Editing Grey Wolves (organization) (section)

==Presence in Western Europe==
=== Austria ===
In Austria, the Grey Wolves salute as well as its symbols were legally banned starting from 1 March 2019. It is punishable by fines up to €4,000.<ref>{{cite news |title=Diese 13 extremistischen Symbole werden verboten |url=https://www.heute.at/s/diese-13-extremistischen-symbole-werden-verboten-55522543 |work=[[:de:Heute (österreichische Zeitung)|Heute]] |date=12 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728193817/https://www.heute.at/s/diese-13-extremistischen-symbole-werden-verboten-55522543 |archive-date=28 July 2020 |language=de}}</ref> Turkey's Foreign Ministry condemned the ban.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Nur Duz |first1=Zehra |title=Turkey condemns Austria's ban on 'Grey Wolves' salute |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/turkey-condemns-austria-s-ban-on-grey-wolves-salute/1392217 |agency=[[Anadolu Agency]] |date=14 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321114324/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/turkey-condemns-austria-s-ban-on-grey-wolves-salute/1392217 |archive-date=21 March 2020}}</ref> "[T]he 'bozkurt' ('Grey Wolves') sign, which is a symbol of a legal political party in Turkey and the 'rabia' sign that is widely used by Muslims in many countries as well as in Turkey. We do not accept this and we strongly condemn it," read the Foreign Ministry statement. Turkey also called on Austria to "correct this grave mistake," because it "deeply offends Turkey, the Turkish community in Austria and Muslims."<ref>{{cite web |title=Press Release Regarding the "Symbol Act" on Symbols of Extremist Organizations that Has Been Passed by the Austrian Parliament |url=https://www.mfa.gov.tr/no_-333_-avusturya-da-kabul-edilen-sembol-yasasi-hk_en.en.mfa |website=mfa.gov.tr |publisher=Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421095301/http://www.mfa.gov.tr/no_-333_-avusturya-da-kabul-edilen-sembol-yasasi-hk_en.en.mfa |archive-date=21 April 2019 |date=12 December 2018}}</ref> In early March 2019, Grey Wolves sympathizers started a campaign on [[Twitter]] by sending Chancellor [[Sebastian Kurz]] hundreds of photos of people showing the salute. Kurz defended the ban declaring people and organizations that do not accept democratic values, or fight against those values, have no place in Austria.<ref>{{cite news |title=So kontert der Kanzler auf Wolfsgruß-Aktion |url=https://www.heute.at/s/kurz-sagt-rechten-wolfsgrussen-den-kampf-an-41838218 |work=[[:de:Heute (österreichische Zeitung)|Heute]] |date=4 March 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200728194300/https://www.heute.at/s/kurz-sagt-rechten-wolfsgrussen-den-kampf-an-41838218 |archive-date=28 July 2020 |language=de}}</ref>

In January 2020 four Turkish bus drivers were fired in Vienna for making the Grey Wolves sign.<ref>{{cite news |title=4 Turkish bus drivers fired over gray wolf sign in Vienna |url=https://www.dailysabah.com/politics/2020/01/31/4-turkish-bus-drivers-fired-over-gray-wolf-sign-in-vienna |work=[[Daily Sabah]] |date=21 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728213820/https://www.dailysabah.com/politics/2020/01/31/4-turkish-bus-drivers-fired-over-gray-wolf-sign-in-vienna |archive-date=28 July 2020}}</ref> On 26 June 2020, Turkish nationalist groups, identified by journalist [[Jake Hanrahan]] as Grey Wolves members, attacked Kurdish rallies in Vienna protesting the [[Operations Claw-Eagle and Tiger|Turkish operation in Iraqi Kurdistan]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Turkish ultranationalists attack Kurdish rallies in Vienna |url=https://ahvalnews.com/turks-austria/turkish-ultranationalists-attack-kurdish-rallies-vienna |agency=[[Ahval]] |date=27 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731134913/https://ahvalnews.com/turks-austria/turkish-ultranationalists-attack-kurdish-rallies-vienna |archive-date=31 July 2020}}</ref> Turkey criticized the handling of the violence by the Austrian police and claimed that it was organized by PKK sympathizers.<ref>{{cite news |title=Turkey, Austria trade barbs over Kurdish-Turkish clashes in Vienna |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-turkey-austria/turkey-austria-trade-barbs-over-kurdish-turkish-clashes-in-vienna-idUSKBN240193 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=29 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715134551/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-turkey-austria/turkey-austria-trade-barbs-over-kurdish-turkish-clashes-in-vienna-idUSKBN240193 |archive-date=15 July 2020}}</ref>

