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Weather forecasting
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===Military applications=== ====United Kingdom==== The British [[Royal Navy]], working with the [[Met Office]], has its own specialist branch of weather observers and forecasters, as part of the Hydrographic and Meteorological (HM) specialisation, who monitor and forecast operational conditions across the globe, to provide accurate and timely weather and oceanographic information to submarines, ships and [[Fleet Air Arm]] aircraft. A mobile unit in the [[Royal Air Force]], working with the Met Office, forecasts the weather for regions in which British and allied armed forces are deployed. A group based at [[Camp Shorabak|Camp Bastion]] used to provide forecasts for the [[Operation Herrick|British armed forces in Afghanistan]].<ref>[[Met Office]]. [https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/weather-forecasting-for-military-operations "Weather forecasting for military operations"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012094709/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/weather-forecasting-for-military-operations |date=October 12, 2017 }}. Retrieved October 23, 2012.</ref> ====United States==== [[File:Npmoc.gif|thumb|right|The emblem of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC).]] Similar to the private sector, military weather forecasters present weather conditions to the war fighter community. Military weather forecasters provide pre-flight and in-flight weather briefs to pilots and provide real time resource protection services for military installations. Naval forecasters cover the waters and ship weather forecasts. The [[United States Navy]] provides a special service for itself and the rest of the federal government by issuing forecasts for tropical cyclones across the Pacific and Indian Oceans through its [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]].<ref>[[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061208162203/http://metocph.nmci.navy.mil/jtwc/menu/JTWC_mission.html "Joint Typhoon Warning Center Mission Statement"]. Retrieved May 27, 2008.</ref> Within the United States, the [[557th Weather Wing]] provides weather forecasting for the Air Force and the Army. [[United States Air Force|Air Force]] forecasters cover air operations in both wartime and peacetime and provide [[United States Army|Army]] support;<ref>[[United States Air Force]].[https://web.archive.org/web/20070714070133/http://www.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?fsID=157 "Air Force Weather Agency"]. Retrieved May 26, 2008.</ref> [[United States Coast Guard]] marine science technicians provide ship forecasts for ice breakers and various other operations within their realm;<ref>[[United States Military]]. [https://www.usmilitary.com/coastguardenlistedoccupations.html#engineeringscienceandtechnical "US Coast Guard Jobs β Enlisted Occupations"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312201542/http://www.usmilitary.com/coastguardenlistedoccupations.html#engineeringscienceandtechnical |date=March 12, 2016 }}. Retrieved May 26, 2008.</ref> and Marine forecasters provide support for ground- and air-based [[United States Marine Corps]] operations.<ref>Rod Powers. [https://www.thebalance.com/field-meteorology-oceanography-3345698 "United States Marine Corps Enlisted Job Descriptions and Qualification Factors: Field 68 β Meteorology and Oceanography (METOC)"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806102458/https://www.thebalance.com/field-meteorology-oceanography-3345698 |date=August 6, 2017 }}. Retrieved 2008-05-26.<!-- as of October 11, 2017, Updated August 13, 2016--></ref> All four of the mentioned military branches have their initial enlisted meteorology technical training at [[Keesler Air Force Base]].<ref>[[Keesler Air Force Base]]. Military officers usually received their education from a civilian institution. [http://www.keesler.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-061113-086.pdf "Keesler News: March 9, 2006"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080910142826/http://www.keesler.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-061113-086.pdf |date=September 10, 2008 }}. [[United States Air Force]] Retrieved May 26, 2008.</ref> Military and civilian forecasters actively cooperate in analyzing, creating and critiquing weather forecast products.
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