Editing Purim (section)

===Shushan Purim===
Shushan Purim falls on Adar 15 and is the day on which Jews in [[Jerusalem]] celebrate Purim.<ref name="Barclay"/> The day is also universally observed by omitting the [[tachanun]] prayer and having a more elaborate meal than on ordinary days.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Jacobs |first1=Joseph |first2=M. |last2=Seligsohn |url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=673&letter=S |title=Shushan (Susa) Purim |encyclopedia=[[Jewish Encyclopedia]] |access-date=18 March 2011 |year=2002 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100215053214/http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=673&letter=S |archive-date=15 February 2010 }}</ref>

Purim is celebrated on Adar 14 because the Jews in unwalled cities fought their enemies on Adar 13 and rested the following day. However, in [[Shushan]], the capital city of the [[Achaemenid Empire]], the Jews were involved in defeating their enemies on Adar 13–14 and rested on the 15th (Esther 9:20–22). In commemoration of this, it was decided that while the victory would be celebrated universally on [[Adar]] 14, for Jews living in Shushan, the holiday would be held on Adar 15. Later, in deference to Jerusalem, the Sages determined that Purim would be celebrated on Adar 15 in all cities a wall had enclosed at the time of [[Joshua]]'s conquest of [[Canaan]]. This criterion allowed the city of Jerusalem to retain its importance for Jews, and although Shushan was not walled at the time of Joshua, it was made an exception since the miracle occurred there.<ref name="Barclay"/>

Today, there is debate as to whether outlying neighborhoods of Jerusalem are obliged to observe Purim on the 14th or 15th of Adar.<ref name=Zbook>{{cite book |author=Teller, Hanoch |author-link=Hanoch Teller |title=And From Jerusalem, His Word |publisher=Feldheim Publishers |year=1995 |page=233 |isbn=978-1-881939-05-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mxf2QDFNvcYC&pg=233 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017044011/https://books.google.com/books?id=mxf2QDFNvcYC&pg=233 |archive-date=17 October 2015 }}</ref> Further doubts have arisen as to whether other cities were sufficiently walled in Joshua's era. It is therefore customary in certain towns including [[Hebron]], [[Safed]], [[Tiberias]], [[Acre, Israel|Acre]], [[Ashdod]], [[Ashkelon]], [[Beersheva]], [[Beit She'an]], [[Beit Shemesh]], [[Gaza City|Gaza]], [[Gush Halav]], [[Haifa]], [[Jaffa]], [[Lod]], [[Ramlah]], and [[Shechem]] to celebrate Purim on the 14th and hold an additional ''[[megillah (Talmud)|megillah]]'' reading on the 15th with no blessings.<ref name=Zbook/><ref>{{cite web|last=Enkin|first=Ari|title=Why I Observe Two Days of Purim|url=http://hirhurim.blogspot.com/2010/02/why-i-observe-two-days-of-purim.html|publisher=Hirhurim – Musings|access-date=12 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311165727/http://hirhurim.blogspot.com/2010/02/why-i-observe-two-days-of-purim.html|archive-date=11 March 2014|date=23 February 2010}}</ref> In the [[Jewish diaspora|diaspora]], Jews in [[Baghdad]], [[Damascus]], Prague, and elsewhere celebrate Purim on the 14th and hold an additional ''megillah'' reading on the 15th with no blessings.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Enkin |first=Rabbi Ari |date=2019-03-13 |title=The Case for Observing Purim on the 14th & 15th of Adar in Beit Shemesh |url=https://www.ou.org/holidays/the-case-for-observing-purim-on-both-the-14th-and-15th-of-adar-in-beit-shemesh-and-ramat-beit-shemesh/#_ftn54 |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=Jewish Holidays |language=en-US}}</ref> Since today we are not sure where the walled cities from Joshua's time are, the only city that currently celebrates only Shushan Purim is Jerusalem; however, Rabbi Yoel Elizur has written that residents of [[Bet El]] and [[Mevo Horon]] should observe only the 15th, like Jerusalem.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.daat.ac.il/daat/kitveyet/shana/zmaney-4.htm |title= זמני הפורים בישובים החדשים ביהודה, שומרון ובארץ בנימין / יואל אליצור |access-date= 6 March 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150923225031/https://www.daat.ac.il/daat/kitveyet/shana/zmaney-4.htm |archive-date= 23 September 2015 }}</ref>

Outside of Jerusalem, Hasidic Jews don their holiday clothing on Shushan Purim, and may attend a ''[[Tish (Hasidic celebration)|tish]]'' and even give ''[[mishloach manot]]''; however, this is just a custom and not a religious obligation.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}}