===Belgium===
The ''Belçika Türk Federasyonu'' (BTF) is considered to be "affiliated with or sympathetic" to the Grey Wolves.<ref name="microconflict" /> According to one study, its aim is "to foster loyalty among young people of Turkish origin to their ancestral culture, religion and history and to keep alive the Turkish identity in Europe. BTF claims to oppose not the integration of [[Turks in Belgium|Belgian-Turks]] into their host society but rather their assimilation by it." Its activities mostly focus on "issues relevant to Turkish national sensitivities". For instance, it has demonstrated against the erection of an Armenian Genocide memorial in Brussels.<ref name="microconflict" /> During the [[2006 Belgian local elections|municipal elections of 2006]] two member of the BTF came to the attention of the media: Fuat Korkmazer on the [[Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams|Flemish Christian Democrats (CD&V)]] list in [[Ghent]] and Murat Denizli on the [[Parti Socialiste (Belgium)|Francophone Socialist Party (PS)]] list in [[Schaerbeek]], a [[List of municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region|municipality]] in the Brussels Region. Korkmazer got a very low number of votes, while Denizli was elected but had to resign because it was discovered he had a false address and lived in another municipality.<ref>{{cite news|title=Fuat Korkmazer stapt op bij Turkse vereniging|url=http://www.standaard.be/cnt/g1j11c1cn|work=[[De Standaard]]|date=8 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031034106/http://www.standaard.be/cnt/g1j11c1cn|archive-date=31 October 2014|language=nl}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Dorzée|first1=Hugues|title=Le loup gris du PS hante Schaerbeek|url=http://archives.lesoir.be/le-loup-gris-du-ps-hante-schaerbeek-elections-la%EFcite-_t-20061012-006PC5.html|work=[[Le Soir]]|date=12 October 2006|language=fr}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> In 2019, [[sp.a]] candidate Mustafa Ayutar was linked to the organization.<ref name="jellypages.com">{{cite web |url=https://www.jellypages.com/breaking/Verkiezingsborden-Zuhal-Demir-plastered-with-Turkish-slogans-and-symbol-Grey-Wolves-But-I-will-not-be-intimidated-h88626.html |title=Verkiezingsborden Zuhal Demir plastered with Turkish slogans and symbol Grey Wolves: But I will not be intimidated News |date=11 May 2019 |access-date=9 January 2022 |archive-date=9 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109235116/https://www.jellypages.com/breaking/Verkiezingsborden-Zuhal-Demir-plastered-with-Turkish-slogans-and-symbol-Grey-Wolves-But-I-will-not-be-intimidated-h88626.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2019, Belgian-Kurdish [[New Flemish Alliance]] politician [[Zuhal Demir]] reported that posters advertising her candidacy in [[Maasmechelen]] had been vandalized with swastikas and the symbol of the Grey Wolves.<ref name="jellypages.com"/>

In 2022, Grey Wolves vandalized an Armenian genocide memorial in Brussels with three crescents, similar to the [[Nationalist Movement Party|MHP]] logo.<ref>{{cite web |title=Grey Wolves vandalize Armenian genocide memorial in Brussels |url=https://www.turkishminute.com/2022/04/27/ey-wolves-vandalize-armenian-genocide-memorial-in-brussels/ |website=Turkish Minute |date=27 April 2022}}</ref>

===France===
In May 1984, Grey Wolves leader Abdullah Çatlı carried out a [[Alfortville Armenian Genocide Memorial Bombings|bombing]] of an Armenian Genocide memorial in [[Alfortville]], a Paris suburb.<ref>{{cite book|last=Grosscup|first=Beau|title=The new explosion of terrorism|year=1991|publisher=New Horizon Pr.|location=Far Hills, NJ|isbn=978-0-88282-074-3|page=297}}</ref>

