Editing Hummingbird (section)

==Natural enemies==
===Predators===

[[Mantis|Praying mantises]] have been observed as predators of hummingbirds.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fisher |first=R. Jr. |date=1994 |title=Praying mantis catches and eats hummingbird |journal=Birding |volume=26 |pages=376}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lorenz |first=S. |date=2007 |title=Carolina mantid (''Stagmomantis carolina'') captures and feeds on a broad-tailed hummingbird (''Selasphorus platycercus'') |journal=Bulletin of the Texas Ornithological Society |volume=40 |pages=37–38}}</ref><ref name="nyff">{{Cite journal |last1=Nyffeler |first1=Martin |last2=Maxwell |first2=Michael R. |last3=Remsen |first3=J.V. |year=2017 |title=Bird predation by praying mantises: A global perspective |url=https://bioone.org/journals/the-wilson-journal-of-ornithology/volume-129/issue-2/16-100.1/Bird-Predation-By-Praying-Mantises-A-Global-Perspective/10.1676/16-100.1.full |journal=The Wilson Journal of Ornithology |volume=129 |issue=2 |pages=331–344 |doi=10.1676/16-100.1 |issn=1559-4491 |s2cid=90832425}}</ref> Other predators include [[Cat|domestic cats]], [[dragonfly|dragonflies]], [[frog]]s, [[orb-weaver spider]]s, and other birds, such as the [[roadrunner]].<ref name=abc/><ref>{{Cite web |first=Sharon |last=Stiteler |date=29 October 2015 |title=Which animals prey on hummingbirds? |url=https://www.audubon.org/news/which-animals-prey-hummingbirds |access-date=4 November 2021 |publisher=National Audubon Society}}</ref>

===Parasites===
Hummingbirds host a highly specialized lice fauna. Two genera of [[Ricinidae|Ricinid]] lice, [[Trochiloecetes]] and [[Trochiliphagus]], are specialized on them, often infesting 5–15% of their populations. In contrast, two genera of [[Menoponidae|Menoponid]] lice, [[Myrsidea]] and [[Leremenopon]]{{clarify|date=March 2024}}, are extremely rare on them.<ref name="Oniki-Willis23">{{cite journal|last1=Oniki-Willis|first1=Yoshika|last2=Willis|first2=Edwin O|last3=Lopes|first3=Leonardo E|last4=Rozsa|first4=Lajos|title= Museum-based research on the lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) infestations of hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae) – prevalence, genus richness, and parasite associations |journal= Diversity|volume=15|year=2023|issue=1 |pages=54|doi= 10.3390/d15010054|doi-access=free |bibcode=2023Diver..15...54O }}</ref><ref name="Sychra24">{{cite journal|last1=Sychra|first1=Oldřich|display-authors=etal|title= Multivariate study of lice (Insecta: Psocodea: Phthiraptera) assemblages hosted by hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae)|journal=Parasitology |volume=151|year=2024|issue=2 |pages=191–199|doi=10.1017/S0031182023001294|doi-access=free |pmid=38116659 |pmc=10941040}}</ref>