Editing Lizard (section)

===Phylogeny===

====External====

The position of the lizards and other [[Squamata]] among the reptiles was studied using fossil evidence by Rainer Schoch and Hans-Dieter Sues in 2015. Lizards form about 60% of the extant non-avian reptiles.<ref name=pappochelys2015>{{Cite journal | last1=Schoch | first1=Rainer R. | last2=Sues | first2=Hans-Dieter | title=A Middle Triassic stem-turtle and the evolution of the turtle body plan | journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] | volume=523 | issue=7562 | pages=584–587 | doi=10.1038/nature14472 | date=24 June 2015 | pmid=26106865 | bibcode=2015Natur.523..584S | s2cid=205243837 }}</ref>
{{clade
|label1=[[Archelosauria]]
|1={{clade
   |1=[[Archosauromorpha]]<span style="{{MirrorH}}">[[File:Deinosuchus riograndensis.png|100px]]</span>[[File:Meyers grosses Konversations-Lexikon - ein Nachschlagewerk des allgemeinen Wissens (1908) (Antwerpener Breiftaube).jpg|40 px]]
   |label2=[[Lepidosauromorpha]]
   |2={{clade
      |1={{clade
         |1=[[Pantestudines]] [[File:Erpétologie générale, ou, Histoire naturelle complète des reptiles (Centrochelys sulcata).jpg|70px]]
         |2={{clade
            |1={{extinct}}[[Kuehneosauridae]][[File:Icarosaurus white background.jpg|80px]]
            |label2=[[Lepidosauria]]
            |2={{clade
               |1=[[Rhynchocephalia]][[File:Hatteria white background.jpg|80px]]
               |2='''[[Squamata]]'''[[File:British reptiles, amphibians, and fresh-water fishes (1920) (Lacerta agilis).jpg|80px]]
               }}
            }}
         }}
      }}
   }} 
}}

====Internal====
Both the snakes and the [[Amphisbaenia]] (worm lizards) are [[clade]]s deep within the [[Squamata]] (the smallest clade that contains all the lizards), so "lizard" is [[paraphyletic]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Reeder |first1=Tod W. |last2=Townsend |first2=Ted M. |last3=Mulcahy |first3=Daniel G. |last4=Noonan |first4=Brice P.|last5=Wood |first5=Perry L. |last6=Sites |first6=Jack W. |last7=Wiens |first7=John J.|title=Integrated Analyses Resolve Conflicts over Squamate Reptile Phylogeny and Reveal Unexpected Placements for Fossil Taxa |journal=PLOS ONE |date=2015 |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=e0118199 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0118199 |pmid=25803280|pmc=4372529|bibcode=2015PLoSO..1018199R |doi-access=free }}</ref>
The cladogram is based on genomic analysis by Wiens and colleagues in 2012 and 2016.<ref name=wiensetal2012>{{cite journal | last1=Wiens | first1=J. J. | last2=Hutter | first2=C. R. | last3=Mulcahy | first3=D. G. | last4=Noonan | first4=B. P. | last5=Townsend | first5=T. M. | last6=Sites | first6=J. W. | last7=Reeder | first7=T. W. | year=2012 | title=Resolving the phylogeny of lizards and snakes (Squamata) with extensive sampling of genes and species | journal=Biology Letters | volume=8 | issue=6| pages=1043–1046 | doi=10.1098/rsbl.2012.0703 | pmid=22993238 | pmc=3497141}}</ref><ref name="zheng & wiens 2016">{{cite journal|last1=Zheng |first1=Yuchi|last2=Wiens |first2=John J. |title=Combining phylogenomic and supermatrix approaches, and a time-calibrated phylogeny for squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) based on 52 genes and 4162 species |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |date=2016 |volume=94 |issue=Pt B|pages=537–547 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.009|pmid=26475614|bibcode=2016MolPE..94..537Z }}</ref> Excluded taxa are shown in upper case on the cladogram.