According to [[Direction générale de la sécurité intérieure]] members of the Grey Wolves partook in a 21 January 2012 demonstration in Paris against the adoption of the bill criminalizing the Armenian genocide denial in France.<ref>{{cite news|last=Meynial|first=Claire|title=Les Loups sont entrés dans Paris|url=http://www.lepoint.fr/monde/les-loups-sont-entres-dans-paris-29-03-2012-1699782_24.php|work=[[Le Point]]|date=29 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102005304/http://www.lepoint.fr/monde/les-loups-sont-entres-dans-paris-29-03-2012-1699782_24.php|archive-date=2 November 2014|language=fr}}</ref>

In November 2020, France banned the Grey Wolves organization<ref name="ALJ">{{cite web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/11/2/france-to-ban-turkish-ultra-nationalist-grey-wolves-group |title=France to ban Turkish ultranationalist Grey Wolves group |date=2 November 2020 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=2 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102171625/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/11/2/france-to-ban-turkish-ultra-nationalist-grey-wolves-group |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=France bans Turkish ultra-nationalist Grey Wolves – DW – 11/04/2020 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/france-bans-turkish-ultra-nationalist-grey-wolves-group/a-55503469 |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=[[Deutsche Welle]] |language=en}}</ref> after defacement of an [[Armenian Genocide Memorial]], organizing combat training camps in the [[Ardèche]] region in 2019, inciting violence against Kurds and Armenians<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-11-04|title=Le mouvement ultra-nationaliste turc des Loups gris officiellement dissous en France|language=fr|work=Le Monde.fr|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2020/11/04/en-france-le-mouvement-ultranationaliste-turc-des-loups-gris-officiellement-dissous_6058483_823448.html|access-date=2020-11-18|archive-date=19 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119010338/https://www.lemonde.fr/politique/article/2020/11/04/en-france-le-mouvement-ultranationaliste-turc-des-loups-gris-officiellement-dissous_6058483_823448.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="FR">{{cite web |url=https://www.france24.com/en/france/20201102-france-to-ban-turkish-grey-wolves-after-defacement-of-armenian-memorial |title=France to ban Turkish 'Grey Wolves' after defacement of Armenian memorial |date=2 November 2020 |publisher=[[France 24]] |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=2 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102170116/https://www.france24.com/en/france/20201102-france-to-ban-turkish-grey-wolves-after-defacement-of-armenian-memorial |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-11-02|title=Grey Wolves: Far-right group to be banned in France|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-54787028|access-date=2020-11-05|archive-date=4 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104235833/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-54787028|url-status=live}}</ref> and orchestrating marches targeting Armenians near Lyon.<ref name="VICe">{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/turkey-france-armenia-grey-wolves-lyon/ |title=Turkish Ultranationalist Group Linked to "Hunt For Armenians" in France |date=29 October 2020 |publisher=[[Vice Media]] |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=1 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101101934/https://www.vice.com/en/article/epddna/turkey-france-armenia-grey-wolves-lyon |url-status=live }}</ref> Turkey's Foreign Ministry criticized the ban and said: "we will reciprocate to this decision in the strongest way." In addition, accused the French government of tolerating associations affiliated with the PKK and the [[Gülen movement|FETÖ]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Press Release Regarding the French Council of Ministers' Decision on the dissolution of the "Grey Wolves" Movement |url=http://www.mfa.gov.tr/no_-276_-bozkurtlar-hareketinin-kapatilmasina-iliskin-bakanlar-kurulu-karari-hk.en.mfa |website=mfa.gov.tr |publisher=Republic of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211102429/http://www.mfa.gov.tr/no_-276_-bozkurtlar-hareketinin-kapatilmasina-iliskin-bakanlar-kurulu-karari-hk.en.mfa |archive-date=11 December 2020 |date=4 November 2020}}</ref>

===Germany===
[[File:Graue Wölfe 20190713 151505.jpg|thumb|Grey Wolves symbols on a car in [[Munich]], 2019]]

