Editing Religious war (section)

===Israeli–Palestinian conflict===
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[[File:Flickr - Government Press Office (GPO) - Arab People fleeing.jpg|thumb|[[Palestinian refugees]] making their way from [[Galilee]] to Lebanon in October 1948]]
[[File:Temple Mount (Aerial view, 2007) 05.jpg|thumb|The [[Temple Mount]], also known as the Al-Aqsa compound, where the [[Al-Aqsa clashes]] occurred]]
[[File:Fatally wounded Israeli school boy.jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|A fatally wounded Israeli school boy in a Hamas attack, 2011]]
The [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict]] can primarily be viewed as an [[ethnic conflict]] between two parties where one party is most often portrayed as a singular ethno-religious group which only consists of the Jewish majority and ignores non-Jewish minority Israeli citizens who support the existence of a [[State of Israel]] to varying degrees, especially the [[Druze]] and the [[Circassians]] who, for example, volunteer to serve in the [[Israel Defense Forces|IDF]], participate in combat and are represented in the [[Knesset|Israeli parliament]] in greater percentages than Israeli Jews are<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Merza|first=Eleonore|date=2008
| page= 24
|title=In search of a lost time|url=https://journals.openedition.org/bcrfj/5911|journal=Bulletin du Centre de recherche français à Jérusalem|language=en|issue=19|issn=2075-5287}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-10-08
| first = Jonathan| last= Adelman
| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190403082503/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-druze-of-israel-hope-_b_8265050
| archive-date= 3 April 2019
| url-status= live
|title=The Druze of Israel: Hope for Arab-Jewish Collaboration|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-druze-of-israel-hope-_b_8265050|access-date=2023-01-02|website=Huffington Post|language=en}}</ref> as well as [[Israeli Arabs]], [[Samaritans]],<ref>{{Cite news|date=2016-04-22|url-access= subscription 
|title=Samaritans form bridge of peace between Israelis and Palestinians|work=Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/365747cc-07c4-11e6-a623-b84d06a39ec2|access-date=2023-01-02}}</ref> various other Christians, and [[Negev Bedouin]];<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-04-24
| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190402113045/http://english.alarabiya.net/en/perspective/profiles/2013/04/24/Bedouin-army-trackers-scale-Israel-social-ladder-.html
| archive-date= 2 April 2019
|title=Muslim Arab Bedouins serve as Jewish state's gatekeepers|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/perspective/profiles/2013/04/24/Bedouin-army-trackers-scale-Israel-social-ladder-|access-date=2023-01-02|website=Al Arabiya English|language=en}}</ref> the other party is sometimes presented as an ethnic group which is multi-religious (although most numerously consisting of Muslims, then Christians, then other religious groups up to and including Samaritans and even Jews). Yet despite the multi-religious composition of both of the parties in the conflict, elements on both sides often view it as a religious war between Jews and Muslims. In 1929, religious tensions between Muslim and Jewish Palestinians over the latter praying at the [[Wailing Wall]] led to the [[1929 Palestine riots]], including the [[1929 Hebron massacre|Hebron]] and [[Safed]] massacres.<ref name=segev>{{cite book |last=Segev |first=Tom |author-link=Tom Segev |title=One Palestine, Complete |year=1999 |publisher=Metropolitan Books |isbn=0-8050-4848-0 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/onepalestinecomp00sege/page/295 295–313] |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/onepalestinecomp00sege/page/295 }}</ref>

In 1947, the UN's decision to [[United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine|partition]] the [[Mandatory Palestine|Mandate of Palestine]], led to the creation of the state of Israel and [[Jordan]], which annexed the West Bank portion of the mandate, since then, the region has been plagued with [[Arab–Israeli conflict|conflict]]. The 1948 Palestinian exodus also known as the ''Nakba'' ({{langx|ar|النكبة}}),<ref>Stern, Yoav. [http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/982390.html "Palestinian refugees, Israeli left-wingers mark Nakba"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723232047/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/982390.html |date=23 July 2008 }}, ''Ha'aretz'', Tel Aviv, 13 May 2008; [http://www.badil.org/Publications/badil-nakba-60-info-packet/index.html Nakba 60] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080612162136/http://www.badil.org/Publications/badil-nakba-60-info-packet/index.html |date=12 June 2008 }}, BADIL Resource Center for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights; Cleveland, William L. ''A History of the Modern Middle East'', Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2004, p. 270. {{ISBN|978-0-8133-4047-0}}</ref> occurred when [[Estimates of the Palestinian Refugee flight of 1948|approximately 711,000 to 726,000]] [[Palestinian people|Palestinian Arabs]] [[Causes of the 1948 Palestinian exodus|fled or were expelled from their homes]], during the [[1948 Arab–Israeli War]] and the [[1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine|Civil War]] that preceded it.<ref>{{cite book|last1=McDowall|first1=David|title=The Palestinians|year=1987|publisher=Minority Rights Group Report no 24|isbn=0-946690-42-1|author2=Claire Palley|page=10}}</ref> The exact number of refugees is a matter of dispute, though the number of Palestine refugees and their unsettled descendants registered with UNRWA is more than 4.3 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unrwa.org/userfiles/2010011791015.pdf|title=The United Nations and Palestinian Refugees|publisher=Unrwa.org|access-date=20 October 2014|archive-date=23 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423164536/https://www.unrwa.org/userfiles/2010011791015.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Crenshaw2010">{{cite book |editor-last=Crenshaw |editor-first=Martha |title=The Consequences of Counterterrorism |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eqrbWrjrvDAC&pg=PA356 |year=2010 |publisher=Russell Sage Foundation |location=New York |isbn=978-0-87154-073-7 |page=356 |last1=Pedahzur |first1=Ami |last2=Perliger |first2=Arie |chapter=The Consequences of Counterterrorist Policies in Israel |access-date=12 October 2015 |archive-date=17 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417233821/https://books.google.com/books?id=eqrbWrjrvDAC&pg=PA356 |url-status=live }}</ref> The causes remain the subject of fundamental disagreement between Palestinians and Israelis. Both Jews and Palestinians make ethnic and historical claims to the land, and Jews make religious claims as well.<ref>Carter, Jimmy. ''[[Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid]]''. Simon & Schuster, 2006. {{ISBN|0-7432-8502-6}}</ref>

According to historian [[Benny Morris]], the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, from the Arab perspective, was "a war of religion as much as, if not more than, a nationalist war over territory."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Morris |first=Benny |title=[[1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War]] |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2008 |isbn=9780300126969 |pages=394–396}}</ref> This assertion has been challenged by other scholars.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gelber |first=Yoav |year=2008 |title=The Jihad That Wasn't |url=https://azure.org.il/article.php?id=475&page=all |journal=Azure |issue=34}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Ben-Ami |first=Shlomo |date=September 1, 2008 |title=Review: A War to Start All Wars: Will Israel Ever Seal the Victory of 1948? |url=https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/review-essay/2008-09-01/war-start-all-wars |journal=Foreign Affairs |volume=87 |issue=5 |pages=148–156 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20181121212127/https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/review-essay/2008-09-01/war-start-all-wars |archive-date=November 21, 2018}}</ref>