Editing Titanium (section)

===Industrial===
[[File:Titanium-stamps.jpg|thumb|Titanium [[seal (East Asia)|sealing stamps]]]]

Welded titanium pipe and process equipment (heat exchangers, tanks, process vessels, valves) are used in the chemical and petrochemical industries primarily for corrosion resistance. Specific alloys are used in oil and gas downhole applications and [[nickel]] [[hydrometallurgy]] for their high strength (e. g.: titanium beta C alloy), corrosion resistance, or both. The [[pulp and paper industry]] uses titanium in process equipment exposed to corrosive media, such as [[sodium hypochlorite]] or wet chlorine gas (in the bleachery).<ref>{{harvnb|Donachie|1988|pp=11–16}}</ref> Other applications include [[ultrasonic welding]], [[wave soldering]],<ref>{{cite book |title= Industrial Application of Titanium and Zirconium |publisher=[[ASTM International]] |editor= Kleefisch, E.W. |isbn= 978-0-8031-0745-8 |location= West Conshohocken, PA |year=1981 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cX2HK0osYA4C}}</ref> and [[sputtering]] targets.<ref>{{cite book |title=Handbook of Hard Coatings |publisher=William Andrew Inc. |chapter=chapter&nbsp;8 |editor=Bunshah, Rointan F. |isbn=978-0-8155-1438-1 |location=Norwich, NY |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=daamnz8el2sC&pg=PA413 |year=2001}}</ref>

Titanium tetrachloride (TiCl<sub>4</sub>), a colorless liquid, is important as an intermediate in the process of making TiO<sub>2</sub> and is also used to produce the Ziegler–Natta catalyst. Titanium tetrachloride is also used to iridize glass and, because it fumes strongly in moist air, it is used to make smoke screens.<ref name="Stwertka1998" />