Editing Light-emitting diode (section)

===Lighting===
{{main|LED lamp}}
With the development of high-efficiency and high-power LEDs, it has become possible to use LEDs in lighting and illumination. To encourage the shift to [[LED lamp]]s and other high-efficiency lighting, in 2008 the [[US Department of Energy]] created the [[L Prize]] competition. The [[Philips]] Lighting North America LED bulb won the first competition on August 3, 2011, after successfully completing 18 months of intensive field, lab, and product testing.<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20080926010013/http://www.lightingprize.org/ "L-Prize U.S. Department of Energy"]}}, L-Prize Website, August 3, 2011</ref>

Efficient lighting is needed for [[sustainable architecture]]. As of 2011, some LED bulbs provide up to 150&nbsp;lm/W and even inexpensive low-end models typically exceed 50&nbsp;lm/W, so that a 6-watt LED could achieve the same results as a standard 40-watt incandescent bulb. The lower heat output of LEDs also reduces demand on [[air conditioning]] systems. Worldwide, LEDs are rapidly adopted to displace less effective sources such as [[incandescent light bulb|incandescent lamps]] and [[compact fluorescent lamp|CFLs]] and reduce electrical energy consumption and its associated emissions. Solar powered LEDs are used as [[street light]]s and in [[Architectural lighting design|architectural lighting]].

The mechanical robustness and long lifetime are used in [[automotive lighting]] on cars, motorcycles, and [[Bicycle lighting#LEDs|bicycle lights]]. [[LED street light]]s are employed on poles and in parking garages. In 2007, the Italian village of [[Torraca]] was the first place to convert its street lighting to LEDs.<ref>[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=led-there-be-light LED There Be Light], Scientific American, March 18, 2009</ref>

Cabin lighting on recent{{when|date=October 2022}} [[Airbus]] and [[Boeing]] jetliners uses LED lighting. LEDs are also being used in airport and heliport lighting. LED airport fixtures currently include medium-intensity runway lights, runway centerline lights, taxiway centerline and edge lights, guidance signs, and obstruction lighting.

LEDs are also used as a light source for [[Digital Light Processing|DLP]] projectors, and to [[backlight]] newer [[Liquid crystal display|LCD]] television (referred to as [[LED-backlit LCD display|LED TV]]), computer monitor (including [[laptop]]) and handheld device LCDs, succeeding older [[CCFL]]-backlit LCDs although being superseded by [[OLED]] screens. RGB LEDs raise the color gamut by as much as 45%. Screens for TV and computer displays can be made thinner using LEDs for backlighting.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/24/business/yourmoney/24novel.html |url-access=subscription |newspaper=New York Times|title=In Pursuit of Perfect TV Color, With L.E.D.'s and Lasers|date=June 24, 2007|first=Anne|last=Eisenberg|access-date=April 4, 2010}}</ref>

LEDs are small, durable and need little power, so they are used in handheld devices such as [[flashlight]]s. LED [[strobe light]]s or [[camera flash]]es operate at a safe, low voltage, instead of the 250+ volts commonly found in [[xenon]] flashlamp-based lighting. This is especially useful in cameras on [[mobile phone]]s, where space is at a premium and bulky voltage-raising circuitry is undesirable.

LEDs are used for infrared illumination in [[night vision]] uses including [[security camera]]s. A ring of LEDs around a [[video camera]], aimed forward into a [[retroreflective]] [[Projection screen|background]], allows [[chroma keying]] in [[video production]]s.

[[File:LED for mines.jpg|thumb|LED for miners, to increase visibility inside mines]]

[[File:Los Angeles Bridge.jpg|thumb|Los Angeles [[Vincent Thomas Bridge]] illuminated with blue LEDs]]

LEDs are used in [[mining]] operations, as [[cap lamp]]s to provide light for miners. Research has been done to improve LEDs for mining, to reduce glare and to increase illumination, reducing risk of injury to the miners.<ref>{{Cite journal | url = https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-192/ | title = CDC – NIOSH Publications and Products – Impact: NIOSH Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Cap Lamp Improves Illumination and Decreases Injury Risk for Underground Miners | publisher = cdc.gov | access-date=May 3, 2013| doi = 10.26616/NIOSHPUB2011192 | year = 2011 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

LEDs are increasingly finding uses in medical and educational applications, for example as mood enhancement.<ref>{{cite news |last=Janeway |first=Kimberly |url=https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/news/2014/12/led-lightbulbs-that-promise-to-help-you-sleep/index.htm |title=LED lightbulbs that promise to help you sleep |work=Consumer Reports |date=2014-12-12 |access-date=2018-05-10}}</ref> [[NASA]] has even sponsored research for the use of LEDs to promote health for astronauts.<ref>{{cite press release | url=http://www.sti.nasa.gov/tto/Spinoff2008/hm_3.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013083802/http://www.sti.nasa.gov/tto/Spinoff2008/hm_3.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=October 13, 2008 | title=LED Device Illuminates New Path to Healing | publisher=nasa.gov | access-date=January 30, 2012}}</ref>