Editing Nokia (section)

== Controversies ==
=== NSN's provision of intercept capability to Iran ===
In 2008, [[Nokia Networks|Nokia Siemens Networks]], a joint venture between Nokia and [[Siemens]] AG, reportedly provided [[Iran]]'s monopoly telecom company with technology that allowed it to intercept the Internet communications of its citizens.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/8112550.stm|title=Hi-tech helps Iranian monitoring|last=Cellan-Jones|first=Rory|date=22 June 2009|work=BBC News|access-date=14 July 2009}}</ref> The technology reportedly allowed Iran to use [[deep packet inspection]] to read and change the content of emails, social media, and online phone calls. The technology "enables authorities to not only block communication but to monitor it to gather information about individuals, as well as alter it for disinformation purposes".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/irans-web-spying-aided-western-technology|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404124540/https://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/irans-web-spying-aided-western-technology|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 April 2019|title=Iran's Web Spying Aided By Western Technology|publisher=YaleGlobal Online|access-date=22 May 2017}}</ref>

During the [[2009 Iranian presidential election protests|post-election protests in Iran in June 2009]], Iran's Internet access was reported to have slowed to less than a tenth of its normal speeds, which experts suspected was due to using of deep packet inspection.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124562668777335653 |title=Iran's Web Spying Aided By Western Technology|last=Rhoads|first=Christopher|author2=Chao, Loretta |date=22 June 2009|work=The Wall Street Journal|pages=A1|access-date=14 July 2009}}</ref>

In July 2009, Nokia began to experience a [[boycott]] of their products and services in [[Iran]]. The boycott was led by consumers sympathetic to the post-election protest movement and targeted companies deemed to be collaborating with the regime. Demand for handsets fell and users began shunning [[SMS]] messaging.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jul/14/nokia-boycott-iran-election-protests|title=Iranian consumers boycott Nokia for 'collaboration'|last=Kamali Dehghan|first=Saeed|date=14 July 2009|work=The Guardian |access-date=27 July 2009 | location=London}}</ref>

Nokia Siemens Networks asserted in a press release that it provided Iran only with a "lawful intercept capability solely for monitoring of local voice calls" and that it "has not provided any deep packet inspection, web censorship, or Internet filtering capability to Iran".<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/global/Press/Press+releases/news-archive/Provision+of+Lawful+Intercept+capability+in+Iran.htm |title=Provision of Lawful Intercept capability in Iran |date=22 June 2009 |publisher=Nokia Siemens Networks |access-date=14 July 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090625174434/http://www.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/global/Press/Press+releases/news-archive/Provision+of+Lawful+Intercept+capability+in+Iran.htm |archive-date=25 June 2009 }}</ref>

=== Nokia–Apple patent dispute ===
In October 2009, Nokia filed a lawsuit against [[Apple Inc.]] in the [[United States District Court for the District of Delaware|U.S. District Court of Delaware]] claiming that Apple infringed on 10 of its patents related to wireless communication including data transfer.<ref name="Nokia-Apple">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSLDE60H05R20100118?type=marketsNews|title=SCENARIOS-What lies ahead in Nokia vs Apple legal battle|last=Virki|first=Tarmo|date=18 January 2010|agency=Reuters|access-date=25 January 2010}}</ref> Apple was quick to respond with a countersuit filed in December 2009 accusing Nokia of 11 patent infringements. Apple's general counsel, [[Bruce Sewell]] went a step further by stating, "Other companies must compete with us by inventing their own technologies, not just by stealing ours." This resulted in a legal battle between the two telecom majors with Nokia filing another suit, this time with the [[United States International Trade Commission|U.S. International Trade Commission]] (ITC), alleging Apple had infringed its patents in "virtually all of its mobile phones, portable music players and computers".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theandroid.in/nokias-new-patent-suit-against-apple/|title=The war of the Smartphones: Nokia's new patent suit against Apple|date=6 January 2010|work=Smartphone Reviews|access-date=25 January 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150709014240/http://www.theandroid.in/nokias-new-patent-suit-against-apple/|archive-date=9 July 2015}}</ref> Nokia went on to ask the court to ban all U.S. imports of the Apple products, including the [[iPhone]], [[Mac (computer)|Macintosh]] and [[iPod]]. Apple countersued by filing a complaint with the ITC in January 2010.<ref name="Nokia-Apple" />

