Editing Closed captioning (section)

=== Online video streaming ===
Internet video streaming service [[YouTube]] offers captioning services in videos. The author of the video can upload a SubViewer (*.SUB), [[SubRip]] (*.SRT) or *.SBV file.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://support.google.com/drive/answer/1372218|title=Add caption tracks to your video files|website=Google Support}}</ref> As a beta feature, the site also added the ability to automatically transcribe and generate captioning on videos, with varying degrees of success based upon the content of the video.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://youtube-global.blogspot.com/2010/03/future-will-be-captioned-improving.html|title=Official YouTube Blog: The Future Will Be Captioned: Improving Accessibility on YouTube|work=Official YouTube Blog}}</ref> However, on August 30, 2020, the company announced that communal captions will end on September 28.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lyons|first=Kim|title=YouTube is ending its community captions feature and deaf creators aren't happy about it|url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/7/31/21349401/youtube-community-captions-deaf-creators-accessibility-google|website=The Verge|date=31 July 2020}}</ref> The automatic captioning is often inaccurate on videos with background music or exaggerated emotion in speaking. Variations in volume can also result in nonsensical machine-generated captions. Additional problems arise with strong accents, [[sarcasm]], differing contexts, or [[homonym]]s.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Nam |first=Tammy H. |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2014/06/why-tv-captions-are-so-terrible/373283/ |title=The Sorry State of Closed Captioning |magazine=[[The Atlantic]] |date=June 24, 2014 |access-date=December 23, 2015}}</ref>

On June 30, 2010, YouTube announced a new "YouTube Ready" designation for professional caption vendors in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://youtube-global.blogspot.com/2010/06/professional-caption-services-get.html|title=Official YouTube Blog: Professional caption services get "YouTube Ready"|work=Official YouTube Blog}}</ref> The initial list included twelve companies who passed a caption quality evaluation administered by the Described and Captioned Media Project, have a website and a YouTube channel where customers can learn more about their services and have agreed to post rates for the range of services that they offer for YouTube content.

[[Flash video]] also supports captions using the Distribution Exchange profile (DFXP) of W3C [[timed text]] format. The latest Flash authoring software adds free player skins and caption components that enable viewers to turn captions on/off during playback from a web page. Previous versions of Flash relied on the Captionate 3rd party component and skin to caption Flash video. Custom Flash players designed in Flex can be tailored to support the timed-text exchange profile, Captionate [[.XML]], or [[SAMI]] file (e.g. [[Hulu]] captioning). This is the preferred method for most [[United States|US]] broadcast and cable networks that are mandated by the U.S. [[Federal Communications Commission]] to provide captioned on-demand content. The media encoding firms generally use software such as [[Telestream|MacCaption]] to convert [[EIA-608]] captions to this format. The [[Silverlight]] Media Framework<ref>{{cite web|url=http://smf.codeplex.com/|title=Microsoft Media Platform: Player Framework|work=CodePlex|access-date=2011-05-15|archive-date=2011-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423185530/http://smf.codeplex.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> also includes support for the timed-text exchange profile for both download and adaptive streaming media.

[[Windows Media Video]] can support closed captions for both video on demand streaming or live streaming scenarios. Typically, Windows Media captions support the [[SAMI]] file format but can also carry embedded closed caption data.

EBU-TT-D distribution format supports multiple players across multiple platforms.

QuickTime video supports raw [[EIA-608]] caption data via proprietary closed caption track, which are just [[EIA-608]] byte pairs wrapped in a [[QuickTime]] packet container with different IDs for both Line 21 fields. These captions can be turned on and off and appear in the same style as TV closed captions, with all the standard formatting (pop-on, roll-up, paint-on), and can be positioned and split anywhere on the video screen. QuickTime closed caption tracks can be viewed in [[macOS]] or [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] versions of [[QuickTime]] Player, [[iTunes]] (via QuickTime), [[iPod Nano]], [[iPod Classic]], [[iPod Touch]], [[iPhone]], and [[iPad]].

Typical modern browsers, such as [[Microsoft Edge|Edge]] and [[Google Chrome|Chrome]], and/or typical modern operating systems, such as [[iOS 12]]+, [[Android 10]]+, [[Windows 10]]+, may manage the CC subtitle style.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Change caption settings - Microsoft Support |url=https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/change-caption-settings-135c465b-8cfd-3bac-9baf-4af74bc0069a |access-date=2024-10-08 |website=support.microsoft.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch videos with subtitles and closed captions on iPhone |url=https://support.apple.com/en-gb/guide/iphone/iph3e2e23d1/12.0/ios/12.0 |access-date=2024-10-08 |website=Apple Support |language=en}}</ref>