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Religious war
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===Nigerian conflict=== {{See also|Religious violence in Nigeria|Islamist insurgency in the Sahel}} Inter-ethnic conflict in Nigeria has generally had a religious element. Riots against Igbo in 1953 and in the 1960s in the north were said to have been sparked by religious conflict. The riots against Igbo in the north in 1966 were said to have been inspired by radio reports of mistreatment of Muslims in the south.<ref>{{cite book |editor = Alexander Laban Hilton |author=Kevin Lewis O'Neill|title= Genocide: truth, memory, and representation |publisher= [[Duke University Press]] |date=March 2009|isbn= 978-0-8223-4405-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JHnEI2m5tFIC&q=igbo+riots+1966+radio&pg=PA252}}</ref> A military coup d'Γ©tat led by lower and middle-ranking officers, some of them Igbo, overthrew the NPC-NCNC dominated government. Prime Minister Balewa along with other northern and western government officials were assassinated during the coup. The coup was considered an Igbo plot to overthrow the northern dominated government. A counter-coup was launched by mostly northern troops. Between June and July there was a mass exodus of Ibo from the north and west. Over 1.3 million Ibo fled the neighboring regions in order to escape persecution as anti-Ibo riots increased. The aftermath of the anti-Ibo riots led many to believe that security could only be gained by separating from the North.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,MARP,,NGA,,469f38c3467,0.html|title=Refworld - Chronology for Ibo in Nigeria|author=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|work=Refworld|access-date=20 October 2014}}</ref> In the 1980s, serious outbreaks between Christians and Muslims occurred in [[Kafanchan]] in southern [[Kaduna State]] in a border area between the two religions.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}} The [[2010 Jos riots]] saw clashes between Muslim herders against Christian farmers near the volatile city of [[Jos]], resulting in hundreds of casualties.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/2010/0308/Nigeria-violence-Muslim-Christian-clashes-kill-hundreds |title=Nigeria violence: Muslim-Christian clashes kill hundreds |publisher=CSMonitor.com |date=2010-03-08 |access-date=16 May 2010 |archive-date=11 March 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100311013249/http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/2010/0308/Nigeria-violence-Muslim-Christian-clashes-kill-hundreds |url-status=live }}</ref> Officials estimated that 500 people were massacred in night-time raids by rampaging Muslim gangs.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/africa/article7054630.ece | work=The Times | location=London | title=500 butchered in Nigeria killing fields | first1=Jonathan | last1=Clayton | first2=Ruth | last2=Gledhill | date=2010-03-08 | access-date=30 April 2010 | archive-date=30 August 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830150647/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/africa/article7054630.ece | url-status=dead }}</ref>
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