As a far-right extremist group, the Grey Wolves are monitored by the [[German Intelligence Community|German authorities]].<ref name="zeit" /> The [[Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution]] assumes that there are around 12,100 people in Germany who can be assigned to the “Ülkücü” movement and its ideology as of 2023. The majority of these - around 10,500 supporters - are organized in clubs, which in turn are grouped together under the umbrella of larger associations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-01 |title=Auslandsbezogener Extremismus |url=http://www.verfassungsschutz.de/DE/themen/auslandsbezogener-extremismus/auslandsbezogener-extremismus_node.html |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=BundesamtfuerVerfassungsschutz |language=de}}</ref> A 2017 article published by the [[Federal Agency for Civic Education]] estimated over 18,000 members.<ref name="bpb" /> 

The three “Ülkücü” associations in Germany with the largest number of members are: 

* “Federation of Turkish Democratic Idealist Associations in Germany e.V.” (ADÜTDF), with around 7,000 members organized in around 200 local associations.
* “ATİB – Union of Turkish-Islamic Cultural Associations in Europe e.V.” (ATİB), with around 2,500 members in 25 associations.
* "Federation of the World Order in Europe” (ANF), with around 1,000 members in around 15 local associations.

The group transfers conflicts from their native Turkey into Germany with harassment against Kurds and Armenians as well as people with leftist political views in general.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bildung|first=Bundeszentrale für politische|title=Einführung: Graue Wölfe und türkischer Ultranationalismus in Deutschland {{!}} bpb|url=https://www.bpb.de/politik/extremismus/rechtsextremismus/252855/einfuehrung-graue-woelfe-und-tuerkischer-ultranationalismus-in-deutschland|access-date=2020-11-21|website=bpb.de|date=19 July 2017 |language=de|archive-date=28 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128171351/https://www.bpb.de/politik/extremismus/rechtsextremismus/252855/einfuehrung-graue-woelfe-und-tuerkischer-ultranationalismus-in-deutschland|url-status=live}}</ref> Its members have actively engaged in attacks on<ref name="spiegel" /> and clashes with<ref>{{cite web|title=2012 Annual Report on the Protection of the Constitution |url=http://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/EN/Broschueren/2013/vsb_kurzfassung_engl_2012.pdf?__blob=publicationFile |publisher=[[Federal Ministry of the Interior (Germany)|German Federal Ministry of the Interior]] |page=8 |quote=Supporters of the Turkish nationalist Ülkücü movement (suspicious case), also publicly known as Grey Wolves, especially attracted attention during demonstrations, which occasionally sparked off heavy riots between nationalist Turks and Kurds. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141107183722/http://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/EN/Broschueren/2013/vsb_kurzfassung_engl_2012.pdf?__blob=publicationFile |archive-date=7 November 2014 }}</ref> [[Kurds in Germany]].

Historically the most important Grey Wolves-affiliated Turkish organization in Germany was the ''Türk Federasyon'' (Avrupa Demokratik Ülkücü Türk Dernekleri Federasyonu, ADÜTDF), which had around 200 member organizations. Founded in 1978 by 64 nationalist organizations it declined in the 1980s, but revived in the 1990s and claimed to have doubled its membership following the [[Solingen arson attack of 1993]]. It denies any direct links with the Grey Wolves in Turkey or the MHP, however, its monthly journal publishes articles praising the MHP and denouncing left-wing and Kurdish organizations in Turkey and Germany. According to educationalist Kemal Bozay, their influence on third generation Turkish youth—who are "looking for an identity"—has "increased significantly".<ref name="derwesten" /> They had ties to the banned Turkish-nationalistic [[outlaw motorcycle club]] [[Osmanen Germania|Osmanen Germania BC]].{{fact|date=October 2023}}

According to the [[Baden-Württemberg]] State Government, there are 45 Grey Wolves clubs and associations in that state as of 2012. These associations are often given non-political names (usually cultural and athletic) to conceal their identity.<ref name="zvw" />

The 2013 in three German federal states "two live arms with ammunition, [[Blank-firing adaptor|blank-firing guns]], [[Club (weapon)|batons]], [[Taser|electric stun guns]] and [[Katana|Samurai swords]]" were seized from members of the Grey Wolves.<ref name="2013 report" />

