Editing Liverpool (section)

==Demography==
{{Main|Demographics of Liverpool}}

===Population===
{|class="wikitable" id="toc" style="margin-left:2em; " cellspacing="3"
|+Historical population of Liverpool (numbers vary by source)<br>Sources:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool: Trade, population and geographical growth|url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lancs/vol4/pp37-38|access-date=17 September 2023|website=british-history.ac.uk|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184739/https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/lancs/vol4/pp37-38|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool Population|url=https://www.visitnorthwest.com/population/liverpool|access-date=17 September 2023|website=visitnorthwest.com|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184745/https://www.visitnorthwest.com/population/liverpool|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title='The Belfast of England'|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2009/06/18/history_sectarian_1909_feature.shtml|access-date=17 September 2023|publisher=BBC|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184739/https://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2009/06/18/history_sectarian_1909_feature.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool Firsts|url=https://liverpoolhistorysociety.org.uk/articles/liverpool-firsts|access-date=17 September 2023|website=liverpoolhistorysociety.org.uk|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184813/https://liverpoolhistorysociety.org.uk/articles/liverpool-firsts/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool in the Middle Ages|url=https://localhistories.org/a-history-of-liverpool|access-date=17 September 2023|website=localhistories.org|date=14 March 2021|archive-date=28 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928053327/https://localhistories.org/a-history-of-liverpool/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool District|url=https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10105821/cube/TOT_POP|access-date=17 September 2023|website=visionofbritain.org.uk|archive-date=30 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930211936/https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10105821/cube/TOT_POP|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool|url=https://images.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/2020-01/Liverpool-Part-2.pdf|access-date=17 September 2023|website=liverpoolmuseums.org.uk|archive-date=20 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120201150/https://images.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/2020-01/Liverpool-Part-2.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Online historical population reports: Census|url=http://www.histpop.org/ohpr/servlet/Browse?path=Browse/Census%20(by%20date)/1801&active=yes&treestate=contract&titlepos=0|access-date=17 September 2023|website=histpop.org|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184740/http://www.histpop.org/ohpr/servlet/Browse?path=Browse/Census%20(by%20date)/1801&active=yes&treestate=contract&titlepos=0|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool – A history of a city 12,000 years in 1200 words|url=https://images.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/2020-01/history-of-a-city-fact-file.pdf|access-date=24 September 2023|website=liverpoolmuseums.org.uk|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002185750/https://images.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/2020-01/history-of-a-city-fact-file.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Introduction|url=https://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/transcript-of-magical-history-tour-exhibition-tour|access-date=24 September 2023|website=liverpoolmuseums.org.uk|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002191249/https://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/transcript-of-magical-history-tour-exhibition-tour|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=History of Liverpool|url=https://www.history.co.uk/article/history-of-liverpool|access-date=24 September 2023|website=history.co.uk|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002185750/https://www.history.co.uk/article/history-of-liverpool|url-status=live}}</ref>
!Date!!Population!!Notes
|-
|'''1207'''||||Borough of Liverpool founded by [[John, King of England]]. The economy was focused on agricultural and food processing, [[Gristmill|grain mills]] and warehouses until the 16th century.
|-
|'''1272'''||840||
|-
|'''14th century'''||1,000 – 1,200|| Population roughly 1,000 in 1300. Because Liverpool was a port, it was more at risk from the spread of disease. Townspeople lived partly by farming and fishing. Some were craftsmen or tradesmen such as bakers, brewers, butchers, blacksmiths, and carpenters. A [[watermill]] existed to ground grain into flour for the townspeople's bread, and there was a windmill. [[Black Death]] wiped out whole families and bodies were buried in a mass grave at [[Church of Our Lady and Saint Nicholas, Liverpool|St Nicholas's churchyard]]. 
|-
|'''16th century'''||||Ireland was still Liverpool's main trading partner. In 1540, a writer said: "Irish merchants come much hither as to a good harbor". He also said there was "good merchandise at Liverpool and much Irish [[yarn]], that [[Manchester]] men buy there". Skins and hides were still imported from Ireland. Exports from Liverpool included coal, woolen cloth, knives and leather goods. There were still many fishermen in Liverpool. In the mid 16th century, the town was under the control of the country [[gentry]] and trade was slow. The population dropped to below 600, in part due to deaths in the [[1557 influenza pandemic|1558 plague]] when a third of the townspeople died. Further [[Second plague pandemic|plague outbreaks]] took place in 1609, 1647 and 1650 which led to static or retrogressive population levels. The town was regarded as subordinate to [[Chester]] until the 1650s.
|-
|'''1600'''||<2,000||English troops bound for [[List of Irish uprisings|rebellions in Ireland]] settled in the 16th and early 17th centuries.
|-
|'''1626'''||||[[Charles I of England]] issued new [[Municipal charter|Charter]] for the town. Trade with other cities, Ireland, [[Isle of Man]], France and Spain increased. Fish and wool was exported to the [[Continental Europe|Continent]], and wines, iron and other commodities imported. In the following decades, merchants invested in Liverpool and its importance grew. Regular shipping began to America and [[West Indies]]. Liverpool was controlled by [[the Crown]], the Molyneux and Stanley families. 
|-
|'''1642'''||2,500||Liverpool overtook [[Chester]] in exporting coal and salt in early 17th century, especially to Ireland. 
|-
|'''1644'''||||During [[English Civil War]], [[Prince Rupert of the Rhine|Prince Rupert]] led a [[Cavalier|royalist]] army to capture Liverpool. He described the town as a "mere crow's nest which a parcel of boys could take". He stormed [[Liverpool Castle]] in the 'Siege of Liverpool' with considerable slaughter.
|-
|'''1647'''||||Liverpool was made a free and independent port, no longer subject to [[Chester]].
|-
|'''1648'''||||First recorded cargo from America landed at Liverpool.
|-
|'''Late 17th century'''||||Liverpool grew rapidly with the growth of [[Colonial history of the United States|English colonies in North America]] and [[British West Indies|West Indies]]. Liverpool was well placed to trade across Atlantic Ocean. The writer [[Celia Fiennes]] visited Liverpool and said: "Liverpool is built on the [[River Mersey]]. It is mostly newly built, of brick and stone after the London fashion. The original (town) was a few fishermen's houses. It has now grown into a large, fine town. It is but one parish with one church though there be 24 streets in it, there is indeed a little chapel and there are a great many dissenters in the town ([[Protestants]] who did not belong to the [[Church of England]]). It's a very rich trading town, the houses are of brick and stone, built high and even so that a street looks very handsome. The streets are well paved. There is an abundance of persons who are well dressed and fashionable. The streets are fair and long. It's London in miniature as much as I ever saw anything. There is a very pretty exchange. It stands on 8 pillars, over which is a very handsome [[Liverpool Town Hall|Town Hall]]."
|-
|'''1700'''||5,714||First recorded Liverpool [[slave ship]], the 'Liverpool Merchant', sold a cargo of 220 [[slave]]s in Barbados. In the early 1700s, the writer [[Daniel Defoe]] said: "Liverpool has an opulent, flourishing and increasing trade to [[Virginia]] and English colonies in America. They trade around the whole island (of Great Britain), send ships to [[Norway]], to [[Hamburg]], and to the [[Baltic states|Baltic]] as also to [[Holland]] and [[Flanders]] (roughly modern [[Belgium]])." [[Welsh people|Welsh]] people in search of work and opportunity made up a large amount of population in the early 18th century. 
|-
|'''1715'''||||[[Old Dock|World's first wet dock]] opened in Liverpool, symbolising a new era in the town's growth, the starting point of the 18th-century boom in Liverpool's fortunes.
|-
|'''1720s'''||||[[Liverpool Castle]] demolished (built in the 1230s)
|-
|'''1750'''||20,000||
|-
|'''1795'''||||Influx of Irish, [[Welsh people|Welsh]], Scandinavian and [[Dutch people|Dutch]] communities grew the town rapidly. Most of the population were not native to Liverpool.
|-
|'''1797'''||77,708||
|-
|'''1801'''||77,000 – 85,000||
|-
|'''1811'''||94,376||
|-
|'''1821'''||118,972||
|-
|'''1831'''||165,175||
|-
|'''1835'''||||Boundary of Liverpool expanded to include [[Everton, Liverpool|Everton]], [[Kirkdale, Liverpool|Kirkdale]] and parts of [[Toxteth]] and [[West Derby]]. Liverpool was second only to London in importance. Poor, overcrowded and unsanitary living conditions led to disease and epidemics of [[cholera]] in 1830s to 1860s.
|-
|'''1841'''||286,487||
|-
|'''1851'''||375,955||At the height of the [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Great Famine in Ireland]], Liverpool's [[Irish people in Great Britain|Irish-born population]] peaked to about 83,000–90,000. Forty-three thousand were settled in the area around the docks. More Irish people lived in Liverpool than the majority of [[Historical population of Ireland|Irish towns]]. Forty per cent of the world's trade was passing through [[Port of Liverpool|Liverpool's docks]].
|-
|'''1861'''||413,000 – 462,749||
|-
|'''1871'''||493,405 – 539,248||
|-
|'''1880'''||||Liverpool officially [[History of Liverpool|became a city]].
|-
|'''1881'''||552,508 – 648,616||
|-
|'''1891'''||617,032 – 644,243||
|-
|'''1895'''||||Boundary of Liverpool expanded to include [[Wavertree]], [[Walton, Liverpool|Walton]], and parts of [[Toxteth]] and [[West Derby]].
|-
|'''1901'''||684,958 – 711,030||
|-
|'''1902'''||||Boundary of Liverpool expanded to include [[Garston, Liverpool|Garston]], [[Aigburth]], [[Grassendale and Cressington (Liverpool ward)|Cressington]] and [[Grassendale]].
|-
|'''1904'''||||Boundary of Liverpool expanded to include [[Fazakerley]].
|-
|'''1907'''||746,144||
|-
|'''1911'''||746,421 – 766,044||
|-
|'''1913'''||||Boundary of Liverpool expanded to include [[Woolton]] and [[Gateacre]].
|-
|'''1921'''||805,046 – 821,000||
|-
|'''1931'''||855,688||
|-
|'''1937'''||867,000||The highest-recorded population of Liverpool [[city proper]]
|-
|'''1941'''||806,271||Liverpool's population fell in the following decades, largely due to the [[new towns movement]] and the British government's policy to displace thousands of people from major British cities (including Central Liverpool) to various [[New towns in the United Kingdom|new towns]] within the region such as [[Kirkby]], [[Skelmersdale]], [[Runcorn]] and [[Warrington]].
|-
|'''1951'''||765,641 – 768,337||
|-
|'''1961'''||683,133 – 737,637||
|-
|'''1971'''||595,252 – 607,454||Suburbanisation into neighbouring local authorities continues.
|-
|'''1981'''||492,164 – 503,726||
|-
|'''1991'''||448,629 – 480,196||
|-
|'''2001'''||439,428 – 439,476||Liverpool's population steadily increased again, partly attributed to a rise in students, student accommodation, young professionals, and increased job opportunities through [[urban regeneration]].
|-
|'''2011'''||466,415||
|-
|'''2021'''||486,100||
|-
|}

