Editing Chinese architecture (section)

==Regional variation==
Chinese architecture varied across regions. Several of the more notable regional styles include:

===Hui Style architecture===
{{Main|Hui Style architecture}}

===Shanxi architecture===
{{Main|Shanxi architecture}}
Shanxi preserves the oldest wooden structures in China from [[Tang dynasty]], including the [[Foguang Temple]] and [[Nanchan Temple]]. [[Yungang Grottoes]] in [[Datong]] and numerous Buddhist temples in the sacred [[Mount Wutai]] exemplify Chinese religious architecture. [[Shanxi Courtyard Houses|Shanxi family compounds]] are representative of [[vernacular architecture]] in North China. In the mountainous areas of Shanxi, ''[[yaodong]]'' is a type of [[earth shelter]] that is commonly found.
<gallery widths="180">
File:Yungang11 2010.JPG|Yungang Grottoes (云冈石窟), Datong (大同), China.
File:WutaiShanTaihuai.jpg|Temples in Mount Wutai (五台山)
File:Foguang temple.jpg|The Grand East Hall of the Foguang Temple (佛光寺东大殿), in Mount Wutai
File:Zunsheng Temple 11.JPG|Birdview of the Zunsheng Temple (尊胜寺) in Mount Wutai
File:晋祠圣母殿和鱼沼飞梁.jpg|Goddess Temple of Jinci (晋祠圣母殿), Taiyuan
File:PingYaoCityWall.jpg|Pingyao (平遥) City Wall
File:Pingyao marketstreet.jpg|A market street in Pingyao ancient city
File:崇福寺弥陀殿侧面.jpg|Mita Hall of Chongfu Temple (崇福寺), Shuozhou
File:Lingshi Jingsheng Wangjia Dayuan 2013.08.24 14-14-08.jpg|Wang Family Compound (王家大院), in Lingshi
File:Qiao Family Compound, Jinyiyuan.JPG|Qiao Family Compound (乔家大院), Jingyi Court in Qi County
File:常家庄园书院内 20130212.jpg|Chang Family Studies, Yuci
File:Cave houses shanxi 1.jpg|Yaodong (窑洞) in Lingshi (灵石) County, Shanxi
</gallery>

===Lingnan (Cantonese) architecture===
{{Main|Cantonese architecture}}
Classical [[Lingnan architecture]] is used primarily in [[Guangdong]] and the eastern half of [[Guangxi]]. It is noted for its use of carvings and sculptures for decorations, green brick, balconies, "Cold alleys", "Narrow doors", and many other characteristics adaptive to the [[subtropical]] region.
<gallery widths="180">
File:Ho Ancestral Hall A.jpg|The '''Ho Ancestral Hall''' in [[Panyu]], [[Guangzhou]]; Built in 14th century, it utilizes manner door – a second door behind the main one, which is related to Cantonese Feng shui culture.
File:The Chen Clan's Academy.jpg|[[Chen Clan Ancestral Hall|Chan Clan Academy]] in [[Guangzhou]] is often cited as a representative example of Lingnan architecture.
File:Chen Clan Academy 5.jpg|A cold alley in Chan Clan Academy; A "Narrow Door" leads to the next alley.
File:FSWongFeihungMusium.jpg|A monument in honor of the Cantonese folk hero [[Wong Fei-hung]], in [[Foshan]].
File:HK AberdeenTinHauTemple.JPG|Most [[Hongkongese]] are of Cantonese origin. Thus, Hong Kong naturally has a lot of buildings of classical Lingnan style. Pictured is a [[Mazu (Goddess)|Mazu]] temple in [[Shek Pai Wan]], Hong Kong.
</gallery>

