Editing Supercell (section)

=== North America ===
[[Tornado Alley]] is a region of the central United States where severe weather is common, particularly tornadoes. Supercell thunderstorms occur more frequently in tornado alley and [[Dixie Alley]] than anywhere else in the world. [[Tornado watch]]es and [[Tornado warning|warnings]] are frequently necessary in the spring and summer. Most places from the [[Great Plains]] to the [[East Coast of the United States]] and north as far as the [[Canadian Prairies]], the [[Great Lakes region]], and the [[Saint Lawrence River|St. Lawrence River]] will experience one or more supercells each year.{{citation needed|date=May 2014}}

The [[1980 Grand Island tornado outbreak]] affected the city of [[Grand Island, Nebraska]] on June 3, 1980. Seven tornadoes touched down in or near the city that night, killing 5 and injuring 200.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.crh.noaa.gov/gid/?n=gi1980tornado |title=1980 Grand Island Tornadoes |publisher=Crh.noaa.gov |access-date=2014-05-21}}</ref>

The [[2007 Elie tornado|Elie, Manitoba tornado]] was an [[Fujita scale|F5]] that struck the town of [[Elie, Manitoba]] on June 22, 2007. While several houses were leveled, no one was injured or killed by the tornado.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://winnipegsun.com/News/Manitoba/2007/09/18/4506223.html|title=Manitoba - Elie tornado now Canada's first F5|date=25 July 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725103026/http://winnipegsun.com/News/Manitoba/2007/09/18/4506223.html|archive-date=25 July 2008}}</ref><ref name="tornado">[http://www.ec.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=714D9AAE-1&news=4B3DE57E-4967-4B09-98D6-EF974B32D6B5 Elie Tornado Upgraded to Highest Level on Damage Scale], Archived at: {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726210641/http://www.ec.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=714D9AAE-1&news=4B3DE57E-4967-4B09-98D6-EF974B32D6B5 |date=July 26, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ctv.ca:80/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20070622/tornado_070623?s_name=&no_ads= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709102709/http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20070622/tornado_070623?s_name=&no_ads= |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 July 2007 |title=Manitoba twister classified as extremely violent |date=9 July 2007 |access-date=31 March 2017 }}</ref>

The most intense tornado outbreaks on record, known as [[super outbreak]]s, have all occurred in the United States. The [[1974 Super Outbreak]] and [[2011 Super Outbreak]] each spawned over 10 violent tornadoes, killed over 300, and caused billions in damage, most of which can be attributed to tornado damage.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Grazulis |first1=Thomas P. |author1-link=Thomas P. Grazulis |title=Significant Tornadoes 1974–2022 |date=2023 |publisher=The Tornado Project |location=[[St. Johnsbury, Vermont]] |isbn=978-1-879362-01-7}}</ref>

A massive [[1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak|tornado outbreak]] on May 3, 1999 spawned an [[1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado|F5 tornado]] in the area of [[Oklahoma City]] that had the highest recorded winds on Earth.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cswr.org/dow/DOW.htm |title=Doppler On Wheels - Center for Severe Weather Research |website=cswr.org |access-date=24 January 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205124033/http://www.cswr.org/dow/dow.htm |archive-date=5 February 2007 }}</ref> Another series of tornadoes, which occurred in May 2013, caused severe devastation to Oklahoma City in general. From [[Tornado outbreak of May 18–21, 2013|May 18 to May 21]], a series of tornadoes hit, including [[2013 Moore tornado|a tornado]] which was later rated [[Enhanced Fujita scale|EF5]], which traveled across parts of the Oklahoma City area, causing a severe amount of damage in a heavily populated section of [[Moore, Oklahoma|Moore]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/oun/?n=events-20130520 |title=The Tornado Outbreak of May 20, 2013 |publisher=Srh.noaa.gov |access-date=2014-05-21}}</ref> Twenty-three fatalities and 377 injuries were caused by the tornado.<ref name="Deaths">{{cite news|date=November 20, 2013 |title=Victims Remembered 6 Months After May 20 Tornado |url=http://www.news9.com/story/24020267/victims-to-be-remembered-6-months-after-may-20-tornado |url-status=live |newspaper=news9.com |publisher=[[KWTV-DT]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140124210907/http://www.news9.com/story/24020267/victims-to-be-remembered-6-months-after-may-20-tornado |archive-date=January 24, 2014 |access-date=January 24, 2014 }}</ref><ref name="AFP">{{cite news|title=Obama offers solace in tornado-ravaged Oklahoma|url=http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/-/world/17335797/obama-travels-to-tornado-ravaged-oklahoma/|url-status=dead|agency=AFP|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630003045/http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/-/world/17335797/obama-travels-to-tornado-ravaged-oklahoma/|archive-date=June 30, 2013|access-date=May 27, 2013|date=May 27, 2013}}</ref> [[List of tornadoes in the tornado outbreak of May 18–21, 2013|Sixty-one other tornadoes]] were confirmed during the storm period. Later on in the same month, on the night of May 31, 2013, another eight deaths were confirmed from what became the [[2013 El Reno tornado|widest tornado on record]] which hit El Reno, Oklahoma, one of [[Tornado outbreak of May 26–31, 2013|a series of tornadoes]] and [[funnel cloud]]s which hit nearby areas.<ref>{{cite web|work=National Weather Service Office in Norman, Oklahoma|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=July 28, 2014|access-date=June 14, 2015|title=Central Oklahoma Tornadoes and Flash Flooding – May 31, 2013|url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/oun/?n=events-20130531}}</ref>

In [[Mexico]], the tallest non-tropical thunderstorm on record occurred as a high-topped supercell near [[Nueva Rosita]], [[Coahuila]] on May 24, 2016. This storm was recorded at a height of {{cvt|68000|ft|mi km}} and produced lightning as far away as {{cvt|50–60|mi|km}} from the center.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://weather.com/news/weather/news/thunderstorm-cruising-altitude-commercial-aircraft |title=Supercell Thunderstorm Towers Nearly 70,000 Feet, About Twice the Cruising Altitude of Commercial Planes |first1=Jonathan |last1=Belles |date=24 May 2016 |access-date=7 September 2024 |publisher=[[The Weather Channel]] }}</ref>