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Apollo 1
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=== Stars, landmarks on the Moon and Mars === * Apollo astronauts frequently aligned their spacecraft [[inertial navigation]] platforms and determined their positions relative to the Earth and Moon by sighting sets of stars with optical instruments. As a practical joke, the Apollo{{nbsp}}1 crew named three of the stars in the Apollo catalog after themselves and introduced them into NASA documentation. [[Gamma Cassiopeiae]] became ''Navi'' β Ivan (Gus Grissom's middle name) spelled backwards. [[Iota Ursae Majoris]] became ''Dnoces'' β "Second" spelled backwards, for Edward H. White II. And [[Gamma Velorum]] became ''Regor'' β Roger (Chaffee) spelled backwards. These names quickly stuck after the Apollo{{nbsp}}1 accident and were regularly used by later Apollo crews.<ref>{{cite web |year=2006 |editor-last=Jones |editor-first=Eric M. |title=Post-landing Activities |url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a15/a15.postland.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070802025232/http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a15/a15.postland.html |archive-date=August 2, 2007 |access-date=July 26, 2007 |website=Apollo 15 Lunar Surface Journal |publisher=NASA}} Section 105:11:33.</ref> * [[Lunar craters named for space explorers|Craters]] on the Moon and [[Apollo 1 Hills|hills]] on [[Mars]] are named after the three Apollo{{nbsp}}1 astronauts.
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