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Saudi Arabia
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=== Language === The official language is [[Arabic]].<ref name="CIA World Factbook">[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ Saudi Arabia]. ''[[The World Factbook]]''. [[Central Intelligence Agency]].</ref><ref name="BLG">{{cite web |title=Basic Law of Governance |url=https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |access-date=1 September 2020 |website=Ministry of Education |publisher=Ministry of Education โ Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |archive-date=5 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205091610/https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> There are four main regional dialect groups spoken by Saudis: [[Najdi Arabic|Najdi]] (about 14.6 million speakers<ref>[[:ethnologue:ars|Arabic, Najdi Spoken]]. Ethnologue</ref>), [[Hejazi Arabic|Hejazi]] (about 10.3 million speakers<ref>[[:ethnologue:acw|Arabic, Hijazi Spoken]]. Ethnologue</ref>), [[Gulf Arabic|Gulf]] (about 0.96 million speakers<ref>[[:ethnologue:afb|Arabic, Gulf Spoken]]. Ethnologue</ref>) including [[Bahrani Arabic|Baharna dialects]], and Southern Hejaz and Tihama<ref>{{cite book |last1=Prochazka |first1=Theodore |title=Saudi Arabian dialects |date=2015 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=9781138981294 |page=3 |edition=First issued in paperpack}}</ref> dialects. [[Faifi language|Faifi]] is spoken by about {{gaps|50|000}}. The [[Mehri language]] is also spoken by around {{gaps|20|000}} [[Mehri people|Mehri]] citizens.<ref>{{cite news |last1=ุงูุญูุฏุฑู |first1=ููุตู |title=20 ุฃูู ุณุนูุฏู ูุชุญุฏุซูู "ุงูู ูุฑูุฉ" |url=https://www.alwatan.com.sa/article/142226 |access-date=19 September 2022 |work=Watanksa |date=20 June 2012 |language=Arabic}}</ref> [[Saudi Sign Language]] is the principal language of the deaf community, amounting to around {{gaps|100|000}} speakers. The large expatriate communities also speak their own languages, the most numerous of which, according to 2018 data, are [[Bengali language|Bengali]] (~1 {{gaps|500|000}}), [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] (~{{gaps|900|000}}), [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (~{{gaps|800|000}}), [[Urdu]] (~{{gaps|740|000}}), [[Egyptian Arabic]] (~{{gaps|600|000}}), [[Rohingya language|Rohingya]], [[North Levantine Arabic]] (both ~{{gaps|500|000}})<ref>{{Cite web|title=Saudi Arabia|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/SA/status|access-date=2021-01-19|website=Ethnologue}}</ref> and [[Malayalam]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Basheer |first1=K P M |title=Market for Malayalam films unfolding in Saudi |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/cinema-returns-to-saudi-arabia/article21599013.ece |access-date=17 November 2021 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=14 September 2017}}</ref>
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