Editing Islamic marital jurisprudence (section)

===Prohibitions based on consanguinity===
{{See also|Cousin marriage in the Middle East}}
Seven relations are prohibited because of [[consanguinity]], i.e. kinship or relationship by blood, viz, mothers, daughters, sisters, paternal aunts, maternal aunts, and nieces (whether sister's or brother's daughters). In this case, no distinction is made between full and half relations, both being equally prohibited. Distinction is, however, made with step relations i.e. where both the biological mother and father of a couple wishing to marry are separate individuals for both parties, in which case it is permitted. The word "mother" also connotes the "father's mother" and "mother's mother" all the way up. Likewise, the word "daughter" also includes the "son's daughter" and "daughter's daughter" all the way down. The sister of the maternal grandfather and of the paternal grandmother (great aunts) are also included on an equal basis in the application of the directive.<ref name=ghamid-mizan>{{cite book|last=Ghamidi|first=Javed Ahmad|title=Mizan: A Comprehensive Introduction to Islam|publisher=Al-Mawrid|location=Lahore|author-link=Javed Ahmad Ghamidi|language=en}}</ref>{{pages needed|date=May 2025}} Marriage to a cousin is traditionally permissible and is permissible according to a number of scholars.<ref name="IQA-cousin">{{cite web |last1=Al-Munajjid |first1=Muhammed Salih |title=Question: Is it correct that our Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) discouraged marrying cousins? Should marrying cousins be the last resort? Summary of answer: There is nothing wrong with marriage to cousins in Islam, as cousins are not included in the maharim. |url=https://islamqa.info/en/answers/105/ruling-on-cousin-marriage-in-islam |website=Islam Question & Answer |access-date=28 April 2025}}</ref><ref name="IWN-cousins">{{cite web |title=Permission to marry cousins |url=https://islamweb.net/en/fatwa/88637/permission-to-marry-cousins#:~:text=Yes%2C%20it%20is%20permissible%20for%20a%20man%20to,no%20marriage%20impediments%2C%20like%20suckling%2C%20or%20the%20like. |website=Islam web net |access-date=28 April 2025 |date=14 September 2004 |quote=Yes, it is permissible for a man to marry the daughter of his maternal uncle or maternal aunt because they are not considered as Mahaarim (non-marriageable relatives) if there are no marriage impediments, like suckling, or the like.}}</ref>
<ref name="Balanced Perspective">{{cite web |title=The Ruling of First Cousin Marriages: A Balanced Perspective. Answered as per Hanafi Fiqh by Seekersguidance.org |url=https://islamqa.org/?p=32767 |website=IslamQA.org |access-date=28 April 2025 |quote=The shari`a permits first-cousin marriage because the absolute risk of harm to the child remains low. ... Prospective couples felt to be at risk of transmitting such genetic defects to their children would be expected to take the means to quantify the risk (though genetic counselling and medical consultation) and then seek expert legal opinion in their specific case. ....}}</ref><ref name=Nassar-view>{{cite web |last1=Nassar |first1=Mohamad Mostafa |title=𝐈𝐬𝐥𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐜 𝐕𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐫𝐲𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐂𝐨𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐬, 𝐐𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐧 (𝟒:𝟐𝟐-𝟐𝟒) 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐐𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐧 (𝟑𝟑:𝟓𝟎) |url=https://islamcompass.com/islamic-view-on-marrying-cousins/#gsc.tab=0 |website=Islam Compass |access-date=28 April 2025}}</ref><ref name="Siddiqi">{{cite web |last1=Siddiqi |first1=Muzammil H. |title=Islamic View on Marrying Cousins  |url=https://fiqh.islamonline.net/en/islamic-view-on-marrying-cousins/ |website=Islamonline |access-date=28 April 2025}}</ref>