====The city====
The city of Liverpool is at the core of a much larger and more populous [[metropolitan area]]; however, at the most recent [[2021 United Kingdom census|UK Census in 2021]], the area governed by [[Liverpool City Council]] had a population of 486,100, a 4.2% increase from the previous [[2011 United Kingdom census|Census in 2011]]. This figure increased to 500,500 people by 2022, according to data from Liverpool City Council.

Taking in to account how [[Local government in England|local government]] is organised within the cities and metropolitan areas of England, the Liverpool was the fifth largest of England's [[Core Cities Group|'core cities']] and had the second-overall-highest population density of those, by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Demography – Census 2021|url=https://liverpool.gov.uk/council/key-statistics-and-data/census-2021/demography|access-date=3 September 2023|website=liverpool.gov.uk|archive-date=3 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903110427/https://liverpool.gov.uk/council/key-statistics-and-data/census-2021/demography|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=What is the population of Liverpool and how big is it?|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/what-population-liverpool-how-big-25304427|access-date=3 September 2023|website=liverpoolecho.co.uk|date=25 October 2022|archive-date=3 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903110425/https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/what-population-liverpool-how-big-25304427|url-status=live}}</ref>

The population of the city has steadily risen since the [[2001 United Kingdom census|2001 Census]]. As well as having a growing population, the population density also grew at the 2021 Census compared to the previous census. Since 2011, its population size ranked 10th out of 309 local authority areas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How the population changed in Liverpool: Census 2021 |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/visualisations/censuspopulationchange/E08000012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230923021438/https://www.ons.gov.uk/visualisations/censuspopulationchange/E08000012 |archive-date=23 September 2023 |access-date=3 September 2023 |website=ons.gov.uk}}</ref>

The population of the city is comparatively younger than that of England as a whole. Family life in the city is also growing at odds with the North West England region as a whole: At the 2021 Census, the percentage of households including a couple without children increased in Liverpool, but fell across the North West. The percentage of people aged 16 years and over (excluding full-time students) who were employed also increased in Liverpool compared to the overall North West region where it fell. 
[[File:Asian Tourists at Quayside - Albert Dock - Liverpool - England (28033157252).jpg|thumb|left|Liverpool's [[Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom|ethnic]] and international population is growing. More people in the city identified as [[British Asians|Asian]] and [[Black British people|Black]] in the [[2021 United Kingdom census|most recent census]], compared to the previous census.]]

