Editing Cleft lip and cleft palate (section)

==Society and culture==
[[File:Perù, moche, contenitore a forma di ragazzo con labbro leporino e tatuaggi, 100 ac-500 dc ca.jpg|thumb|Moche pottery]]

===Handicap law and abortion controversies===
{{expand section|date=April 2024}}
In some countries, cleft lip or palate deformities are considered reasons (either generally tolerated or officially sanctioned) to perform an abortion beyond the legal [[fetal]] age limit, even though the [[fetus]] is not in jeopardy of life or limb.<ref name="NLMabortion">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dobson R | title = Review of abortion law demanded after abortion for cleft palate | journal = BMJ | volume = 327 | issue = 7426 | pages = 1250 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14644964 | pmc = 1126893 | doi = 10.1136/bmj.327.7426.1250-c }}</ref><ref name=GuardianAbortion>Hill, Amelia. [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/28/mps-bring-bill-to-ban-late-abortions-for-cleft-lip-cleft-palate-and-club-foot "MPs bring bill to ban late abortions for cleft lip, cleft palate and clubfoot,"] ''[[The Guardian]]'', 2020.</ref> Some political opponents contend this practice amounts to [[eugenics]] based on cosmetic defects rather than practical definitions of a [[disability]].<ref>{{Cite news | vauthors = Allison R |date=2003-12-02 |title=Does a cleft palate justify an abortion? Curate wins right to challenge doctors |url= https://www.theguardian.com/society/2003/dec/02/health.medicineandhealth |access-date=2024-09-13 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

===Works of fiction===
The eponymous hero of [[J. M. Coetzee]]'s 1983 novel ''[[Life & Times of Michael K]]'' has a cleft lip that is never corrected. In the 1920 novel ''[[Growth of the Soil]],'' by Norwegian writer [[Knut Hamsun]], Inger (wife of the main character) has an uncorrected cleft lip which puts heavy limitations on her life, even causing her to kill her own child, who is also born with a cleft lip. The protagonist of the 1924 novel ''[[Precious Bane]]'', by English writer [[Mary Webb]], is a young woman living in 19th-century rural [[Shropshire]] who eventually comes to feel that her deformity is the source of her spiritual strength. The book was later adapted for television by both the [[BBC]] and [[ORTF]] in France. Similarly, the main character in [[Graham Greene]]'s 1936 crime noir novel ''[[A Gun for Sale]]'', Raven, has a cleft lip which he is sensitive about, and is described as "an ugly man dedicated to ugly deeds". In the 1976 [[Patricia A. McKillip]] novel ''[[The Night Gift]]'', one of the high-school aged protagonists is shy because she has a cleft lip, but learns to have more confidence in herself.

In the first edition of ''[[Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets]]'', one of the people Gilderoy Lockhart stole credit from was a witch with a harelip who banished the Bandon Banshee. In later editions, this was changed to a witch with a hairy chin.<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = VanderArk S |work=The Harry Potter Lexicon |title=Edits and Changes to the Text of CS |date=June 6, 2017 |url=https://www.hp-lexicon.org/edits-changes-text-cs/ |access-date=September 12, 2020}}</ref>

In chapter 26 of [[Mark Twain]]'s ''[[The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn]]'', Huck Finn meets the three Wilks sisters, Mary Jane, Susan, and Joanna. Joanna is described as, "the one who gives herself to good works and has a hare-lip." As a form of offensive [[synecdoche]], Huck Finn refers to Joanna as "the hare-lip" rather than by her name.

Cleft lip and cleft palate are often portrayed negatively in popular culture. Examples include [[Oddjob]], the secondary villain of the [[James Bond]] novel [[Goldfinger (novel)|''Goldfinger'']] by [[Ian Fleming]] ([[Goldfinger (film)|the film adaptation]] does not mention this but leaves it implied) and serial killer [[Francis Dolarhyde]] in the novel [[Red Dragon (novel)|''Red Dragon'']] and its screen adaptations, ''[[Manhunter (film)|Manhunter]]'', ''[[Red Dragon (2002 film)|Red Dragon]]'', and ''[[Hannibal (TV series)|Hannibal]]''.<ref>{{cite web| vauthors =  Harfield TD |title=The Monster Without: Red Dragon, the Cleft-Lip, and the Politics of Recognition|url=http://www.inter-disciplinary.net/ptb/mso/hid/hid5/harfield%20paper.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221114051/http://www.inter-disciplinary.net/ptb/mso/hid/hid5/harfield%20paper.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 21, 2014|access-date=February 5, 2014}}</ref> The portrayal of enemy characters with cleft lips and cleft palates, dubbed mutants, in the 2019 video game ''[[Rage 2]]'' left Chris Plante of ''[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]]'' wondering if the condition would ever be portrayed positively.<ref>{{cite web |last=Plante |first=Chris |title=When I asked about Rage 2's worst character, I got an unexpected response |url=https://www.polygon.com/e3/2018/6/14/17462430/rage-2-interview-e3-2018-id-avalanche |publisher=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]] |date=June 14, 2018 |access-date=May 15, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Plante C |title=Rage 2 is a fun game that makes me feel like garbage |url=https://www.polygon.com/2019/5/13/18617783/rage-2-impressions-characters-enemies-mutants |publisher=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]] |date=May 13, 2019 |access-date=May 15, 2019}}</ref>

===Notable cases===
<!--

DO NOT ADD JOAQUIN PHOENIX TO THE LIST.
Contrary to popular belief he does not have a cleft lip. His condition is described elsewhere in this article.

