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Apollo
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===Etruscan and Roman temples=== *[[Veii]] ([[Etruria]]): The temple of Apollo was built in the late 6th century BC, indicating the spread of Apollo's culture (Aplu) in Etruria. There was a prostyle porch, which is called [[Tuscan order|Tuscan]], and a triple cella 18.50 m wide.<ref name="Robertson pp. 200-201">Robertson pp. 200–201</ref> *[[Falerii Veteres]] ([[Etruria]]): A temple of Apollo was built probably in the 4th–3rd century BC. Parts of a terracotta capital, and a terracotta base have been found. It seems that the Etruscan columns were derived from the archaic Doric.<ref name="Robertson pp. 200-201"/> A cult of [[Soranus (mythology)|Apollo Soranus]] is attested by one inscription found near Falerii.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0006:entry=falerii-veteres Perseus tufts: Falerii Veteres]</ref> [[File:Pompeii Regio 07 Insula 07 Temple of Apollo plan 01.jpg|thumb|left|Plan of the [[Temple of Apollo (Pompeii)]]]] *[[Pompeii]] (Italy): The cult of Apollo was widespread in the region of Campania since the 6th century BC. The temple was built in 120 BC, but its beginnings lie in the 6th century BC. It was reconstructed after an earthquake in AD 63. It demonstrates a mixing of styles which formed the basis of Roman architecture. The columns in front of the cella formed a [[Tuscan order|Tuscan]] prostyle porch, and the cella is situated unusually far back. The peripteral colonnade of 48 [[Ionic order|Ionic]] columns was placed in such a way that the emphasis was given to the front side.<ref>Davidson CSA :[http://sites.davidson.edu/csa/the-temple-of-apollo-at-pompeii-a-mishmash-of-architecture/ Temple of Apollo, Pompeii] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106221543/http://sites.davidson.edu/csa/the-temple-of-apollo-at-pompeii-a-mishmash-of-architecture/ |date=6 January 2015 }}</ref> [[File:Roma-tempio di apollo.jpg|thumb|upright|Temple of Apollo Sosianus, Rome]] * Rome: The [[temple of Apollo Sosianus]] and the ''temple of Apollo Medicus''. The first temple building dates to 431 BC, and was dedicated to Apollo Medicus (the doctor), after a plague of 433 BC.<ref>[http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/livy/liv.4.shtml#25 Livy 4.25]</ref> It was rebuilt by [[Gaius Sosius]], probably in 34 BC. Only three columns with [[Corinthian order|Corinthian]] capitals exist today. It seems that the cult of Apollo had existed in this area since at least to the mid-5th century BC.<ref>[http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/livy/liv.34.shtml#43 Livy 34.43]</ref> *Rome: The [[temple of Apollo Palatinus]] was located on the Palatine hill within the sacred boundary of the city. It was dedicated by [[Augustus]] in 28 BC. The façade of the original temple was [[Ionic order|Ionic]] and it was constructed from solid blocks of marble. Many famous statues by Greek masters were on display in and around the temple, including a marble statue of the god at the entrance and a statue of Apollo in the cella.<ref>[https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Places/Europe/Italy/Lazio/Roma/Rome/_Texts/PLATOP*/Aedes_Apollinis_Palatini.html A topographical dictionary of Ancient Rome]</ref> *[[Melite (ancient city)|Melite]] (modern [[Mdina]], Malta): A [[Temple of Apollo (Melite)|Temple of Apollo]] was built in the city in the 2nd century AD. Its remains were discovered in the 18th century, and many of its architectural fragments were dispersed among private collections or reworked into new sculptures. Parts of the temple's podium were rediscovered in 2002.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Testa|first1=Michael|title=New find at Mdina most important so far in old capital|url=http://www.maltamigration.com/news/times93020.shtml|work=[[Times of Malta]]|date=19 March 2002|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413115810/http://www.maltamigration.com/news/times93020.shtml |archive-date=13 April 2016}}</ref>
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