===Minnan (Hokkien) architecture===
{{Main|Hokkien architecture}}
Minnan architecture, or [[Hokkien architecture]], refers to the architectural style of the [[Hoklo people]], the Han Chinese group who are the dominant demographic of [[Southern Fujian]] and [[Taiwan]]. This style is noted for its use of swallowtail roofs (heavily decorated upward-curving roof ridges) and "cut porcelain carving" for decorations.<ref>Hongyin, X. (2009). Research on the comparison of the Minnan new jiageng architecture [J]. Fujian Architecture & Construction, 5, 008.</ref> The swallowtail roof is a signature of Hokkien architecture, commonly used for religious buildings like shrines and temples, but also in dwellings. Hokkien architecture is dominated by decorations from carvings of natural elements like plants and animals, or figures from [[Chinese mythology]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=says|first=Roberta|date=2021-07-24|title=Hokkien Architecture in Guangdong|url=https://architectureontheroad.com/hokkien-style-architecture-in-guangdong/|access-date=2021-11-24|website=ARCHITECTURE ON THE ROAD|language=en-US}}</ref>
<gallery widths="180">
File:Xiamen Nanputuo 20120226-05 (cropped).jpg|[[Nanputuo Temple]], [[Xiamen]]
File:Nanfeng Ancestral Temple 11 2013-09.JPG|Cut porcelain carving decorations above the main door of Nanfeng Ancestral Temple.
File:Singang Fengtian Temple 20081012.jpg|A [[Mazu (Goddess)|Mazu]] temple in [[Chiayi City]], Taiwan.
File:鎮福社.JPG|A shrine for [[Tudigong]], a Taoist earth deity, in [[Kaohsiung]], Taiwan; It is an example of a less garish swallowtail roof.
File:Thian Hock Keng Temple - entrance.jpg|Front entrance of [[Thian Hock Keng Temple]], Singapore.
</gallery>

===Teochew architecture===
Teochew architectural is the architectural style of the [[Teochew people]], who come from the [[Chaoshan]] region of [[Guangdong]] province. Teochew architecture is categorised by its "curly grass roofs" (with the ridges curving into a loop) and wood carvings, and share the "cut porcelain carving" tradition with the closely related Hokkien people.
<gallery widths="180">
File:Chaozhou Kaiyuan Si 2013.10.26 14-16-19.jpg|[[Kaiyuan Temple (Chaozhou)|Kaiyuan Temple]], [[Chaozhou]]
File:天后圣庙1.jpg|[[Mazu (Goddess)|Mazu]] temple in [[Dahao]]
Chaozhou Jiluehuanggong Ci 2013.10.26 16-04-50.jpg|Wood carvings on an ancestral temple in Chaozhou
File:วัดมังกรกมลาวาส ตุลาคม 2563.jpg|[[Wat Mangkon Kamalawat]], a Teochew-style Temple in [[Yaowarat|Bangkok Chinatown]]; most Thai-Chinese are of Teochew descent
File:Singapore Tempel Yueh Hai Ching 2.jpg|[[Yueh Hai Ching Temple]], [[Singapore]]'s oldest Teochew temple
</gallery>

===Hakka architecture===
{{Main|Hakka architecture}}
[[Hakka people]] are noted for building distinctive walled villages in order to protect themselves from [[Punti-Hakka Clan Wars|clan wars]].
<gallery widths="180">
File:Earth building-chengqi2.jpg
File:Hakka china2.jpg
File:HakkaYongding.jpg
File:Earth buildings-Tianluokeng.jpg
File:Earth building-fuyu.jpg
</gallery>

===Gan architecture===
{{Main|Architecture of Jiangxi}}
The [[Gan Chinese]]-speaking province of [[Jiangxi]] makes use of bricks, wood, and stones as materials, primarily using wooden frames.
<gallery widths="180">
File:抚州 流坑.JPG|[[Academies (Shuyuan)|Confucian academy]] in [[Fuzhou]]
File:流坑.jpg|Jiangxi's indigenous architecture – Liukeng village.
File:牌头屋.jpg|A "Pai tau uk" (牌頭屋) in [[Nanchang]], Jiangxi.
File:Village in Jinxi, Fuzhou.jpg|A residence in Jinxi county, Fuzhou.
</gallery>

=== Sui architecture ===
[[File:MullionedwindowLeiyindong.jpg|thumb|Mullioned windows on Leiyindong, a cave in Sui]]
During the [[Sui dynasty|Sui]] period in the 7th century, structures were carved in the Hebei mountains. These structures had a quadrilateral ground plan with intent for a cubic interior. Pillars inside would be octagonal. Another feature included mullioned windows. Plus, there were [[Vestibule (architecture)|anterooms]], which were small Buddhist caves.<ref name=":2" />
[[File:ArchitectureofSuiCave7thCentury.jpg|thumb|Architecture of Sui Cave]]

