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Paracrine signaling
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==== Other members of TGF-β superfamily==== * [[VG-1 (cell line)|Vg1 Family]] * [[Activin and inhibin|Activin Family]] ** Involved in [[embryogenesis]] and [[osteogenesis]] ** Regulate [[insulin]] and [[pituitary]], gonadal, and [[hypothalamic]] hormones ** Nerve cell survival factors **3 Activins: [[Activin and inhibin|Activin A]], [[Activin and inhibin|Activin B]] and [[Activin and inhibin|Activin AB]]. * [[Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor|Glial-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF)]] ** Needed for kidney and [[enteric neuron]] [[Cell differentiation|differentiation]] * [[Anti-Müllerian hormone|Müllerian Inhibitory Factor]] ** Involved in mammalian sex determination * [[Nodal (protein)|Nodal]] ** Binds to [[ACVR2B|Activin A Type 2B receptor]] ** Forms receptor complex with [[ACVR1B|Activin A Type 1B receptor]] or with [[ACVR1C|Activin A Type 1C receptor]].<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1074/jbc.M400641200 |title=Nodal and ALK7 Inhibit Proliferation and Induce Apoptosis in Human Trophoblast Cells |year=2004 |last1=Munir |first1=Sadia |journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry |volume=279 |issue=30 |pages=31277–86 |pmid=15150278 |last2=Xu |first2=Guoxiong |last3=Wu |first3=Yaojiong |last4=Yang |first4=Burton |last5=Lala |first5=Peeyush K. |last6=Peng |first6=Chun|doi-access=free }}</ref> *[[Growth and differentiation factor|Growth and differentiation factors (GDFs)]]
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