Editing Inertial electrostatic confinement (section)

===Universities===
*[[Tokyo Institute of Technology]] has four IEC devices of different shapes: a spherical machine, a cylindrical device, a co-axial double cylinder and a magnetically assisted device.<ref>"Overview of IEC Research at Tokyo Tech." Eiki Hotta, 15th annual US-Japan IEC workshop, October 7, 2013, http://www.iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp/beam/iec2013/presentation/1-2.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221011421/http://www.iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp/beam/iec2013/presentation/1-2.pdf |date=2013-12-21}}</ref>
*[[University of Wisconsin–Madison]] – A group at Wisconsin–Madison has several large devices, since 1995.<ref>R.P. Ashley, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, S.K. Murali, G. Piefer, 18th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering, IEEE #99CH37050, (1999)</ref>
*[[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]] – The fusion studies laboratory has built a ~25&nbsp;cm fusor which has produced {{10^|7}} neutrons using deuterium gas.<ref name="Physics Research 1999"/>
*[[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] – For his doctoral thesis in 2007, [[Terrafugia|Carl Dietrich]] built a fusor and studied its potential use in spacecraft propulsion.<ref name="auto">"Improving Particle Confinement in Inertial Electrostatic Fusion for Spacecraft Power and Propulsion" submitted to the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Carl Dietrich, February 2007</ref> Also, [[high beta fusion reactor|Thomas McGuire]] studied multiple well [[fusor]]s for applications in spaceflight.<ref name="auto"/>
*[[University of Sydney]] has built several IEC devices and also low power, low [[plasma beta|beta ratio]] [[polywell]]s. The first was constructed of Teflon rings and was about the size of a coffee cup. The second has ~12" diameter full casing, metal rings.
*Eindhoven Technical University<ref>{{cite web |title=Fusor of the TU/E Fusion Group |url=https://www.tue.nl/en/department-of-applied-physics/research/research-groups/science-and-technology-of-nuclear-fusion/research-in-the-fusion-group/fusor-of-the-tue-fusion-group |access-date=2014-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812190714/http://www.tue.nl/en/university/departments/applied-physics/research/plasma-physics-and-radiation-technology/science-and-technology-of-nuclear-fusion/fusion-research/fusor/ |archive-date=2014-08-12}}</ref>
*Amirkabir University of Technology and Atomic Energy Organization of Iran have investigated the effect of strong pulsed magnetic fields on the neutron production rate of IEC device. Their study showed that by 1-2 Tesla magnetic field it is possible to increase the discharge current and neutron production rate more than ten times with respect to the ordinary operation.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zaeem |first1=Alireza Asle |last2=Ghafoorifard |first2=Hassan |last3=Sadighzadeh |first3=Asghar |title=Discharge current enhancement in inertial electrostatic confinement fusion by impulse high magnetic field |journal=Vacuum |publisher=Elsevier BV |volume=166 |year=2019 |issn=0042-207X |pages=286–291 |bibcode=2019Vacuu.166..286Z |s2cid=164364500 |doi=10.1016/j.vacuum.2019.05.012}}</ref>
*The Institute of Space Systems at the [[University of Stuttgart]] is developing IEC devices for plasma physics research, and as an [[electric propulsion]] device, the IECT (Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Thruster).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chan |first1=Yung-An |last2=Herdrich |first2=Georg |title=Jet extraction and characterization in an inertial electrostatic confinement device |journal=Vacuum |publisher=Elsevier BV |volume=167 |year=2019 |pages=482–489 |bibcode=2019Vacuu.167..482C |s2cid=104748598 |doi=10.1016/j.vacuum.2018.07.053}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chan |first1=Yung-An |last2=Herdrich |first2=Georg |title=Influence of Cathode Dimension on Discharge Characteristics of Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Thruster |journal=International Electric Propulsion Conference 2019 |year=2019 |pages=IEPC-2019–292}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Thruster (IECT) (English shop) – Cuvillier Verlag |website=cuvillier.de |url=https://cuvillier.de/en/shop/publications/8696-inertial-electrostatic-confinement-thruster-iect |access-date=2023-05-16}}</ref>