The Ministry of the Interior of [[North Rhine-Westphalia]], Germany's most populous state where 70 Grey Wolves associations with more than 2,000 members operated in 2011,<ref name="derwesten" /> also monitors the organization.<ref>{{cite web|title=Wer sind die "Grauen Wölfe"?|url=http://www.mik.nrw.de/uploads/media/UElkuecue-Broschuere_01.pdf|website=mik.nrw.de|publisher=Ministerium für Inneres und Kommunales des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen [Ministry of the Interior of North Rhine-Westphalia]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102021247/http://www.mik.nrw.de/uploads/media/UElkuecue-Broschuere_01.pdf|archive-date=2 November 2014|location=Düsseldorf |language=de}}</ref> Nevertheless, [[Serdar Yüksel]], a [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]] member of the [[Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia|state's parliament]], stated in a 2011 interview that the threat of the Grey Wolves in Germany is underestimated. He said, "When thousands of Turkish right-wing radicals come together in Essen, we're not worried. But if 100 members of [[National Democratic Party of Germany|NPD]] march, we immediately organize a counter-demonstration."<ref name="derwesten" /> [[:de:Olaf Lehne|Olaf Lehne]], a [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany|Christian Democratic Union]] member of North Rhine-Westphalia's state parliament, stated in an interview that the Grey Wolves "are in this country, unfortunately, too often ignored". He also added that they have a large number of sympathizers among young people.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Stoldt|first1=Till-R.|title=Der Schein trügt, die Grauen Wölfe sind gefährlich|url=https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article13735417/Der-Schein-truegt-die-Grauen-Woelfe-sind-gefaehrlich.html|work=[[Die Welt]]|date=25 November 2011|language=de|access-date=7 March 2017|archive-date=2 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902202543/https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article13735417/Der-Schein-truegt-die-Grauen-Woelfe-sind-gefaehrlich.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Another important organization affiliated with the Grey Wolves are the ATIB (Turkish: ''Avrupa Türk-İslam Birliği, ATİB''; German: ''Union der Türkisch-Islamischen Kulturvereine in Europa'').<ref>{{cite web |title=Stellung der Avrupa Türk-Islam Birliği (ATIB) im Spektrum der Grauen Wölfe |url=http://dipbt.bundestag.de/dip21/btd/18/093/1809353.pdf |website=bundestag.de |publisher=[[Bundestag]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200823070519/http://dipbt.bundestag.de/dip21/btd/18/093/1809353.pdf |archive-date=23 August 2020 |language=de |date=5 August 2016}}</ref>

During the [[UEFA Euro 2024]] football tournament held in Germany, several Turkish supporters were observed giving the "wolf salute," a hand gesture associated with the Grey Wolves. This gesture, symbolic of Turkish ultra-nationalism and far-right ideologies, raised concerns among European authorities and football officials.

The incident occurred during the group stage match between Turkey and Italy, held in Munich on June 20, 2024. The "wolf salute" was prominently displayed by a section of Turkish fans, leading to immediate condemnation from various quarters. UEFA officials noted the salute and initiated an investigation to address the display of political and extremist symbols during the tournament.

UEFA issued a statement reaffirming its commitment to keeping political and extremist expressions out of football. The German Football Association (DFB) also expressed its concern and emphasized the need for vigilance against far-right activities in sports events. <ref>{{cite web|last=Zidan|first=Karim|title=Europe's extremists are converging at Euro 2024|date=June 26, 2024|url=https://www.sportspolitika.news/p/euro-football-extremist-far-right-politics}}</ref>

Turkey's [[Merih Demiral]] was subsequently banned "for violating the basic rules of decent conduct, for using sports events for manifestations of a non-sporting nature and for bringing the sport of football into disrepute", for allegedly making a "wolf salute" during Turkey's [[UEFA_Euro_2024_knockout_stage|round of 16]] win over Austria. <ref>{{cite web|title=Turkey says Demiral ban for Euros 'wolf' salute is unfair|date=July 5, 2024|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240705-turkey-s-demiral-banned-after-controversial-euros-salute}}</ref>

From 2014-2018 the [[Osmanen Germania]] were a extreme right criminal gang working as security guards for the gray wolves.

