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====Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)==== Recent studies have shown that [[Sudden infant death syndrome|SIDS]] infants show decreased levels of ChAT in both the [[hypothalamus]] and the [[striatum]].<ref name="choline acetyltransferase 1 and 4" /> SIDS infants also display fewer neurons capable of producing ChAT in the vagus system.<ref name="choline acetyltransferase 8">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mallard C, Tolcos M, Leditschke J, Campbell P, Rees S | title = Reduction in choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity but not muscarinic-m2 receptor immunoreactivity in the brainstem of SIDS infants | journal = Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology | volume = 58 | issue = 3 | pages = 255β64 | date = Mar 1999 | pmid = 10197817 | doi = 10.1097/00005072-199903000-00005 | doi-access = free }}</ref> These defects in the medulla could lead to an inability to control essential [[Autonomic function|autonomic]] functions such as the [[cardiovascular]] and [[respiratory]] systems.<ref name="choline acetyltransferase 8"/>
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