The 2021 Census also showed that Liverpool's [[Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom|ethnic]] and international population was growing. The number of residents in the city born outside of England has increased since the previous census, while the number of residents who did not identify with any [[Countries of the United Kingdom|national identity associated with the UK]] has also increased at a faster rate than England as a whole. The overall share of the city's population who identified as [[British Asians|Asian]] and [[Black British people|Black]] increased, while the percentage who identified as [[White people in the United Kingdom|white]] decreased in the city compared with previous Census.<ref name="2021lifechange">{{Cite web|title=How life has changed in Liverpool: Census 2021|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/visualisations/censusareachanges/E08000012|access-date=8 September 2023|website=ons.gov.uk|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184738/https://www.ons.gov.uk/visualisations/censusareachanges/E08000012|url-status=live}}</ref>

It has been argued that the city can claim to have one of the strongest [[Irish people|Irish heritages]] in the United Kingdom, with as many as 75 per cent (estimated) of Liverpool's population with some form of [[Irish people in Great Britain|Irish ancestry]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool is a city with deep Irish roots|url=https://www.irishecho.com/2022/4/liverpool-has-deep-irish-roots|access-date=8 September 2023|website=irishecho.com|archive-date=5 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705192603/https://www.irishecho.com/2022/4/liverpool-has-deep-irish-roots|url-status=live}}</ref>

The growing population of Liverpool in the 21st century reverses a trend which took place between the 1930s and 2001, when the population of the [[city proper]] effectively halved.

At the [[1931 United Kingdom census]], Liverpool's population reached an all-time high of 846,302. Following this peak, in response to central government policy, the Council authority of Liverpool then built and owned large several [[New towns in the United Kingdom|'new town']] [[Public housing in the United Kingdom|council estates]] in the suburbs within Liverpool's metropolitan area. Tens of thousands of people were systematically relocated to new housing in areas such as [[Borough of Halton|Halton]], [[Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley|Knowsley]], [[Metropolitan Borough of St Helens|St Helens]], [[Metropolitan Borough of Sefton|Sefton]], [[Metropolitan Borough of Wirral|Wirral]], [[Cheshire West and Chester]], [[West Lancashire]], [[Warrington]] and as far as [[North Wales]].

Such a mass relocation and population loss during this time was common practice for many British cities, including London and [[Manchester]], In contrast, satellite towns such as [[Kirkby]], [[Skelmersdale]] and [[Runcorn]] saw a corresponding rise in their populations (Kirkby being the fastest growing town in Britain during the 1960s).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Was the decline in Liverpool's historic population really that unusual?|url=https://citymonitor.ai/government/was-decline-liverpool-s-historic-population-really-unusual-3490|access-date=8 September 2023|website=citymonitor.ai|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918231819/https://citymonitor.ai/government/was-decline-liverpool-s-historic-population-really-unusual-3490|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool District|url=https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10105821/cube/TOT_POP|access-date=8 September 2023|website=visionofbritain.org.uk|archive-date=30 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930211936/https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10105821/cube/TOT_POP|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="2021lifechange"/><ref>{{cite book|last=Ravetz|first=Alison|title=Council housing and culture|date=2001|publisher=Routledge|location=London [u.a.]|isbn=978-0-415-23945-5|edition=New}}</ref>

====Urban and metropolitan area====
Liverpool is typically grouped with the wider [[Merseyside]] (plus [[Borough of Halton|Halton]]) area for the purpose of defining its metropolitan footprint, and there are several methodologies. Sometimes, this metropolitan area is broadened to encompass urban settlements in the neighbouring counties of [[Lancashire]] and [[Cheshire]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rebalancing Britain: Policy of Slogan? Liverpool City Region – Building on its Strengths: An independent report|url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/32080/11-1338-rebalancing-britain-liverpool-city-region.pdf|access-date=10 January 2024|website=assets.publishing.service.gov.uk|archive-date=28 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128190321/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/32080/11-1338-rebalancing-britain-liverpool-city-region.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool City Region Statement of Cooperation on Local Planning. Liverpool City Region Combined Authority|url=https://api.liverpoolcityregion-ca.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Appendix_One_Statement_of_Co-operation.pdf|access-date=11 January 2024|website=api.liverpoolcityregion-ca.gov.uk|archive-date=11 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111104155/https://api.liverpoolcityregion-ca.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Appendix_One_Statement_of_Co-operation.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> 

The [[Office for National Statistics]] in the United Kingdom uses the international standardised [[International Territorial Level]]s (ITLs) to divide up the [[Economy of the United Kingdom|economic territory of the UK]]. This enables the ONS to calculate regional and local statistics and data. The ONS uses a series of codes to identify these areas. In order of hierarchy from largest area to smallest area, Liverpool is part of the following regions:<ref>{{Cite web|title=International geographies|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/methodology/geography/ukgeographies/eurostat#north-west-england|access-date=9 September 2023|website=ons.gov.uk|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184739/https://www.ons.gov.uk/methodology/geography/ukgeographies/eurostat#north-west-england|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=International, regional and city statistics|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/aboutus/whatwedo/programmesandprojects/europeancitystatistics|access-date=9 September 2023|website=ons.gov.uk|archive-date=22 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122215435/https://www.ons.gov.uk/aboutus/whatwedo/programmesandprojects/europeancitystatistics|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Open Geography Portal|url=https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/search?q=itl|access-date=9 September 2023|website=geoportal.statistics.gov.uk|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184748/https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/search?q=itl|url-status=live}}</ref>

=====ITL 1 region=====
[[North West England]] (code TLD)
<br>At the 2021 Census, the ITL 1 region of North West England had a usual resident population of 7,417,300.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Population sizes and changes for regions and local authorities|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/populationandhouseholdestimatesenglandandwales/census2021#population-sizes-and-changes-for-regions-and-local-authorities|access-date=9 September 2023|website=ons.gov.uk|archive-date=6 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606233746/https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/populationandhouseholdestimatesenglandandwales/census2021#population-sizes-and-changes-for-regions-and-local-authorities|url-status=live}}</ref>

