Editing Problem of universals (section)

==References and further reading==
; Historical studies
* Klima, Gyula (2008). "The Medieval Problem of Universals", ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', Edward N. Zalta (ed.). ([http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2008/entries/universals-medieval/ link])
* Pinzani, Roberto (2018). ''The Problem of Universals from Boethius to John of Salisbury'', Leiden: Brill.
* Spade, Paul Vincent. (1994, ed., transl.), "Five Texts on the Mediaeval Problem of Universals: Porphyry, Boethius, Abelard, Duns Scotus, Ockham", Hackett Pub Co Inc.

; Contemporary studies
* Armstrong, David (1989). ''Universals'', Westview Press.
* Bacon, John (2008). "Tropes", ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', Edward N. Zalta (ed.). ([http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2008/entries/tropes/ link])
* Cocchiarella, Nino (1975). "Logical Atomism, Nominalism, and Modal Logic", ''Synthese''.
* [[Fred Feldman (philosopher)|Feldman, Fred]] (2005). "The Open Question Argument: What It Isn't; and What It Is", ''Philosophical Issues'' vol. 15. [https://www.doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-6077.2005.00051.x The Open Question Argument: What it Isn’t; and What it Is 1]
* Lewis, David (1983). "New Work for a Theory of Universals", ''Australasian Journal of Philosophy''.
* Loux, Michael J. (1998). ''Metaphysics: A Contemporary Introduction'', N.Y.: Routledge.
* Loux, Michael J. (2001). "The Problem of Universals" in ''Metaphysics: Contemporary Readings'', Michael J. Loux (ed.), N.Y.: Routledge, pp.&nbsp;3–13.
* MacLeod, M. & Rubenstein, E. (2006). "Universals", ''The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', J. Fieser & B. Dowden (eds.). ([http://www.iep.utm.edu/u/universa.htm link])
* Moreland, JP. (2001). "Universals." Montreal: McGill-Queens University Press.
* Price, H. H. (1953). "Universals and Resemblance", Ch. 1 of ''Thinking and Experience'', Hutchinson's University Library.
* Quine, W. V. O. (1961). "On What There is," in ''From a Logical Point of View'', 2nd/ed. N.Y: Harper and Row.
* Rodriguez-Pereyra, Gonzalo (2008). "Nominalism in Metaphysics", ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', Edward N. Zalta (ed.). ([http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2008/entries/nominalism-metaphysics/ link])
* Russell, Bertrand (1912). "The World of Universals," in ''The Problems of Philosophy'', Oxford University Press.
* Swoyer, Chris (2000). "Properties", ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', Edward N. Zalta (ed.). ([http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2000/entries/properties/ link])
* Williams, D. C. (1953). "On the Elements of Being", ''Review of Metaphysics'', vol. 17.