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Botulinum toxin
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===Brand names=== {{Globalize|article|USA|2name=the United States|date=April 2017}} Commercial forms are marketed under the brand names Botox (onabotulinumtoxinA),<ref name="Botox FDA label" /><ref name="FDA Botulinum">{{cite web |title=OnabotulinumtoxinA (marketed as Botox/Botox Cosmetic), AbobotulinumtoxinA (marketed as Dysport) and RimabotulinumtoxinB (marketed as Myobloc) Information |publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) |date=3 November 2018 |url=https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/onabotulinumtoxina-marketed-botoxbotox-cosmetic-abobotulinumtoxina-marketed-dysport-and |access-date=18 December 2022 |archive-date=18 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221218020508/https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/onabotulinumtoxina-marketed-botoxbotox-cosmetic-abobotulinumtoxina-marketed-dysport-and |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Botulinum Toxin Type A Product Approval Information - Licensing Action 4/12/02 |publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) |date=9 February 2009 |url=https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DevelopmentApprovalProcess/HowDrugsareDevelopedandApproved/ApprovalApplications/TherapeuticBiologicApplications/ucm080509.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113111252/https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DevelopmentApprovalProcess/HowDrugsareDevelopedandApproved/ApprovalApplications/TherapeuticBiologicApplications/ucm080509.htm |archive-date=13 January 2017 |url-status=dead |access-date=18 December 2022}}</ref> Dysport/Azzalure (abobotulinumtoxinA),<ref name="FDA Botulinum" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Drug Approval Package: Dysport (abobotulinumtoxin) NDA #125274s000 |publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) |date=17 August 2011 |url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2009/125274s000_dysport_toc.cfm |access-date=23 November 2019 |archive-date=24 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191124011534/https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2009/125274s000_dysport_toc.cfm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Letybo (letibotulinumtoxinA),<ref name="Letybo FDA label" /><ref name="Letybo APMDS">{{Cite web |url=https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/auspmd/letybo |title=Letybo | Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) |access-date=18 December 2022 |archive-date=18 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221218020505/https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/auspmd/letybo |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |title=Hugel's 'Letybo' First in Korea to Obtain Marketing Approval from Australia |website=Hugel |via=PR Newswire |date=24 November 2022 |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/hugels-letybo-first-in-korea-to-obtain-marketing-approval-from-australia-301686683.html |access-date=18 December 2022 |archive-date=18 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221218020505/https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/hugels-letybo-first-in-korea-to-obtain-marketing-approval-from-australia-301686683.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Myobloc (rimabotulinumtoxinB),<ref name="Myobloc FDA label" /><ref name="FDA Botulinum" /> Xeomin/Bocouture (incobotulinumtoxinA),<ref>{{cite web |title=Drug Approval Package: Xeomin (incobotulinumtoxinA) Injection NDA #125360 |publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) |date=24 December 1999 |url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2010/125360s0000TOC.cfm |access-date=23 November 2019 |archive-date=27 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727030043/https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2010/125360s0000TOC.cfm |url-status=dead }}</ref> and Jeuveau (prabotulinumtoxinA).<ref>{{cite web |title=Drug Approval Package: Jeuveau |publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) |date=5 March 2019 |url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2019/761085Orig1s000TOC.cfm |access-date=22 November 2019 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123073132/https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2019/761085Orig1s000TOC.cfm |archive-date=23 November 2019}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref name="Krause_2019">{{cite web |url=https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/jeuveau-newtox-injections-for-wrinkles |title=Jeuveau, The Most Affordable Wrinkle Injectable |vauthors=Krause R |date=10 June 2019 |website=refinery29.com |access-date=9 July 2019 |archive-date=18 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318023749/https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/jeuveau-newtox-injections-for-wrinkles |url-status=live }}</ref> Botulinum toxin A is sold under the brand names Jeuveau, Botox, and Xeomin. Botulinum toxin B is sold under the brand name Myobloc.<ref name="Myobloc FDA label" /> In the United States, botulinum toxin products are manufactured by a variety of companies, for both therapeutic and cosmetic use. A US supplier reported in its company materials in 2011 that it could "supply the world's requirements for 25 [[indication (medicine)|indications]] approved by Government agencies around the world" with less than one gram of raw botulinum toxin.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allergan.com/assets/pdf/2011AnnualReport.pdf |title=2011 Allergan Annual Report |publisher=[[Allergan]] |access-date=3 May 2012 |archive-date=15 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121115061406/http://www.allergan.com/assets/pdf/2011AnnualReport.pdf |url-status=live }} See PDF p. 7.</ref> Myobloc or Neurobloc, a botulinum toxin type B product, is produced by Solstice Neurosciences, a subsidiary of US WorldMeds. AbobotulinumtoxinA), a therapeutic formulation of the type A toxin manufactured by [[Galderma]] in the United Kingdom, is licensed for the treatment of focal dystonias and certain cosmetic uses in the US and other countries.<ref name=FDA09hc>{{cite web |title=Information for Healthcare Professionals: OnabotulinumtoxinA (marketed as Botox/Botox Cosmetic), AbobotulinumtoxinA (marketed as Dysport) and RimabotulinumtoxinB (marketed as Myobloc) |publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) |date=13 September 2015 |url=https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/DrugSafetyInformationforHeathcareProfessionals/ucm174949.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913185039/https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/DrugSafetyInformationforHeathcareProfessionals/ucm174949.htm |archive-date=13 September 2015 |url-status=dead |access-date=1 September 2015}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> LetibotulinumtoxinA (Letybo) was approved for medical use in the United States in February 2024.<ref name="Letybo FDA label" /> Besides the three primary US manufacturers, numerous other botulinum toxin producers are known. Xeomin, manufactured in Germany by [[Merz Pharma|Merz]], is also available for both therapeutic and cosmetic use in the US.<ref name="Available Neurotoxins">{{cite journal |vauthors = Walker TJ, Dayan SH |title = Comparison and overview of currently available neurotoxins |journal = The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology |volume = 7 |issue = 2 |pages = 31β39 |date = February 2014 |pmid = 24587850 |pmc = 3935649 }}</ref> Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products in China manufactures a botulinum toxin type-A product; as of 2014, it was the only botulinum toxin type-A approved in China.<ref name="Available Neurotoxins" /> Botulinum toxin type-A is also sold as Lantox and Prosigne on the global market.<ref>{{cite web |title=Botulinum Toxin Type A |publisher=Hugh Source (International) Limited |url=http://www.btxa.com/ |access-date=14 July 2010 |archive-date=24 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724102749/http://www.btxa.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Neuronox, a botulinum toxin type-A product, was introduced by Medy-Tox of South Korea in 2009.<ref>{{cite news |vauthors=Petrou I |date=Spring 2009 |title=Medy-Tox Introduces Neuronox to the Botulinum Toxin Arena |newspaper=The European Aesthetic Guide |url=http://www.miinews.com/pdf/MedyTox_Ed_EAGsp09v2_022809.pdf |access-date=9 December 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130320010107/http://www.miinews.com/pdf/MedyTox_Ed_EAGsp09v2_022809.pdf |archive-date=20 March 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
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