=====ITL 2 region=====
[[Merseyside]] (code TLD7) 
<br>The ITL 2 region of Merseyside is defined as the area comprising East Merseyside (TLD71) plus Liverpool (TLD72), [[Metropolitan Borough of Sefton|Sefton]] (TLD73) and [[Metropolitan Borough of Wirral|Wirral]] (TLD74).
<br>At the 2021 Census, the population of this area was as follows:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Population and household estimates, England and Wales: Census 2021|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/populationandhouseholdestimatesenglandandwales/census2021#population-sizes-and-changes-for-regions-and-local-authorities|access-date=9 September 2023|website=ons.gov.uk|archive-date=6 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606233746/https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/populationandhouseholdestimatesenglandandwales/census2021#population-sizes-and-changes-for-regions-and-local-authorities|url-status=live}}</ref>

East Merseyside (TLD71):
*[[Borough of Halton|Halton]] = 128,200 
*[[Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley|Knowsley]] = 154,500 
*[[Metropolitan Borough of St Helens|St. Helens]] = 183,200

Liverpool (TLD72) = 486,100

[[Metropolitan Borough of Sefton|Sefton]] (TLD73) = 279,300

[[Metropolitan Borough of Wirral|Wirral]] (TLD74) = 320,200

Therefore, the total population of the ITL 2 Merseyside region was 1,551,500 based on the 2021 Census.

=====ITL 3 region=====
The smallest ITL 3 area classed as Liverpool (code TLD72), therefore, had a population of 486,100 at the 2021 Census.

=====Other definitions=====

At the 2021 Census, the ONS used a refreshed concept of built-up areas (BUAs) based on the physical built environment, using [[satellite imagery]] to recognise developed land, such as cities, towns and villages. This allows the ONS to investigate economic and social statistics based on actual settlements where most people live. Data from the 2021 Census is not directly comparable with [[2011 United Kingdom census|2011 Census]] data due to this revised methodology. Using the population figures of BUAs at the 2021 Census (excluding London), [[Liverpool Built-up Area]] is the third largest in England with some 506,565 usual residents (behind only [[Birmingham]] and [[Leeds]]). Liverpool's built-up area is, therefore, larger than the major English cities of [[Bristol]], Manchester, [[Newcastle upon Tyne]], [[Nottingham]] and [[Sheffield]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Towns and cities, characteristics of built-up areas, England and Wales: Census 2021|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/housing/articles/townsandcitiescharacteristicsofbuiltupareasenglandandwales/census2021|access-date=9 September 2023|website=ons.gov.uk|archive-date=21 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121221510/https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/housing/articles/townsandcitiescharacteristicsofbuiltupareasenglandandwales/census2021|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Liverpool city region.png|thumb|left|Map showing the six boroughs of [[Liverpool City Region]]: the fourth-largest [[combined authority]] area in England.]]
Excluding London, the [[Liverpool City Region]] was the fourth-largest [[combined authority]] area in England, by 2021. The population is approximately 1.6&nbsp;million. The Liverpool City Region is a political and economic partnership between local authorities including [[Liverpool City Council|Liverpool]], plus the [[Metropolitan borough]]s of [[Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley|Knowsley]], [[Metropolitan Borough of Sefton|Sefton]], [[Metropolitan Borough of St Helens|St Helens]], [[Metropolitan Borough of Wirral|Wirral]] and the [[Borough of Halton]]. The [[Liverpool City Region Combined Authority]] exercises strategic governance powers for the region in many areas. The economic data of the Liverpool city region is of particular policy interest to the [[Office for National Statistics]], particularly as the [[British Government]] continuously explores the potential to negotiate increased [[Devolution in the United Kingdom|devolved powers]] for each combined authority area.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Population living in an area covered by a combined authority or regional governance body that has a devolution deal with a directly elected mayor, England, as of 13 January 2023|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/wellbeing/adhocs/15439populationlivinginanareacoveredbyacombinedauthorityorregionalgovernancebodythathasadevolutiondealwithadirectlyelectedmayorenglandasof13january2023|website=ons.gov.uk|access-date=10 September 2023|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184742/https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/wellbeing/adhocs/15439populationlivinginanareacoveredbyacombinedauthorityorregionalgovernancebodythathasadevolutiondealwithadirectlyelectedmayorenglandasof13january2023|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool City Region|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/visualisations/areas/E47000004|website=ons.gov.uk|access-date=10 September 2023|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184740/https://www.ons.gov.uk/visualisations/areas/E47000004|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Combined Authority economic indicators|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/economicoutputandproductivity/output/articles/combinedauthorityeconomicindicators/2017-03-14|website=ons.gov.uk|access-date=10 September 2023|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184738/https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/economicoutputandproductivity/output/articles/combinedauthorityeconomicindicators/2017-03-14|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Compare Liverpool combined authority|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/reports/lmp/comb/1853882372/subreports/pop_compared/report.aspx?allInGB=&pivot=total&&sort=1&ascending=|website=nomisweb.co.uk|access-date=10 September 2023|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184737/https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/reports/lmp/comb/1853882372/subreports/pop_compared/report.aspx?allInGB=&pivot=total&&sort=1&ascending=|url-status=live}}</ref>

A 2011 report, ''Liverpool City Region – Building on its Strengths'', by [[Lord Heseltine]] and [[Terry Leahy]], stated that "what is now called Liverpool City Region has a population of around 1.5{{nbsp}}million", but also referred to "an urban region that spreads from [[Wrexham]] and [[Flintshire]] to [[Chester]], [[Warrington]], [[West Lancashire]] and across to [[Southport]]", with a population of 2.3{{nbsp}}million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/32080/11-1338-rebalancing-britain-liverpool-city-region.pdf|title=Liverpool City Region – Building on its Strengths|access-date=10 August 2016|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110712/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/32080/11-1338-rebalancing-britain-liverpool-city-region.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2006, in an attempt to harmonise the series of metropolitan areas across the European Union, ESPON (now [[European Observation Network for Territorial Development and Cohesion]]) released a study defining a "[[ESPON metropolitan areas in the United Kingdom|Liverpool/Birkenhead Metropolitan area]]" with an estimated population of 2.241 million people. The metro area comprised a functional urban area consisting of a contiguous urban sprawl, labour pool, and commuter [[Travel to work area]]s. The analysis defined this metropolitan area as Liverpool itself, combined with the surrounding areas of [[Birkenhead]], [[Wigan]]/[[Ashton-in-Makerfield|Ashton]], [[Warrington]], [[Widnes]]/[[Runcorn]], [[Chester]], [[Southport]], [[Ellesmere Port]], [[Ormskirk]] and [[Skelmersdale]].<ref name="ESPON project">{{cite web|url=http://www.espon.eu/export/sites/default/Documents/Projects/ESPON2006Projects/StudiesScientificSupportProjects/UrbanFunctions/fr-1.4.3_April2007-final.pdf#page=119|title=British urban pattern: population data|access-date=14 May 2012|date=March 2007|website=ESPON project 1.4.3 Study on Urban Functions|publisher=[[European Spatial Planning Observation Network]]|page=119|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002318/http://www.espon.eu/export/sites/default/Documents/Projects/ESPON2006Projects/StudiesScientificSupportProjects/UrbanFunctions/fr-1.4.3_April2007-final.pdf#page=119|archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref>

