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Safed
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==Historic sites== [[File:PikiWiki Israel 60503 the scottish church in safed.jpg|thumb|Scottish church in Safed]] ;Citadel Hill The Citadel Hill, in Hebrew HaMetzuda, rises east of the Old City and is named after the huge Crusader and then Mamluk castle built there during the 12th and 13th centuries, which continued in use until being totally destroyed by the 1837 earthquake. Its ruins are still visible. On the western slope beneath the ruins stands the former British police station, still pockmarked by bullet holes from the 1948 war. ;Old Jewish Quarter [[File:RoyLindmanAbuhav1.jpg|thumb|[[Abuhav Synagogue]], one of the city's historic synagogues]] Before 1948, most of Safed's Jewish population used to live in the northern section of the old city. Currently home to 32 synagogues, it is also referred to as the synagogue quarter and includes synagogues named after prominent rabbis of the town: the [[Abuhav synagogue|Abuhav]], [[Moshe Alshich|Alsheich]], [[Joseph Karo|Karo]] and two named for Rabbi [[Isaac Luria]]: one [[Ari Ashkenazi Synagogue|Ashkenazi]], the other Sephardi. ;Mamluk-period buildings Further south are two monumental Mamluk-period buildings: * the Red Mosque with a khan (1276) * the Mamluk mausoleum, now used by [[freemasons]]. The mausoleum was built for a Mamluk ''na'ib'' (governor) of Safed, Muzaffar ad-Din Musa ibn Hajj al-Ruqtay Musa Muzaffar al-Din ibn Ruqtay al-Hajj, who died in AH 762/AD 1360β61).<ref name="Egypt">{{cite book |title=The Mamluks in Egyptian Politics and Society |editor1=Thomas Philipp |editor2=Ulrich Haarmann |year=1998 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |series=Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization |isbn=9780521591157 |url={{Google books |id=WoPF9T4ZiWsC |page=43 |plainurl=yes}} |access-date=24 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://go.galil.gov.il/en/the-red-kahn-and-the-mamluk-mausoleum|title=The Galilee Development Authority website|access-date=2018-01-24|archive-date=2018-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125015724/http://go.galil.gov.il/en/the-red-kahn-and-the-mamluk-mausoleum|url-status=dead}}</ref> Southeast of the Artists' Quarter is the [[Saray (building)|Saraya]], the fortified governor's residence built by Zahir al-Umar (1689/90β1775). A report about the "obliteration of non-Jewish historic sites in Safed" mentions a mausoleum, an ancient grave and an ancient mosque that was converted into a clubhouse.<ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-safed-s-non-jewish-treasures-face-disrespect-and-vandalism-1.9331349 Safedβs non-Jewish Treasures Face Disrespect and Vandalism] - ''Haaretz''</ref>
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