Editing ALGOL 68 (section)

===transput: Input and output===
'''Transput''' is the term used to refer to ALGOL 68's input and output facilities. It includes pre-defined procedures for unformatted, formatted and binary transput. Files and other transput devices are handled in a consistent and machine-independent manner. The following example prints out some unformatted output to the '''standard output''' device:

<pre>
  print ((newpage, "Title", newline, "Value of i is ",
    i, "and x[i] is ", x[i], newline))
</pre>

Note the predefined procedures <code>newpage</code> and <code>newline</code> passed as arguments.

====Books, channels and files====
The '''TRANSPUT''' is considered to be of '''BOOKS''', '''CHANNELS''' and '''FILES''':

* '''Books''' are made up of pages, lines and characters, and may be backed up by files.
** A specific book can be located by name with a call to <code>match</code>.
* '''CHANNEL'''s correspond to physical devices.  e.g. card punches and printers.
** Three standard channels are distinguished: ''stand in'' channel, ''stand out'' channel, ''stand back'' channel.
* A '''FILE''' is a means of communicating between a program and a book that has been opened via some channel.
** The '''MOOD''' of a file may be read, write, char, bin, and opened.
** transput procedures include: <code>establish, create, open, associate, lock, close, scratch</code>.
** position enquires: <code>char number, line number, page number</code>.
** layout routines include:
***<code>space</code>, <code>backspace</code>, <code>newline</code>, <code>newpage</code>.
***<code>get good line, get good page, get good book</code>, and <code>'''PROC''' set=('''REF''' '''FILE''' f, '''INT''' page,line,char)'''VOID''':</code>
** A file has '''event routines'''. e.g. <code>on logical file end, on physical file end, on page end, on line end, on format end, on value error, on char error</code>.

====formatted transput====
"Formatted transput" in ALGOL 68's transput has its own syntax and patterns (functions), with '''FORMAT'''s embedded between two $ characters.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.xs4all.nl/~jmvdveer/syntax.html#formats|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080109161728/http://www.xs4all.nl/~jmvdveer/syntax.html#formats|url-status=dead|title=Format syntax in ALGOL 68G|archive-date=9 January 2008|access-date=7 April 2023}}</ref>

Examples:

<pre>
 printf (($2l"The sum is:"x, g(0)$, m + n)); ¢ prints the same as: ¢
 print ((new line, new line, "The sum is:", space, whole (m + n, 0))
</pre>