Liverpool and Manchester are sometimes considered as one large polynuclear metropolitan area,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.escholar.manchester.ac.uk/uk-ac-man-scw:89997|title=Shrinking cities and growing regions – emerging trends of new rural-urban relationships in the UK and Germany (Manchester eScholar – The University of Manchester)|date=July 2005|publisher=Escholar.manchester.ac.uk|access-date=7 November 2012|archive-date=25 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425150854/https://www.escholar.manchester.ac.uk/uk-ac-man-scw:89997|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1122670315&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-81&srt=pnan&col=adhoq&msz=1500&va=&pt=a|title=World Gazetteer: United Kingdom – largest cities (per geographical entity)|publisher=Archive.is|access-date=5 February 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130105182544/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1122670315&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-81&srt=pnan&col=adhoq&msz=1500&va=&pt=a|archive-date=5 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/oct/23/ruralaffairs.britishidentity|work=The Guardian|first=Martin|last=Wainwright|title=Seeking peace and quiet? Here's where to find it|date=23 October 2006|location=London|access-date=12 December 2016|archive-date=15 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215220517/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/oct/23/ruralaffairs.britishidentity|url-status=live}}</ref> or [[megalopolis (city type)|megalopolis]].

===Ethnicity===
In recent decades, Liverpool's population is becoming more multicultural. According to the 2021 census, 77% of all Liverpool residents described their ethnic group as White English, Welsh, Scottish, Northern Irish or British. The remaining 23% were described as non-White English/British. Between 2011 and 2021, there was population growth across all ethnic groups, except 'White English/British' and 'Any Other', where there were overall losses. The number of 'Other White residents' in Liverpool also increased by almost 12,000 people, with notable increases in the 'Other Asian', 'Arab', and 'Other Mixed/Multiple' population categories. The non-White English/British population as a percentage of the total population across the [[2023 Liverpool City Council election|'newly organised city electoral wards']] ranged from 5% in the [[Orrell Park (Liverpool ward)|Orrell Park]] ward to 69% in the [[Princes Park (Liverpool ward)|Princes Park]] ward. Nine out of ten Liverpool residents regarded English as their main language. The most spoken non-English languages in the city were [[Arabic]] (5,743 main speakers) followed by [[Polish language|Polish]] (4,809 main speakers). Overall, almost 45,000 residents had a main language that was not English.<ref name="2021ethnicity">{{Cite web|title=Ethnicity – Census 2021|url=https://liverpool.gov.uk/council/key-statistics-and-data/census-2021/ethnicity|access-date=11 September 2023|website=liverpool.gov.uk|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918184737/https://liverpool.gov.uk/council/key-statistics-and-data/census-2021/ethnicity|url-status=live}}</ref>
{{table alignment}}
{|class="wikitable col1left" style="text-align:right;" id="toc"; margin-left:2em;cellspacing="3" 
|+Ethnic breakdown in Liverpool – ([[2021 United Kingdom census|UK Census 2021]])<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ethnic group, England and Wales: Census 2021|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/culturalidentity/ethnicity/bulletins/ethnicgroupenglandandwales/census2021|access-date=11 September 2023|website=ons.gov.uk|archive-date=22 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922140157/https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/culturalidentity/ethnicity/bulletins/ethnicgroupenglandandwales/census2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2021ethnicity"/>
!rowspan=2|[[Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom|Ethnic group]]!!colspan=2|Population
|-
!Number!!Percentage
|-
|White: English, Welsh, Scottish, Northern Irish or British||375,785||77.3
|-
|White: Other White||24,162||5.0
|-
|Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African: African||12,709||2.6
|-
|Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh: Chinese||8,841||1.8
|-
|Other ethnic group: Arab||8,312||1.7
|-
|Other ethnic group: Any other ethnic group||7,722||1.6
|-
|Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh: Other Asian||7,085||1.5
|-
|White: Irish||6,826||1.4
|-
|Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh: Indian||6,251||1.3
|-
|Mixed or multiple ethnic groups: Other mixed or multiple ethnic groups||4,934||1.0
|-
|Mixed or multiple ethnic groups: White and Black African||4,157||0.9
|-
|Mixed or multiple ethnic groups: White and Black Caribbean||4,127||0.8
|-
|Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh: Pakistani||3,673||0.8
|-
|Mixed or multiple ethnic groups: White and Asian||3,662||0.8
|-
|Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African: Other Black||2,762||0.6
|-
|Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh: Bangladeshi||1,917||0.4
|-
|Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African: Caribbean||1,493||0.3
|-
|White: Roma||1,169||0.2
|-
|White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller||501||0.1
|}

According to a 2014 survey, the ten most popular surnames of Liverpool and their occurrence in the population are:<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gibbons|first=Lottie|date=20 March 2020|title=100 most common surnames in Merseyside and how many have them|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/100-most-common-surnames-merseyside-17957357|access-date=5 June 2020|website=Liverpool Echo|archive-date=19 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119212735/https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/100-most-common-surnames-merseyside-17957357|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The 100 most common surnames in Merseyside – are you on the list?|url=https://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/18301505.100-common-surnames-merseyside---list/|access-date=5 June 2020|website=Wirral Globe|date=15 March 2020|archive-date=11 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411182030/https://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/18301505.100-common-surnames-merseyside---list/|url-status=live}}</ref>
:1. Jones – 23,012
:2. Smith – 16,276
:3. Williams – 13,997
:4. Davies – 10,149
:5. Hughes – 9,787
:6. Roberts – 9,571
:7. Taylor – 8,219
:8. Johnson – 6,715
:9. Brown – 6,603
:10. Murphy – 6,495

