Editing Partition coefficient (section)

==Octanol-water partition coefficient==
{{main|Octanol-water partition coefficient}}

The partition coefficient between [[1-Octanol|''n''-Octanol]] and [[water]] is known as the '''''n''-octanol-water partition coefficient''', or ''K''<sub>ow</sub>.<ref>{{Cite book| vauthors = Sangster J |title=Octanol-water partition coefficients : fundamentals and physical chemistry|date=1997|publisher=Wiley|isbn=0-471-97397-1|location=Chichester|oclc=36430034}}</ref> It is also frequently referred to by the symbol P, especially in the English literature. It is also known as '''''n''-octanol-water partition ratio'''.<ref>{{Cite book| last1= Mackay |first1=D |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1182869019|title=Multimedia Environmental Models: The Fugacity Approach |publisher=CRC Press |date=2021|first2=J. Mark |last2=Parnis|isbn=978-1-000-09499-2|edition=Third|location=Boca Raton, FL|oclc=1182869019|author-link=Donald Mackay (scientist)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = Hodges G, Eadsforth C, Bossuyt B, Bouvy A, Enrici MH, Geurts M, Kotthoff M, Michie E, Miller D, Müller J, Oetter G | display-authors = 6 |date=2019|title=A comparison of log Kow (n-octanol–water partition coefficient) values for non-ionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants determined using predictions and experimental methods|journal=Environmental Sciences Europe|volume=31|issue=1|doi=10.1186/s12302-018-0176-7|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hendriks AJ, van der Linde A, Cornelissen G, Sijm DT | title = The power of size. 1. Rate constants and equilibrium ratios for accumulation of organic substances related to octanol-water partition ratio and species weight | journal = Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry | volume = 20 | issue = 7 | pages = 1399–420 | date = July 2001 | doi = 10.1002/etc.5620200703 | pmid = 11434281 | s2cid = 25971836 }}</ref>

''K''<sub>ow</sub>, being a type of partition coefficient, serves as a measure of the relationship between [[lipophilicity]] (fat solubility) and [[Hydrophile|hydrophilicity]] (water solubility) of a substance. The value is greater than one if a substance is more soluble in fat-like solvents such as n-octanol, and less than one if it is more soluble in water.{{Citation needed|date=June 2021}}<!-- Text from directly transferring relevant information from Octanol-water partition coefficient article, add ref if text sourced there -->

=== Example values ===
Values for log ''K''<sub>ow</sub> typically range between -3 (very hydrophilic) and +10 (extremely lipophilic/hydrophobic).<ref name="pmid31457869">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cumming H, Rücker C | title = Octanol-Water Partition Coefficient Measurement by a Simple <sup>1</sup>H NMR Method | journal = ACS Omega | volume = 2 | issue = 9 | pages = 6244–6249 | date = September 2017 | pmid = 31457869 | pmc = 6644330 | doi = 10.1021/acsomega.7b01102 }}</ref>

The values listed here<ref>{{Cite web|title= Dortmund Data Bank (DDB) |url= http://www.ddbst.com/ | work = Dortmund Data Bank Software & Separation Technology (DDBST) GmbH |access-date=2020-05-20}}</ref> are sorted by the partition coefficient. Acetamide is hydrophilic, and 2,2′,4,4′,5-Pentachlorobiphenyl is lipophilic.
{| class="wikitable centered" style="text-align:center"
|+
!Substance
!log ''K''<sub>OW</sub>
!T
!Reference
|-
|[[Acetamide]]
|−1.155
|25&nbsp;°C
|
|-
|[[Methanol]]
|−0.824
|19&nbsp;°C
|
|-
|[[Formic acid]]
|−0.413
|25&nbsp;°C
|
|-
|[[Diethyl ether]]
|0.833
|20&nbsp;°C
|
|-
|[[1,4-Dichlorobenzene|''p''-Dichlorobenzene]]
|3.370
|25&nbsp;°C
|
|-
|[[Hexamethylbenzene]]
|4.610
|25&nbsp;°C
|
|-
|2,2′,4,4′,5-[[Pentachlorobiphenyl]]
|6.410
|Ambient
|
|}