===Netherlands===
As early as 1979 the Dutch [[Scientific Council for Government Policy]] reported that clashes between the Grey Wolves and the Dutch-Turkish Workers Association (HTIB) occurred on [[International Workers' Day|May Day]] celebrations.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Penninx |first1=Rinus |title=Ethnic minorities |url=http://www.wrr.nl/fileadmin/en/publicaties/PDF-Rapporten/R17_Ethnic_minorities__r17_1979_.pdf |publisher=[[Scientific Council for Government Policy|Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy]] |page=113 |date=1979 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141107184549/http://www.wrr.nl/fileadmin/en/publicaties/PDF-Rapporten/R17_Ethnic_minorities__r17_1979_.pdf |archive-date=7 November 2014 }}</ref> Organizations such as Turkish Federation Netherlands (''Turkse Federatie Nederland'', TFN)<ref>{{cite news|title=Protest in Den Bosch against Grey Wolves|url=http://www.atour.com/~aahgn/news/20020110a.html|agency=[[Algemeen Nederlands Persbureau]]|date=5 January 2002|quote=The most important speaker at the TNF-congress was the Turkish vice-prime minister Davlet Bahceli, leader of the extreme-right Nationalist Action-party MHP, also known as the Grey Wolves.|access-date=31 October 2014|archive-date=26 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426034740/http://www.atour.com/~aahgn/news/20020110a.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and Turkish Islamic Federation (''Turks Islamitische Federatie'') have links to the Grey Wolves.<ref name="Avcı">{{cite book|first1=Gamze|last1=Avcı|contribution=Religion, Transnationalism and Turks in Europe|editor1-last=Çarkoğlu|editor1-first=Ali|editor2-last=Rubin|editor2-first=Barry|editor2-link=Barry Rubin|title=Turkey and the European Union: Domestic Politics, Economic Integration and International Dynamics|date=2004|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-76120-2|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=BSLeAAAAQBAJ&dq=Turkish+Federation+Netherlands&pg=PA63 63]}}</ref> According to Wangmo and Yazilitas, the Grey Wolves in the Netherlands have engaged in a variety of activities, ranging from criminal activities and nationalist propaganda to support of football teams. The organization was more influential in the 1990s when many first-generation Turkish immigrants "maintained a deep interest in Turkish politics and who had a deeply felt Turkish identity."<ref name="Wangmo&Yazilitas" /> Grey Wolves activists have participated—with varying successes—in the local politics of several Dutch municipalities.<ref>{{cite web|first=Ernst|last=Haffmans|url=http://www.xs4all.nl/~afa/comite/artikel/artikel130.html|title=Belabberd resultaat Grijze Wolven bij gemeenteraadsverkiezingen 2006|work=Onderzoeksgroep Turks extreem-rechts|publisher=Xs4all.nl|language=nl|access-date=2011-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100305051707/http://www.xs4all.nl/~afa/comite/artikel/artikel130.html|archive-date=2010-03-05|url-status=dead}}</ref> In November 2020, [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy|VVD]] MP [[Bente Becker]] introduced a motion to ban the Grey Wolves. The motion was supported by 147 members of the parliament with 3 members voting against it. All three votes against the motion came from [[Denk (political party)|Denk]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nieuwson.nl/nederland-wil-een-verbod-op-organisatie-grijze-wolven/|title=Nederland wil een verbod op organisatie Grijze Wolven|date=18 November 2020|publisher=NieuwsOn|language=nl|access-date=20 November 2020|archive-date=19 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119144044/https://www.nieuwson.nl/nederland-wil-een-verbod-op-organisatie-grijze-wolven/|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Sweden===
On 13 September 2015, an explosion occurred at a Kurdish civil center in Stockholm, Sweden, following clashes between Turks, Kurds and anti-fascists at a rally organized by the Swedish Grey Wolves.<ref name="middleeasteye 2015" />

