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Cosmic inflation
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===Inflation and string cosmology=== The discovery of [[Compactification (physics)#Flux compactification|flux compactification]]s opened the way for reconciling inflation and string theory.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kachru|first=Shamit|display-authors=etal|date=2003|title=Towards inflation in string theory|journal=[[Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics]]|volume=2003|issue=10|pages=013|arxiv=hep-th/0308055|bibcode=2003JCAP...10..013K|citeseerx=10.1.1.264.3396|doi=10.1088/1475-7516/2003/10/013|s2cid=5951592}}</ref> ''Brane inflation'' suggests that inflation arises from the motion of [[D-brane]]s<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Dvali|first1=Gia|last2=Henry Tye|first2=S. -H.|year=1998|title=Brane Inflation|journal=[[Physics Letters B]]|volume=450|issue=1999|pages=72–82|arxiv=hep-ph/9812483|bibcode=1999PhLB..450...72D|doi=10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00132-X|s2cid=118930228}}</ref> in the compactified geometry, usually towards a stack of anti-D-branes. This theory, governed by the ''Dirac–Born–Infeld action'', is different from ordinary inflation. The dynamics are not completely understood. It appears that special conditions are necessary since inflation occurs in tunneling between two vacua in the [[string landscape]]. The process of tunneling between two vacua is a form of old inflation, but new inflation must then occur by some other mechanism.
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