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International Phonetic Alphabet
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==== Boundary markers ==== There are three boundary markers: {{angbr IPA|.}} for a syllable break, {{angbr IPA|<nowiki>|</nowiki>}} for a minor prosodic break and {{angbr IPA|‖}} for a major prosodic break. The tags 'minor' and 'major' are intentionally ambiguous. Depending on need, 'minor' may vary from a [[foot (prosody)|foot]] break to a break in list-intonation to a continuing–prosodic unit boundary (equivalent to a comma), and while 'major' is often any intonation break, it may be restricted to a final–prosodic unit boundary (equivalent to a period). The 'major' symbol may also be doubled, {{angbr IPA|‖‖}}, for a stronger break.{{NoteTag|Russian and Lithuanian sources and commonly use the character {{unichar|2E3D|VERTICAL SIX DOTS}} for a less-than-minor break, such as the slight break in list intonation (e.g. the very slight break between digits in a telephone number). {{unichar|2E3E|WIGGLY VERTICAL LINE}} is used for an unexpected interruption in or a sharp change of intonation.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Ž. V. |last=Ganiev |year=2012 |title=Sovremennyj ruskij jazyk |publisher=Flinta/Nauka |isbn=9785976510449}}</ref>}} Although not part of the IPA, the following additional boundary markers are often used in conjunction with the IPA: {{angbr IPA|μ}} for a [[mora (linguistics)|mora]] or mora boundary, {{angbr IPA|σ}} for a syllable or syllable boundary, {{angbr IPA|+}} for a morpheme boundary, {{angbr IPA|#}} for a word boundary (may be doubled, {{angbr IPA|##}}, for e.g. a breath-group boundary),<ref>{{Cite book |last=Evans |first=Nicholas |author-link=Nicholas Evans (linguist) |title=A grammar of Kayardild: with historical-comparative notes on Tangkic |publisher=Mouton de Gruyter |year=1995 |isbn=978-3-11-012795-9 |series=Mouton Grammar Library}}</ref> {{angbr IPA|$}} for a phrase or intermediate boundary and {{angbr IPA|%}} for a prosodic boundary. For example, C# is a word-final consonant, %V a post-[[pausa]] vowel, and σC a syllable-initial consonant.
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