The [[Green Party (Sweden)|Swedish Green Party]] was hit by a political scandal in April 2016, as images emerged of party member and Housing Minister [[Mehmet Kaplan]] attending a dinner party alongside leading members of the Grey Wolves.<ref name="AlJazeera">{{Cite news|title=Sweden's Green Party hit by religious row|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/04/sweden-green-party-infiltrated-islamists-160426130534157.html|work=Al Jazeera|date=27 April 2016|access-date=16 March 2017|archive-date=16 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316002611/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/04/sweden-green-party-infiltrated-islamists-160426130534157.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Housing minister, Turkish extremists dined together|url=https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=2054&artikel=6411611|work=Radio Sweden|date=14 April 2016|access-date=16 March 2017|archive-date=10 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810081723/http://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=2054&artikel=6411611|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="SvD">{{Cite news|title=Swedish cabinet member compared Israel with Nazi-Germany|url=http://www.svd.se/swedish-cabinet-member-accused-of-antisemitism|work=[[Svenska Dagbladet]]|date=17 April 2016|access-date=16 March 2017|archive-date=6 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006125225/http://www.svd.se/swedish-cabinet-member-accused-of-antisemitism|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Sweden's housing minister Mehmet Kaplan quits after his Nazi comparison to Israel|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/swedens-housing-minister-mehmet-kaplan-quits-after-his-nazi-comparison-israel-1555419|work=International Business Times|date=18 April 2016|access-date=16 March 2017|archive-date=18 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418125446/http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/swedens-housing-minister-mehmet-kaplan-quits-after-his-nazi-comparison-israel-1555419|url-status=live}}</ref> Kaplan resigned when a 2009 video was made public in which he compared [[Israel]]'s treatment of Palestinians to that of Jews by [[Nazi Germany]].<ref name="AlJazeera" /><ref name="TheLocal">{{Cite news|title=Green Party leaders: We have no plans to resign|url=http://www.thelocal.se/20160425/green-party-sweden-crisis-romson-fridolin|work=[[The Local]]|date=25 April 2016|access-date=16 March 2017|archive-date=2 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302061526/http://www.thelocal.se/20160425/green-party-sweden-crisis-romson-fridolin|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Sweden Democrats]] party have called for the Grey Wolves to be banned in Europe and for its members in Sweden to be deported.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nyheteridag.se/charlie-weimers-sd-eu-behover-bygga-murar-mot-erdogans-turkiet/|title=Charlie Weimers (SD): EU behöver bygga murar mot Erdogans Turkiet|date=4 March 2020|access-date=8 January 2022|archive-date=8 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108142845/https://nyheteridag.se/charlie-weimers-sd-eu-behover-bygga-murar-mot-erdogans-turkiet/|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Vatican===
On 13 May 1981 [[Mehmet Ali Ağca]], an alleged Grey Wolves member, [[Pope John Paul II assassination attempt|attempted]] to murder [[Pope John Paul II]] in [[St. Peter's Square]]. The masterminds were not identified and the organization's role remains unclear. According to [[Daniel Pipes]] and [[Khalid Duran]] Grey Wolves appear to have been involved in the assassination attempt and write that Ağca "in his own confused way mixed Turkish nationalist sentiments with fundamentalist Islam."<ref name="Pipes&Duran" /> However, Italian investigators could not establish his link to the Grey Wolves.<ref name="Prabha" />

===Norway===
There is allegedly a Grey Wolf group recruiting in [[Drammen]], Norway.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dt.no/5-57-492765|title=Advarer mot tyrkisk fascistisk organisasjon i Drammen|first=Camilla|last=Ondrckova|date=15 November 2016|website=Drammens Tidende|access-date=12 March 2021|archive-date=13 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113184251/https://www.dt.no/nyhet/drammen/politikk-og-samfunn/advarer-mot-tyrkisk-fascistisk-organisasjon-i-drammen/s/5-57-492765|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dt.no/5-57-496779|title=En flørt med fascisme|first=Dag Einar Thorsen-førsteamanuensis i statsvitenskap ved Høgskolen i|last=Sørøst-Norge|date=20 November 2016|website=Drammens Tidende|access-date=12 March 2021|archive-date=13 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113184252/https://www.dt.no/meninger/europa/tyrkia/en-flort-med-fascisme/o/5-57-496779|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rights.no/2016/11/fascisme-apenbarer-seg-i-drammen/|title=Fascisme åpenbarer seg i Drammen? – Human Rights Service|first=Hege|last=Storhaug|date=15 November 2016 |access-date=28 November 2020|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130141901/https://www.rights.no/2016/11/fascisme-apenbarer-seg-i-drammen/|url-status=live}}</ref>