In June 2011, Apple settled with Nokia and agreed to an estimated one time payment of $600 million and royalties to Nokia.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.informationweek.com/news/personal-tech/smart-phones/230600172|title=Nokia's Patent Settlement With Apple Won't Help Much|date=14 June 2011 |access-date=29 June 2011}}</ref> The two companies also agreed on a cross-licensing patents for some of their patented technologies.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/06/14/apple-nokia-patent-lawsuit-settlement_n_876499.html|title=Apple Settles With Nokia in Patent Lawsuit|date=14 June 2011|work=HuffPost|access-date=29 June 2011|first=Catharine|last=Smith}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-06-14/nokia-apple-payments-to-nokia-settle-all-litigation.html|title=Nokia Wins Apple Patent-License Deal Cash, Settles Lawsuits|date=14 June 2011|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|access-date=29 June 2011|first1=Diana|last1=ben-Aaron|first2=Kati|last2=Pohjanpalo}}</ref>

=== Alleged tax evasion in India ===
Nokia's Indian subsidiary was charged in January 2013 with non-payment of Indian [[Tax deduction at source|Tax Deducted at Source]] and transgressing [[transfer pricing]] norms in India.<ref>{{cite news|title=Income Tax department asks Nokia to pay Rs 13,000 crore|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/hardware/Income-Tax-department-asks-Nokia-to-pay-Rs-13000-crore/articleshow/18268748.cms|newspaper=The Economic Times|access-date=31 January 2013|date=31 January 2013}}<br />{{cite news|title=Nokia tax case: IT officials grill Price Waterhouse|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/info-tech/nokia-tax-case-it-officials-grill-price-waterhouse/article4312124.ece|newspaper=Business Line|access-date=31 January 2013|author=T. E. Raja Simhan|location=Chennai|date=16 January 2013}}</ref> The unpaid TDS of {{Indian Rupee|link=Indian rupee}}30&nbsp;billion, accrued during a course of six years, was due to royalty paid by the Indian subsidiary to its parent company.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nokia suspected of flouting transfer pricing rules too|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/info-tech/nokia-suspected-of-flouting-transfer-pricing-rules-too/article4360530.ece|newspaper=Business Line|access-date=31 January 2013}}</ref>

=== Nokia 7 Plus data breach ===
In March 2019, news broke that the company's [[Nokia 7 Plus]] phones were allegedly sending personal user data to [[China]] over several months. According to investigators, the gadget sent unencrypted data packages including geographical location, [[SIM card]] number, and the phone's serial number to an unidentified Chinese server every time that "the phone was turned on, the screen activated or unlocked."<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Norske telefoner sendte personopplysninger til Kina|url=https://nrkbeta.no/2019/03/21/norske-telefoner-sendte-personopplysninger-til-kina/|access-date=2020-09-18|website=NRKbeta|date=21 March 2019 }}</ref> The data was sufficient to follow the movements and actions of the phone in real time.<ref name=":1" />

Nokia brand owner [[HMD Global]] denied any such transfers had taken place, stating that it was instead the result of an error in the packing process of the phone's software.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranosa|first=Ted|date=2019-03-25|title=Nokia Says It Mistakenly Collected And Sent User Data To China|url=https://www.techtimes.com/articles/240231/20190325/nokia-says-it-mistakenly-collected-and-sent-user-data-to-china.htm|access-date=2020-09-18|website=Tech Times|language=en}}</ref> The Finnish Office of the Data Protection Ombudsman launched an investigation into the matter on the assumption "that personal data has been transferred."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Finland investigating Nokia for alleged GDPR violations|url=https://www.techspot.com/news/79308-finland-investigating-nokia-alleged-gdpr-violations.html|access-date=2020-09-18|website=TechSpot|date=21 March 2019 |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Xinjiang region ===
In 2020, the [[Australian Strategic Policy Institute]] accused at least 82 major brands, including Nokia, of being connected to forced [[Uyghurs|Uyghur]] labor in [[Xinjiang]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aspi.org.au/report/uyghurs-sale |title=Uyghurs for Sale |last1=Xu |first1=Vicky Xiuzhong |last2=Cave |first2=Danielle |last3=Leibold |first3=James |last4=Munro |first4=Kelsey |last5=Ruser |first5=Nathan |publisher=Australian Strategic Policy Institute |date=1 March 2020 |access-date=21 March 2022 |archive-date=24 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824215335/https://www.aspi.org.au/report/uyghurs-sale |url-status=dead }}</ref>