Liverpool is home to Britain's oldest [[Black people|Black]] community, dating to at least the 1730s. Some Liverpudlians can trace their black ancestry in the city back ten generations.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Costello|first=Ray|title=Black Liverpool: The Early History of Britain's Oldest Black Community 1730–1918|publisher=Picton Press|location=Liverpool|year=2001|isbn=978-1-873245-07-1}}</ref> Early Black settlers in the city included seamen, the children of traders sent to be educated, and [[Liverpool slave trade|freed slaves]], since slaves entering the country after 1722 were deemed free men.<ref name="McIntyre-Brown">{{Cite book|last=McIntyre-Brown|first=Arabella|author2=Woodland, Guy|title=Liverpool: The First 1,000 Years|publisher=Garlic Press|location=Liverpool|year=2001|page=57|isbn=978-1-904099-00-0}}</ref> Since the 20th century, Liverpool is also noted for its large [[British African-Caribbean people|African-Caribbean]],<ref name="2021 Nomis"/> [[Ghanaians in the United Kingdom|Ghanaian]],<ref name=IOMGhanaians>{{cite web|url=http://www.iomlondon.org/doc/mapping/IOM_GHANA.pdf|title=Ghana Mapping Exercise|publisher=International Organization for Migration|access-date=13 September 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304145035/http://www.iomlondon.org/doc/mapping/IOM_GHANA.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2012}}</ref> and [[Somalis in the United Kingdom|Somali]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.liverpoolpct.nhs.uk/Library/Impact/IA0073.doc|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100408051421/http://www.liverpoolpct.nhs.uk/Library/Impact/IA0073.doc|archive-date=8 April 2010|title=Liverpool City Council/Liverpool PCT Equality Impact Assessment Template|publisher=The National Archives|access-date=16 November 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> communities, formed of more recent African-descended immigrants and their subsequent generations.
[[File:Chinese Arch, Nelson Street, Liverpool - geograph.org.uk - 4894314.jpg|thumb|left|Liverpool has the oldest [[British Chinese|Chinese community]] in Europe and the largest [[Paifang|Chinese arch]] outside China.]]
The city is also home to the oldest [[British Chinese|Chinese community]] in Europe; the first residents of the city's [[Chinatown, Liverpool|Chinatown]] arrived as seamen in the 19th century.<ref name="Chinese">{{cite web|url=http://www.mersey-gateway.org/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.1369|title=Culture and Ethnicity Differences in Liverpool – Chinese Community|publisher=Chambré Hardman Trust|access-date=6 August 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090724204513/http://www.mersey-gateway.org/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.1369|archive-date=24 July 2009}}</ref> The traditional Chinese gateway erected in Liverpool's Chinatown is the largest such gateway outside China. Liverpool also has a long-standing [[Filipinos|Filipino]] community. [[Lita Roza]], a singer from Liverpool who was the first woman to achieve a UK number one hit, had Filipino ancestry.

The city is also known for its large [[Irish people in Great Britain|Irish]] and [[Welsh people|Welsh]] populations.<ref name="IrishWelsh">{{cite web|url=http://www.mersey-gateway.org/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.1372|title=Culture and Ethnicity Differences in Liverpool – European Communities|publisher=Chambré Hardman Trust|access-date=6 August 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090110073826/http://www.mersey-gateway.org/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.1372|archive-date=10 January 2009}}</ref> In 1813, 10 per cent of Liverpool's population was Welsh, leading to the city becoming known as "the capital of [[North Wales]]."<ref name="IrishWelsh"/>

During, and in the decades following, the [[Great Irish Famine]] in the mid-19th century, up to two million Irish people travelled to Liverpool within one decade, with many subsequently departing for the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2005/07/20/coast05walks_stage5.shtml|title=Coast Walk: Stage 5 – Steam Packet Company|publisher=BBC|access-date=6 August 2008|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515062428/http://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2005/07/20/coast05walks_stage5.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> By 1851, more than 20 per cent of the population of Liverpool was Irish.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/nof/emigrants/access/liverpool.asp?%5Blookup%5D=irish|title=Leaving from Liverpool|publisher=National Museums Liverpool|access-date=6 August 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081007071211/http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/nof/emigrants/access/liverpool.asp?%5Blookup%5D=irish|archive-date=7 October 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> At the 2001 Census, 1.17 per cent of the population were Welsh-born and 0.75 per cent were born in the [[Republic of Ireland]], while 0.54 per cent were born in [[Northern Ireland]],<ref name="CoB">{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=3&b=276787&c=liverpool&d=13&e=13&g=359393&i=1001x1003x1004&o=198&m=0&r=1&s=1219587699578&enc=1&dsFamilyId=11|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121224192237/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=3&b=276787&c=liverpool&d=13&e=13&g=359393&i=1001x1003x1004&o=198&m=0&r=1&s=1219587699578&enc=1&dsFamilyId=11|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 December 2012|title=Neighbourhood Statistics: Country of Birth|publisher=Office for National Statistics|access-date=24 August 2008}}</ref> but many more Liverpudlians are of legacy Welsh or Irish ancestry.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/b362aa48-6875-11ea-a3c9-1fe6fedcca75|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/b362aa48-6875-11ea-a3c9-1fe6fedcca75|archive-date=10 December 2022|url-access=subscription|url-status=live|title=Liverpool holds fast to its Irish identity through Brexit and beyond|work=Financial Times|first=Andy|last=Bounds|date=19 March 2020|access-date=1 June 2020}}</ref>

Other contemporary ethnicities include [[British Indian|Indian]],<ref name="2021 Nomis"/> [[Latin American migration to the United Kingdom|Latin American]],<ref name="Latin American Liverpool">{{cite news|url=http://www.liverpool.com/news/liverpool-s-latin-quarter-just-around-the-corner.html|title=Liverpool's Latin quarter – just around the corner|publisher=Liverpool.com|access-date=13 September 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011061807/http://www.liverpool.com/news/liverpool-s-latin-quarter-just-around-the-corner.html|archive-date=11 October 2012}}</ref> [[Malaysians in the United Kingdom|Malaysian]],<ref name=IOMMalaysians>{{cite web|url=http://www.iomlondon.org/doc/mapping/IOM_MALAYSIA.pdf|title=Malaysia Mapping Exercise|publisher=International Organization for Migration|access-date=13 September 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304145015/http://www.iomlondon.org/doc/mapping/IOM_MALAYSIA.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2012}}</ref> and [[Yemenis in the United Kingdom|Yemeni]]<ref name="BBC Yemenis">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/uk_1.shtml|title=Islam and Britain|publisher=BBC|access-date=13 September 2012|archive-date=22 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210322232559/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/uk_1.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> communities, which number several thousand each.

