Editing Stereophonic sound (section)

===Television===
A December 11, 1952, closed-circuit television performance of ''[[Carmen]]'' from the [[Metropolitan Opera House (39th St)|Metropolitan Opera House]] in New York City to 31 theaters across the United States, included a stereophonic sound system developed by [[RCA]].<ref>"Theater to Have Special Sound System for TV", ''Los Angeles Times'', December 5, 1952, p. B-8.</ref> The first several shows of the 1958–59 season of ''The Plymouth Show'' (also called ''[[The Lawrence Welk Show]]'') on the [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] (America) network were broadcast with stereophonic sound in 75 [[media market]]s, with one audio channel broadcast via television and the other over the ABC radio network.<ref>"A Television First! Welk Goes Stereophonic" (advertisement), ''Los Angeles Times'', September 10, 1958, p. A-7.</ref><ref>"[https://books.google.com/books?id=-QoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA23 Dealers: Lawrence Welk Leads in Stereo!]" (advertisement), ''Billboard'', October 13, 1958, p. 23.</ref> By the same method, [[NBC]] Television and the NBC Radio Network offered stereo sound for two three-minute segments of ''The George Gobel Show'' on October 21, 1958.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=4AoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA37 "Expect Giant TV Stereo Audience"], {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806001719/https://books.google.com/books?id=4AoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA37#v=onepage&q&f=false |date=August 6, 2024 }}, ''Billboard'', October 20, 1958, p. 12.</ref> On January 30, 1959, ABC's ''[[Walt Disney Presents]]'' made a stereo broadcast of ''The Peter Tchaikovsky Story''{{snd}}including scenes from Disney's latest animated feature, ''[[Sleeping Beauty (1959 film)|Sleeping Beauty]]''{{snd}}by using ABC-affiliated AM and FM stations for the left and right audio channels.<ref>Sedman, David. [http://journal.sonicstudies.org/vol03/nr01/a03 "The Legacy of Broadcast Stereo Sound"]. ''Journal of Sonic Studies''. October 2012. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015164250/http://journal.sonicstudies.org/vol03/nr01/a03 |date=October 15, 2014 }}</ref>

After the advent of FM stereo broadcasts in 1962, a small number of music-oriented TV shows were broadcast with stereo sound using a process called [[simulcast]]ing, in which the audio portion of the show was carried over a local FM stereo station.<ref>For example: Jack Gould, "TV: Happy Marriage With FM Stereo", ''The New York Times'', December 26, 1967, p. 67.</ref> In the 1960s and 1970s, these shows were usually manually synchronized with a [[reel-to-reel tape recording]] mailed to the FM station (unless the concert or music originated locally). In the 1980s, [[Satellite television|satellite]] delivery of both television and radio programs made this fairly tedious process of synchronization unnecessary. One of the last of these simulcast programs was ''[[Friday Night Videos]]'' on NBC.

The BBC made extensive use of simulcasting between 1974 and around 1990. The first such transmission was in 1974 when the BBC broadcast a recording of Van Morrison's London Rainbow Concert simultaneously on BBC2 TV and Radio 2. After that it was used for many other music programs, live and recorded, including the annual BBC [[The Proms|Promenade concerts]] and the [[Eurovision Song Contest]]. The advent of [[NICAM]] stereo sound with TV rendered this unnecessary.

[[Cable TV]] systems used simulcasting to deliver stereo programs for many years. One of the first stereo cable stations was [[The Movie Channel]], though the most popular cable TV station that drove up the usage of stereo simulcasting was [[MTV]].

Japanese television began stereo broadcasts in 1978,<ref name="Japan's Stereo TV System">"/[https://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/16/business/japan-s-stereo-tv-system.html "Japan's Stereo TV System"], {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701074249/http://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/16/business/japan-s-stereo-tv-system.html |date=July 1, 2017 }}, ''The New York Times'', June 16, 1984.</ref> and regular transmissions with stereo sound came in 1982.<ref>[http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1982.htm "1982"]. ''Chronomedia''. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090922073228/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1982.htm |date=September 22, 2009 }}.</ref> By 1984, about 12% of the programming, or about 14 or 15 hours per station per week were broadcast in stereo. [[West Germany]]'s second television network, [[ZDF]], began offering stereo programs in 1984.<ref name="Japan's Stereo TV System"/>

In 1979, ''The New York Times'' reported, "What has prompted the [television] industry to embark on establishing high-fidelity [sound] standards now, according to engineering executives involved in the project, is chiefly the rapid march of the new television technologies, especially those that are challenging broadcast television, such as the [[Laserdisc|video disk]]."<ref>Les Brown, "Hi-fi Stereo TV Coming in 2 to 4 Years", ''The New York Times'', October 25, 1979, p. C-18.</ref>

For [[analog TV]] (PAL and NTSC), various modulation schemes are used in different parts of the world to broadcast more than one sound channel. These are sometimes used to provide two mono sound channels that are in different languages, rather than stereo. [[Multichannel television sound]] is used mainly in the Americas. [[NICAM]] is widely used in Europe, except in Germany, where [[Zweikanalton]] is used. The EIAJ FM/FM subcarrier system is used in Japan. For [[digital TV]], MP2 audio streams are widely used within MPEG-2 program streams. [[Dolby Digital]] is the audio standard used for digital TV in North America, with the capability for anywhere between 1 and 6 discrete channels.

[[Multichannel Television Sound]] (MTS) is the method of encoding three additional [[audio channel]]s into an [[NTSC]]-format audio [[carrier wave|carrier]]. It was adopted by the [[Federal Communications Commission|FCC]] as the United States standard for stereo television transmission in 1984. Sporadic network transmission of stereo audio began on NBC on July 26, 1984, with ''[[The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson]]''{{snd}} although at the time, only the network's New York City flagship station, [[WNBC|WNBC-TV]], had stereo broadcast capability.<ref>Peter W. Kaplan, "TV Notes", ''New York Times'', July 28, 1984, sec. 1, p. 46.</ref> Regular stereo transmission of programs began in 1985. ABC and CBS followed suit in 1986 and 1987.