Editing Clostridium perfringens (section)

== Treatment ==
The treatment of ''Clostridium perfringens'' infections depends on the type and severity of the condition. For severe infections, such as [[gas gangrene]] (clostridial myonecrosis), the primary approach involves surgical debridement of the affected area. This procedure removes devitalized tissue where bacteria grow, which limits the spread of the infection. [[Antimicrobial|Antimicrobial therapy]] is usually started at the same time, with penicillin being the most commonly used drug.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last1=Di Bella |first1=Stefano |last2=Antonello |first2=Roberta Maria |last3=Sanson |first3=Gianfranco |last4=Maraolo |first4=Alberto Enrico |last5=Giacobbe |first5=Daniele Roberto |last6=Sepulcri |first6=Chiara |last7=Ambretti |first7=Simone |last8=Aschbacher |first8=Richard |last9=Bartolini |first9=Laura |last10=Bernardo |first10=Mariano |last11=Bielli |first11=Alessandra |last12=Busetti |first12=Marina |last13=Carcione |first13=Davide |last14=Camarlinghi |first14=Giulio |last15=Carretto |first15=Edoardo |date=June 2022 |title=Anaerobic bloodstream infections in Italy (ITANAEROBY): A 5-year retrospective nationwide survey |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1075996422000713 |journal=Anaerobe |language=en |volume=75 |pages=102583 |doi=10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102583|pmid=35568274 |hdl=11368/3020691 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> However, ''C. perfringens'' shows different resistance patterns with about 20% of strains being resistant to clindamycin, and 10% being resistant to metronidazole.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Geremia |first1=Nicholas |last2=Sanson |first2=Gianfranco |last3=Principe |first3=Luigi |last4=Antonello |first4=Roberta Maria |last5=Zerbato |first5=Verena |last6=Luzzati |first6=Roberto |last7=Maraolo |first7=Alberto Enrico |last8=Giacobbe |first8=Daniele Roberto |last9=Sepulcri |first9=Chiara |last10=Ambretti |first10=Simone |last11=Aschbacher |first11=Richard |last12=Bartolini |first12=Laura |last13=Bernardo |first13=Mariano |last14=Bielli |first14=Alessandra |last15=Busetti |first15=Marina |date=August 2024 |title=A subanalysis of Clostridium perfringens bloodstream infections from a 5-year retrospective nationwide survey (ITANAEROBY) |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1075996424000842 |journal=Anaerobe |language=en |volume=90 |pages=102901 |doi=10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102901|pmid=39214165 |url-access=subscription }}</ref> ''C. perfringens'' is often more susceptible to vancomycin when compared to other pathogenic ''Clostridia'', making it an alternative option for treatment in some cases.<ref name=":8" />

Therapies, such as [[hyperbaric oxygen therapy]] (HBOT), may also be used for severe clostridial tissue infections. HBOT increases oxygen delivery to infected tissues, creating an environment that inhibits the growth of anaerobic bacteria like ''C. perfringens''. While not commonly used, HBOT can be beneficial in certain cases.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gibson |first1=A. |last2=Davis |first2=F. M. |date=1986-08-27 |title=Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the management of Clostridium perfringens infections |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3462561/ |journal=The New Zealand Medical Journal |volume=99 |issue=808 |pages=617–620 |issn=0028-8446 |pmid=3462561}}</ref>

For foodborne illness caused by ''C. perfringens'', treatment is typically unnecessary. Most people who suffer from food poisoning caused by ''C. perfringens'' usually fight off the illness without the need of any antibiotics. Extra fluids should be drank consistently until diarrhea dissipates.<ref name="cdc.gov2">{{Cite web |last=CDC |date=2023-03-24 |title=Prevent Illness From C. perfringens |url=https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/diseases/clostridium-perfringens.html |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |language=en-us}}</ref>