Editing Multan (section)

==Geography==
===Topography===
Multan is located in Punjab, and covers an area of {{convert|560|km2}}. The nearest important cities are [[Dera Ghazi Khan]] and [[Bahawalpur]]. Multan is located near few rivers of central Pakistan. The [[Sutlej|Sutlej River]] separates it from Bahawalpur and the [[Chenab River]] from [[Muzaffargarh]]. The area around the city is a flat, alluvial plain surrounded by orchards and deserts that is also used for [[mango]] farms.

Multan is located near the [[Sulaiman Mountains|Sulaiman Mountain Range]] which is the extension of the southern [[Hindu Kush]] of Pakistan and Afghanistan. The most well-known peak of the Sulaiman mountains is the twin-peaked [[Takht-e-Sulaiman]] or "Throne of Prophet Solomon" at 3,487 metres (11,440 ft).

===Climate===
{{Main|Climate of Multan}}
Multan features a [[hot desert climate]] (Köppen climate classification ''BWh'') with extremely hot summers and mild winters. The normal annual precipitation measures around {{convert|200|mm|in}}.

Multan is known for having some of the hottest weather in Pakistan. The highest recorded temperature is approximately {{convert|52|C}}, and the lowest recorded temperature is approximately {{convert|-2.2|C}}.<ref name="mda.gop.pk">{{Cite web |url=http://www.mda.gop.pk/MultanCity.asp |title=Multan Developemt Authority Official website says 50 Deg Highest |access-date=3 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726183903/http://www.mda.gop.pk/MultanCity.asp |archive-date=26 July 2013 |url-status=dead  }}</ref><ref name="doaba.org.pk">{{Cite web |url=http://doaba.org.pk/MultanProfile.aspx |title=Doaba Foundation web Link about Climate of Multan |access-date=3 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130310052044/http://doaba.org.pk/MultanProfile.aspx |archive-date=10 March 2013 |url-status=dead  }}</ref>

{{Weather box
|location = Multan (1991–2020)
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|Jan record high C = 28.3
|Feb record high C = 32.0
|Mar record high C = 39.0
|Apr record high C = 45.0
|May record high C = 48.9
|Jun record high C = 52.0
|Jul record high C = 52.2
|Aug record high C = 45.0
|Sep record high C = 42.5
|Oct record high C = 40.8
|Nov record high C = 36.0
|Dec record high C = 29.0
|Jan high C = 19.7
|Feb high C = 23.3
|Mar high C = 28.7
|Apr high C = 35.8
|May high C = 40.9
|Jun high C = 41.6
|Jul high C = 39.0
|Aug high C = 37.4
|Sep high C = 36.4
|Oct high C = 34.0
|Nov high C = 28.1
|Dec high C = 22.5
|Jan mean C = 12.7
|Feb mean C = 16.2
|Mar mean C = 21.5
|Apr mean C = 28.6
|May mean C = 33.4
|Jun mean C = 35.3
|Jul mean C = 34.1
|Aug mean C = 32.4
|Sep mean C = 31.0
|Oct mean C = 26.8
|Nov mean C = 20.3
|Dec mean C = 14.9
|Jan low C = 5.7
|Feb low C = 9.0
|Mar low C = 14.6
|Apr low C = 20.5
|May low C = 25.9
|Jun low C = 28.9
|Jul low C = 29.2
|Aug low C = 28.2
|Sep low C = 25.7
|Oct low C = 19.5
|Nov low C = 12.5
|Dec low C = 7.2
|Jan record low C = −2.2
|Feb record low C = -1.0
|Mar record low C = 3.3
|Apr record low C = 9.4
|May record low C = 13.5
|Jun record low C = 18.5
|Jul record low C = 21.1
|Aug record low C = 21.1
|Sep record low C = 16.7
|Oct record low C = 8.9
|Nov record low C = 0.6
|Dec record low C = −1.1
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 7.5
|Feb precipitation mm = 17.6
|Mar precipitation mm = 20.3
|Apr precipitation mm = 14.3
|May precipitation mm = 13.5
|Jun precipitation mm = 17.6
|Jul precipitation mm = 49.1
|Aug precipitation mm = 43.5
|Sep precipitation mm = 32.8
|Oct precipitation mm = 7.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 1.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 6.1
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 1.6
|Feb precipitation days = 2.4
|Mar precipitation days = 2.6
|Apr precipitation days = 2.8
|May precipitation days = 1.7
|Jun precipitation days = 1.9
|Jul precipitation days = 3.0
|Aug precipitation days = 3.1
|Sep precipitation days = 1.6
|Oct precipitation days = 0.9
|Nov precipitation days = 0.3
|Dec precipitation days = 0.9
|Jan humidity=58
|Feb humidity=52
|Mar humidity=48
|Apr humidity=39
|May humidity=33
|Jun humidity=39
|Jul humidity=55
|Aug humidity=58
|Sep humidity=55
|Oct humidity=49
|Nov humidity=56
|Dec humidity=61
|year humidity=
|Jan sun = 181.5
|Feb sun = 190.2
|Mar sun = 241.1
|Apr sun = 266.2
|May sun = 283.1
|Jun sun = 252.7
|Jul sun = 248.5
|Aug sun = 253.9
|Sep sun = 257.6
|Oct sun = 262.1
|Nov sun = 216.4
|Dec sun = 198.4
|source 1 =[[NOAA]]<ref name=WMOCLINO>{{cite web |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Pakistan/CSV/Multan_41675.csv |title=Multan Climate Normals 1991–2020 |work=World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020) |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=17 September 2023}}</ref>
| source 2 =[[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] (humidity 1951-1990)<ref>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_416750_kt.pdf
| title = Klimatafel von Multan (Flughafen) / Pakistan
| publisher = Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure
| access-date = September 17, 2016}}
</ref>}}

Multan's climate is primarily influenced by:
* '''Western Disturbances''' which generally occurs during the winter months between December and February. The Western Disturbance provokes moderate rainfall, with [[hailstorms]] also sometimes occurring.
* '''Deforestation''', dust storms occur during summer months. The region has seen large scale deforestation in last decades resulting in dust storms. Multan's dust storm sometimes produce violent wind.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 March 2013 |title=Multan Profile |url=http://doaba.org.pk/MultanProfile.aspx |access-date=2022-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130310052044/http://doaba.org.pk/MultanProfile.aspx |archive-date=10 March 2013 }}</ref>
* '''Heat waves''' occur during the hottest months of May and June, and can result in temperatures approaching {{convert|50|C}}
* '''South West Monsoon''' occurs following the hottest months of the year, and lasts between June and September. Monsoon rains moderate temperatures, and can sometimes produce heavy rain storms.
* '''Continental air''' prevails during the remaining months generally yields clear weather with little to no precipitation.<ref name="mda.gop.pk"/><ref name="doaba.org.pk"/>