===Yaodong architecture===
{{Main|Yaodong}}
The [[Jin Chinese]] cultural area of [[Shanxi]] and northern [[Shaanxi]] is noted for carving homes into the sides of mountains. The soft rock of the [[Loess Plateau]] in this region makes an excellent insulating material.<gallery widths="180">
File:Cave houses shanxi 1.jpg
File:Cave houses shanxi 3.jpg
File:Cave houses shanxi 7.jpg
File:Cave Dwelling - Courtyard.jpg
File:Yanan Shaanxi maoist city IMG 8475.JPG
</gallery>

===Tibetan architecture===
{{Main|Architecture in Tibet}}

===Xinjiang architecture===
'''''Early architecture'''''

Early [[Xinjiang]] architecture was influenced by [[Chinese Buddhism|Buddhist]], [[Manichaean art|Manichaean]], [[Sogdian art|Sogdian]], [[Uyghurs|Uyghur]] and Chinese cultural groups, most prominent examples including the cave temples of [[Bezeklik Caves|Bezeklik]]; religious and residential buildings at [[Jiaohe ruins|Jiahoe]]; and temples and shrines at [[Gaochang]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Steinhardt |first=Nancy Shatzman |title=China's Early Mosques |chapter-url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9781474472852-015/html |chapter=CHAPTER NINE Xinjiang: Architecture of Qing China and Uyghur Central Asia |date=2022-01-31 |pages=259–274 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |isbn=978-1-4744-7285-2 |language=en |doi=10.1515/9781474472852-015|s2cid=246523466 }}</ref>

'''''Islamic architecture'''''

The first Muslims came to Xinjiang in the eighth or ninth centuries CE, yet only became a significant presence during the [[Yuan dynasty]].

Islam came to [[Hami]] province in eastern Xinjiang at the end of the fourteenth century, and the province's first mosque was built in 1490, with ten generations of Muslim kings of Hami buried in the complex from the 1690s to 1932. The mausoleum complex of Hami was built in 1840 – the tomb of King Boxi'er is the complex's most prominent feature, having been constructed after the Muslim rebellion of 1867.<ref name=":1" />

The mud-brick [[Emin Minaret]] (or Sugongta) in [[Turpan]] province is 44 metres (144&nbsp;ft) tall is the tallest minaret in China. The tower is decorated with sixteen patterns on the exterior, with textured bricks carved into intricate, repetitive, geometric and floral mosaic patterns, such as stylized flowers and rhombuses. The minaret was started in 1777 during the reign of the [[Qianlong Emperor]] (r. 1735–1796) and was completed only one year later.

<gallery>
File:Emin Minaret (40010270790).jpg|Emin Minaret
File:Emin Minaret detail (8064068957).jpg|Emin Minaret (detail)
File:Turpan-bezeklik-cuevas-d01.jpg|Bezeklik Caves
File:Gaochang (23889969801).jpg|Gaochang
File:Mosque in Hami’s Muslim District, Xinjiang, China, 1875 WDL2081.png|Mosque in Hami's Muslim District, Xinjiang, China, 1875
File:哈密回王墓.jpg|Mausoleum of King Box'ier in Hami, constructed 1867-68
</gallery>

===Others===
Other regional styles include [[Hutong]], found in [[northern China]], [[Longtang]] and [[Shikumen]] of [[Haipai]] (Shanghainese) architecture.
<gallery widths="180">
File:Hutong 1 (Snowyowls).jpg|Entrance to a residence in a hutong.
File:Xintiandi gem.jpg|Shikumen in Xintiandi lanes in [[Shanghai]].
File:Great walls of state Qi.jpg|[[Great Wall of Qi]] in [[Shandong]].
File:Du Fu Thatched Cottage Garden.jpg|[[Du Fu Thatched Cottage]] in [[Sichuan]].
File:Jin Temple entrance.JPG|[[Jinci]] in the [[Jin Chinese]]-speaking province of [[Shanxi]].
</gallery>