Editing State school (section)

==== Italy ====
{{Main article|Education in Italy}}
In [[Italy]], a state school system or education system has existed since 1859, two years before [[Unification of Italy|Italian unification]]).
Italy has a long history of universities: founded in 1088, the University of Bologna is the oldest university in the world and 5 out of 10 of the [[List of oldest universities in continuous operation|oldest universities]] are currently based in Italy.

The Italian school system is divided into three grades:

* Primary education (non-compulsory nursery school and elementary school)
* Secondary education (first grade (11–14) and second grade (14–19))
* Higher education (university (19+))

In Italy, there are three different types of schools and upper education:
* {{Lang|it|Pubbliche}} – public/state-owned school: completely free of charge for the entire compulsory school (until the age of 16). After that, for the last two years of high school, students have to pay a tax of €15.13/year.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tax and contribution to Public school in Italy |url = https://www.miur.gov.it/tasse-scolastiche/contributo |publisher=Ministero dell'Istruzione Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca |access-date=21 August 2020 |language=it-IT }}</ref> Public university is free of charge for lower income students and increases based on income. Each university chooses the maximum amount of tuition based on the student's income. 
* {{Lang|it|Paritarie}} – privately owned school that has signed an agreement with the [[Ministry of Education, University and Research|MIUR]] and that are included in the (Italian) National Education System. The government provides a specific grant for each student. Students usually have to pay a high fee for each year at the school. {{Lang|it|Paritarie}} schools are considered part of the educational system and students of those schools receive the same type of diploma and can access the same support (local school government) as the state-owned schools.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sapere la differenza tra le scuole paritarie e le scuole private |trans-title=Differences between Paritarie and private schools |url = https://www.miur.gov.it/sapere-la-differenza-tra-le-scuole-paritarie-e-le-scuole-private |publisher=Ministero dell'Istruzione Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca |access-date=21 August 2020|language=it-IT }}</ref>
* {{Lang|it|Non Paritarie}} – privately owned school not included in the National Education System. They do not receive government funds and students have to pass the final exams in a public or {{Lang|it|paritarie}} school in order to get a diploma.

Differently from other countries, in the Italian educational system, public schools statistically give students a better preparation compared to {{Lang|it|paritarie}} and private schools.<ref>{{cite web|title=OECD Analysis for private and public schools|url=https://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisaproducts/pisainfocus/48482894.pdf|website=www.oecd.org|access-date=21 August 2020|language=en-EN}}</ref>