===Religion===
{{bar box
|title=Religion of Liverpool residents, 2021
|caption= Source: 2021 census<ref>{{Cite web|title=Religion, England and Wales: Census 2021|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/culturalidentity/religion/bulletins/religionenglandandwales/census2021|access-date=18 September 2023|website=ons.gov.uk|archive-date=29 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129100449/https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/culturalidentity/religion/bulletins/religionenglandandwales/census2021|url-status=live}}</ref>
|titlebar=#ccc
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|Christian|#ccf|57.3}}
{{bar percent|No religion|#ccf|29.4}}
{{bar percent|Religion not stated|#ccf|5.9}}
{{bar percent|Muslim|#ccf|5.3}}
{{bar percent|Hindu|#ccf|0.8}}
{{bar percent|Buddhist|#ccf|0.4}}
{{bar percent|Any other religion|#ccf|0.4}}
{{bar percent|Jewish|#ccf|0.4}}
{{bar percent|Sikh|#ccf|0.1}}
}}
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| perrow            = 2
| total_width       = 300
| image1            = Liverpoolcityskyline.jpg
| caption1          = [[Liverpool Cathedral|Liverpool Anglican Cathedral]], one of the largest cathedrals in the world
| image2            = Liverpool RC Cathedral (7169062078).jpg
| caption2          = [[Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral|Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral of Christ the King]]
| image3            = Al-Rahma Mosque, Liverpool 2020.jpg
| caption3          = The [[Al-Rahma Mosque]] in the [[Toxteth]] area of Liverpool
| image4            = The Synagogue of the Liverpool Old Hebrew Congregation - geograph.org.uk - 1703408 crop.JPG
| caption4          = [[Princes Road Synagogue]], Toxteth
}}
The thousands of migrants and sailors passing through Liverpool resulted in a religious diversity that is still apparent today. This is reflected in the equally diverse collection of religious buildings,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://liverpoolstreetgallery.com/thumbnails.php?album=51|title=Church, Mosque, Synagogue|publisher=Liverpool Street Gallery|date=2 December 2007|access-date=15 April 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091118220910/http://www.liverpoolstreetgallery.com/thumbnails.php?album=51|archive-date=18 November 2009}}</ref> including two Christian cathedrals.

Liverpool is known to be England's 'most Catholic city', with a [[Catholic]] population much larger than in other parts of England.<ref name="Sectarianism in England">{{cite web|last=West|first=Ed|title=Why does England not have sectarianism like Scotland and Northern Ireland? It's the demography, stupid|url=http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/edwest/100084758/why-does-england-not-have-sectarianism-like-scotland-its-the-demography-stupid/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110424083701/http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/edwest/100084758/why-does-england-not-have-sectarianism-like-scotland-its-the-demography-stupid/|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 April 2011|website=The Telegraph|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref> This is mainly due to high historic Irish migration to the city and their descendants since.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ljmu.ac.uk/conferences/asc-2020/about-liverpool|title=About Liverpool|access-date=17 June 2022|archive-date=24 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524154101/https://www.ljmu.ac.uk/conferences/asc-2020/about-liverpool|url-status=live}}</ref>

The parish church of Liverpool is the Anglican [[Church of Our Lady and Saint Nicholas, Liverpool|Our Lady and St Nicholas]], colloquially known as "the sailors church", which has existed near the waterfront since 1257. It regularly plays host to [[Catholic mass]]es. Other notable churches include the [[Greek Orthodox Church of St Nicholas]] (built in the [[Neo-Byzantine architecture]] style) and the [[Gustav Adolf Church, Liverpool|Gustav Adolf Church]] (the Swedish Seamen's Church, reminiscent of Nordic styles).

Liverpool's wealth as a port city enabled the construction of two enormous cathedrals in the 20th century. The [[Liverpool Cathedral|Anglican Cathedral]], which was designed by [[Giles Gilbert Scott|Sir Giles Gilbert Scott]] and plays host to the annual [[Liverpool Shakespeare Festival]], has one of the longest [[nave]]s, largest organs and heaviest and highest peals of bells in the world. The Roman Catholic [[Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral|Metropolitan Cathedral]], on Mount Pleasant next to [[Liverpool Science Park]], was initially planned to be even larger. Of [[Sir Edwin Lutyens]]'s original design, only the crypt was completed. The cathedral was eventually built to a simpler design by [[Sir Frederick Gibberd]]. While this is on a smaller scale than Lutyens' original design, it still incorporates the largest panel of [[stained glass]] in the world. The road running between the two cathedrals is called [[Hope Street, Liverpool|Hope Street]]. The cathedral has long been colloquially referred to as "Paddy's Wigwam" due to its shape.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2007/05/10/faith_metro_cathedral_anniv_feature.shtml|title=Cathedral celebrates anniversary|publisher=BBC News|access-date=23 December 2019|archive-date=16 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516045905/http://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2007/05/10/faith_metro_cathedral_anniv_feature.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref>

Liverpool contains several synagogues, of which the Grade I listed [[Moorish Revival]] [[Princes Road Synagogue]] is architecturally the most notable. Princes Road is widely considered to be the most magnificent of Britain's [[Moorish Revival]] synagogues and one of the finest buildings in Liverpool.<ref>Sharples, Joseph, Pevsner Architectural Guide to Liverpool, Yale University Press, 2004, pg. 249</ref> Liverpool has a thriving [[Jews|Jewish community]] with a further two [[Orthodox Judaism|orthodox]] Synagogues, one in the [[Allerton, Liverpool|Allerton]] district of the city and a second in the Childwall district of the city where a significant Jewish community reside. A third orthodox Synagogue in the [[Greenbank Park]] area of L17 has recently closed and is a listed 1930s structure. There is also a [[Lubavitch]] [[Chabad House]] and a [[reform Synagogue]]. Liverpool has had a Jewish community since the mid-18th century. The Jewish population of Liverpool is around 5,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.liverpooljewish.com/community/history-liverpool-jewry-today.php|title=Liverpool Jewry Today|access-date=13 January 2013|archive-date=21 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821185245/http://www.liverpooljewish.com/community/history-liverpool-jewry-today.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Liverpool Talmudical College]] existed from 1914 until 1990, when its classes moved to the [[List of Jewish communities in the United Kingdom|Childwall Synagogue]].{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