{{clade| style=font-size:85%;line-height:80%
|label1='''Squamata'''
|1={{clade
  |label1=[[Dibamia]]
  |1=[[Dibamidae]]
  |label2=[[Bifurcata]]
  |2={{clade
    |label1=[[Gekkota]]
    |1={{clade
      |label1=[[Pygopodomorpha]]
      |1={{clade
        |1=[[Diplodactylidae]] [[File:Hoplodactylus pomarii white background.jpg|70 px]]
        |2={{clade
          |1=[[Pygopodidae]] [[File:The zoology of the voyage of the H.M.S. Erebus and Terror (Lialis burtonis).jpg|70 px]]
          |2=[[Carphodactylidae]]
           }}
         }}
      |label2=[[Gekkomorpha]]
      |2={{clade
        |1=[[Eublepharidae]]
        |label2=[[Gekkonoidea]]
        |2={{clade
          |1=[[Sphaerodactylidae]] 
          |2={{clade
            |1=[[Phyllodactylidae]] [[File:Phyllodactylus gerrhopygus 1847 - white background.jpg|70 px]]
            |2=[[Gekkonidae]] [[File:G gecko 060517 6167 trij (washout).jpg|70px]]
             }}
           }}
         }}
       }}
    |label2=[[Unidentata]]
    |2={{clade
      |label1=[[Scincomorpha|Scinciformata]]
      |1={{clade
        |label1=[[Scincomorpha]]
        |1=[[Scincidae]] [[File:Bilder-Atlas zur wissenschaftlich-populären Naturgeschichte der Wirbelthiere (Plate (24)) Tribolonotus novaeguineae.jpg|70 px]]
        |label2=[[Cordylomorpha]]
        |2={{clade
          |1=[[Xantusiidae]]
          |2={{clade
            |1=[[Gerrhosauridae]] [[File:Gerrhosaurus ocellatus flipped.jpg|70 px]]
            |2=[[Cordylidae]] [[File:Illustrations of the zoology of South Africa (Smaug giganteus).jpg|70 px]]
             }}
           }}
         }}
      |label2=[[Episquamata]]
      |2={{clade
        |label1=[[Lacertoidea|Laterata]]
        |1={{clade
          |label1=[[Teiformata]]
          |1={{clade
            |1=[[Gymnophthalmidae]] [[File:PZSL1851PlateReptilia06 Cercosaura ocellata.png|70 px]]
            |2=[[Teiidae]] [[File:Bilder-Atlas zur wissenschaftlich-populären Naturgeschichte der Wirbelthiere (Tupinambis teguixin).jpg|70 px]]
             }}
          |label2=[[Lacertibaenia]]
          |2={{clade
            |label1=[[Lacertiformata]]
            |1=[[Lacertidae]] [[File:Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (1892) (Lacerta agilis).jpg|70 px]]
            |2='''[[Amphisbaenia|AMPHISBAENIA]]''' (worm lizards, not usually considered "true lizards") [[File:Amphisbaena microcephalum 1847 - white background.jpg|70 px]]   
             }}
           }}
        |label2=[[Toxicofera]]
        |2={{clade
          |1={{clade
            |label1=[[Anguimorpha]]
            |1={{clade
              |label1=[[Palaeoanguimorpha]]
              |1={{clade
                |label1=[[Shinisauria]]
                |1=[[Shinisauridae]] 
                |label2=[[Varanoidea]]
                |2={{clade
                  |1=[[Lanthanotidae]]
                  |2=[[Varanidae]] [[File:Zoology of Egypt (1898) (Varanus griseus).png|90 px]]
                   }}
                 }}
              |label2=[[Neoanguimorpha]]
              |2={{clade
                |label1=[[Helodermatoidea]]
                |1=[[Helodermatidae]] [[File:Gila monster ncd 2012 white background.jpg|70 px]]
                |2={{clade
                  |label1=[[Xenosauroidea]]
                  |1=[[Xenosauridae]]
                  |label2=[[Anguioidea]]
                  |2={{clade
                    |1=[[Diploglossidae]]
                    |2={{clade
                      |1=[[Anniellidae]]
                      |2=[[Anguidae]] [[File:Anguis fragilis (cropped).jpg|60px]]
                       }}
                     }}
                   }}
                 }}
               }}
            |label2=[[Iguanomorpha]]
            |2={{clade
              |label1=[[Acrodonta (lizard)|Acrodonta]]
              |1={{clade
                |1=[[Chamaeleonidae]] [[File:Zoology of Egypt (1898) (Chamaeleo calyptratus).jpg|70 px]]
                |2=[[Agamidae]] [[File:Haeckel Lacertilia (Chlamydosaurus kingii).jpg|55 px]]
                 }}
              |label2=[[Pleurodonta]]
              |2={{clade
                |1=[[Leiocephalidae]]
                |2={{clade
                  |1=[[Iguanidae]] [[File:Stamps of Germany (Berlin) 1977, Cyclura cornuta.jpg|70 px]]
                  |2={{clade
                    |1={{clade
                      |1=[[Hoplocercidae]] 
                      |2={{clade
                        |1=[[Crotaphytidae]]
                        |2=[[Corytophanidae]] [[File:SDC10934 - Basiliscus plumifrons (extracted).JPG|70px]]
                         }}
                       }}
                    |2={{clade
                      |1=[[Tropiduridae]]
                      |2={{clade
                        |1={{clade
                          |1=[[Phrynosomatidae]]
                          |2={{clade
                            |1=[[Dactyloidae]]
                            |2=[[Polychrotidae]]
                             }}
                           }}
                        |2={{clade
                          |1=[[Liolaemidae]]
                          |2={{clade
                            |1=[[Leiosauridae]]
                            |2=[[Opluridae]]
                             }}
                           }}
                         }}
                       }}
                     }}
                   }}
                 }}
               }}
             }}
          |2='''[[Serpentes|SERPENTES]]''' (snakes, not considered to be lizards) [[File:Python natalensis Smith 1840 white background.jpg|120 px]]

           }}
         }}
       }}
     }}
   }}
}}