Liverpool also has a [[Hindu]] community, with a [[Mandir]] on [[Edge Lane]], [[Edge Hill, Merseyside|Edge Hill]]. The Shri Radha Krishna Temple from the Hindu Cultural Organisation in Liverpool is located there.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hcoliverpool.com/|title=Shri Radha Krishna Temple – (Hindu Cultural Organisation, Liverpool)|publisher=Hcoliverpool.com|access-date=5 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110207213503/http://hcoliverpool.com/|archive-date=7 February 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Liverpool also has the [[Guru Nanak]] [[Sikh]] [[Gurdwara]] in [[Wavertree]]<ref>{{cite web|author=Wellington Ave|url=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?hl=en&cp=27&gs_id=3&xhr=t&q=wellington+avenue+liverpool&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.&biw=1366&bih=677&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hq=&hnear=0x487b2052fc14d2b7:0x7f95f042f87001c6,Wellington+Ave,+Liverpool,+Merseyside+L15&gl=uk&ei=SzAvTqaGHIif-QbemI3LDg&sa=X&oi=geocode_result&ct=image&resnum=3&sqi=2&ved=0CCgQ8gEwAg|title=Google Maps – Guru Nanak Gurdwara & Sikh Community Centre, Wellington Avenue, Liverpool, Merseyside, L15 0EJ|date=1 January 1970|access-date=5 August 2011|archive-date=2 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102093721/http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?hl=en&cp=27&gs_id=3&xhr=t&q=wellington+avenue+liverpool&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.&biw=1366&bih=677&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hq=&hnear=0x487b2052fc14d2b7:0x7f95f042f87001c6,Wellington+Ave,+Liverpool,+Merseyside+L15&gl=uk&ei=SzAvTqaGHIif-QbemI3LDg&sa=X&oi=geocode_result&ct=image&resnum=3&sqi=2&ved=0CCgQ8gEwAg|url-status=live}}</ref> and a [[Baháʼí Faith|Baháʼí]] Centre in the same area.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~njtrg/Bahai/Liverpool%20Bahai%20Text.html|title=Liverpool Baha'is Online – Liverpool Baha'i Centre and Community|publisher=Users.globalnet.co.uk|date=14 April 1950|access-date=5 August 2011|archive-date=10 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310040559/http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~njtrg/Bahai/Liverpool%20Bahai%20Text.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The city had the earliest Mosque in England and possibly the UK, founded in 1887 by [[William Abdullah Quilliam]], a lawyer who had converted to [[Islam]] who set up the [[Liverpool Muslim Institute]] in a [[terraced house]] on West Derby Road.<ref>[http://www.islaminbritishstone.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=158&Itemid=68 ''Islam In British Stone''] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530060202/http://www.islaminbritishstone.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=158&Itemid=68 |date=30 May 2012 }} website</ref> Apart from the first mosque in England which now houses a museum,<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Abdullah Quilliam Society|url=http://www.abdullahquilliam.org/about-abdullah-quilliam-society|access-date=29 September 2023|website=abdullahquilliam.org|archive-date=28 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928203237/http://www.abdullahquilliam.org/about-abdullah-quilliam-society/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Historic mosque ready to help city celebrate Eid|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/historic-mosque-ready-help-city-26754497|access-date=29 September 2023|website=liverpoolecho.co.uk|date=21 April 2023|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002185759/https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/historic-mosque-ready-help-city-26754497|url-status=live}}</ref> the largest and main one, [[Al-Rahma mosque]], was also the third purpose-built mosque in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome to Liverpool's Central Mosque|url=https://www.liverpoolmuslimsociety.org.uk/|access-date=29 September 2023|website=liverpoolmuslimsociety.org.uk|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002185748/https://www.liverpoolmuslimsociety.org.uk/|url-status=live}}</ref> The second largest mosque in Liverpool is the Masjid Al-Taiseer.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Masjid Al-Taiseer|url=https://liverpoolislamiccentre.org.uk/|access-date=29 September 2023|website=liverpoolislamiccentre.org.uk|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002185749/https://liverpoolislamiccentre.org.uk/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Other mosques in the city include the Bait ul Lateef Ahmadiyya Mosque,<ref>{{Cite web|title='Our faith has been accepted here': starting again and finding acceptance in Liverpool|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/our-faith-been-accepted-here-26039783|access-date=29 September 2023|website=liverpoolecho.co.uk|date=22 January 2023|archive-date=5 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705060713/https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/our-faith-been-accepted-here-26039783|url-status=live}}</ref> Hamza Center (Community Center),<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hamza Center (Community Center)|url=https://prayersconnect.com/mosques/82686365-hamza-center-community-center-liverpool-england-united-kingdom|access-date=29 September 2023|website=prayersconnect.com|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002185750/https://prayersconnect.com/mosques/82686365-hamza-center-community-center-liverpool-england-united-kingdom|url-status=live}}</ref> Islamic community centre,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Islamic community centre|url=https://prayersconnect.com/mosques/82632552-islamic-community-centre-liverpool-england-united-kingdom|access-date=29 September 2023|website=prayersconnect.com|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002185746/https://prayersconnect.com/mosques/82632552-islamic-community-centre-liverpool-england-united-kingdom|url-status=live}}</ref> Liverpool Mosque and Islamic Institute,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool Mosque & Islamic Institute|url=https://lmii.org/|access-date=29 September 2023|website=lmii.org|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002185746/https://lmii.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> Liverpool Towhid Centre,<ref>{{Cite web|title=List of Shia Islamic Centres in the United Kingdom|url=https://majlis.org.uk/imamiyah-council/centres|access-date=29 September 2023|website=majlis.org.uk|date=5 December 2020|archive-date=2 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231202181552/https://majlis.org.uk/imamiyah-council/centres/|url-status=live}}</ref> Masjid Annour,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Masjid Annour|url=https://prayersconnect.com/mosques/82621422-masjid-annour-liverpool-england-united-kingdom|access-date=29 September 2023|website=prayersconnect.com|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002185748/https://prayersconnect.com/mosques/82621422-masjid-annour-liverpool-england-united-kingdom|url-status=live}}</ref> and the Shah Jalal Mosque.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shah Jalal Mosque Liverpool|url=https://prayersconnect.com/mosques/82629775-shah-jalal-mosque-liverpool-liverpool-england-united-kingdom|access-date=29 September 2023|website=prayersconnect.com|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002185749/https://prayersconnect.com/mosques/82629775-shah-jalal-mosque-liverpool-liverpool-england-united-kingdom|url-status=live}}</ref>