-->
<!-- Note: Please cite sources when adding entries to this list, non sourced entries can be removed -->
{|  class=wikitable
!  width="22%" | Name
!  width="65%" | Comments
!  width="1%" |
|- valign="top"
| [[Jerry Byrd (sportswriter)|Jerry Byrd]]
| American sportswriter for the ''[[Shreveport Journal]]'', 1957–1991, and ''[[Bossier Press-Tribune]]'', 1993–2012; born with cleft lip and without cleft palate
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nvanthyn.blogspot.com/2012/06/legendary-man-mr-byrd.html|title=Once a Knight: The legendary man, Mr. Byrd|date=June 8, 2012|author=Nico Van Thyn|publisher=nvanthyn.blogsport.com|access-date=April 22, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005230528/http://nvanthyn.blogspot.com/2012/06/legendary-man-mr-byrd.html|archive-date=October 5, 2016}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
| [[Doc Holliday|John Henry "Doc" Holliday]]
|[[United States|America]]n [[dentistry|dentist]], [[gambling|gambler]] and [[gunfighter]] of the [[American Old West]], who is usually remembered for his friendship with [[Wyatt Earp]] and the [[Gunfight at the O.K. Corral]]
|<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Tanner KH |title=Doc Holliday: A Family Portrait |publisher=University of Omaha Press |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-8061-3036-1 }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
| [[Tutankhamen]]
|  Egyptian [[pharaoh]] who may have had a slightly cleft palate according to diagnostic imaging
|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/03/0308_050308_kingtutmurder_2.html |title=King Tut Not Murdered Violently, CT Scans Show |access-date=July 1, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703110802/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/03/0308_050308_kingtutmurder_2.html |archive-date=July 3, 2007 }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
| [[Thorgils Skarthi]]
|  Thorgils 'the hare-lipped'—a 10th-century Viking warrior and founder of [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]], England.
|<ref>''Bloodfeud: Murder and Revenge in Anglo-Saxon England'', Richard Fletcher</ref>
|- valign="top"
| [[Tad Lincoln]]
| Fourth and youngest son of President [[Abraham Lincoln]]
|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historybuff.com/library/reftad.html |title=Tad Lincoln: The Not-so-Famous Son of A Most-Famous President |access-date=July 1, 2007 |work=HistoryBuff.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927202516/http://www.historybuff.com/library/reftad.html |archive-date=September 27, 2007 }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|[[Carmit Bachar]]
|  American dancer and singer
|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.buddytv.com/articles/pussycat-dolls-present-the-search-for-the-next-doll/pussycat-dolls-carmit-bachar-i-12393.aspx |title=Carmit Bachar, smile ambassador |access-date=October 13, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030101905/http://www.buddytv.com/articles/pussycat-dolls-present-the-search-for-the-next-doll/pussycat-dolls-carmit-bachar-i-12393.aspx |archive-date=October 30, 2007 }}</ref><ref>Beverley Lyons, October 16, 2006. [http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/tm_headline=the-razz--carmite-doing-her-bit-for-charity-&method=full&objectid=17937064&siteid=66633-name_page.html Carmite Doing Her Bit For Charity] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927202824/http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/tm_headline%3Dthe-razz--carmite-doing-her-bit-for-charity-%26method%3Dfull%26objectid%3D17937064%26siteid%3D66633-name_page.html |date=September 27, 2007 }}. ''The Daily Record''</ref>
|-
|[[Jürgen Habermas]]
| German philosopher and [[sociologist]]
|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nyu.edu/classes/stephens/Habermas%20page.htm |title=Jurgen Habermas |access-date=December 18, 2008 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Ljubo Milicevic]]
| Australian professional footballer
|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://au.fourfourtwo.com/news/104299,chat-to-ljubolive.aspx |title=Chat To Ljubo...LIVE |date=May 28, 2009 |access-date=December 23, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090531131747/http://au.fourfourtwo.com/news/104299,chat-to-ljubolive.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2009 }}</ref>
|-
|-
|[[Stacy Keach]]
| American actor and narrator
|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cleftline.org/story_of_the_month/oct02 |title=Stacy Keach |access-date=July 1, 2007 |work=Cleft Palate Foundation |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213082319/http://www.cleftline.org/story_of_the_month/oct02 |archive-date=February 13, 2007 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Cheech Marin]]
| American actor and comedian
|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.disabled-world.com/artman/publish/famous-cleft.shtml//oct02 |title=Cheech Marin |access-date=July 1, 2007 |work=Cleft Palate Foundation }}</ref>
|-
|[[Owen Schmitt]]
| [[American football]] [[Fullback (American football)|fullback]]
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/football/bigeast/2006-11-01-wvu-schmitt_x.htm |title=Schmitt is face of West Va. toughness&#124; USA Today |date=November 4, 2006 | vauthors = Whiteside K |access-date=April 30, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091015000326/http://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/football/bigeast/2006-11-01-wvu-schmitt_x.htm |archive-date=October 15, 2009 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Tim Lott]]
| English author and journalist
|<ref name="Famous People with a Cleft">{{cite web|url=http://www.disabled-world.com/artman/publish/famous-cleft.shtml|title=Famous People with a Cleft|date=April 5, 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130121175545/http://www.disabled-world.com/artman/publish/famous-cleft.shtml|archive-date=January 21, 2013}}</ref>
|-
|[[Richard Hawley]]
| English musician
|<ref name="Famous People with a Cleft"/>
|-
|[[Dario Šarić]]
| Croatian professional [[basketball]] player
|<ref name="Who's That Guy? Dario Saric!">{{cite web|url=http://grantland.com/the-triangle/whos-that-guy-dario-saric|title=Who's That Guy? Dario Saric!|date=September 3, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140822040922/http://grantland.com/the-triangle/whos-that-guy-dario-saric/|archive-date=August 22, 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[Antoinette Bourignon]]
| Flemish mystic
|<ref name="quietist">{{cite book| vauthors = MacEwen A |title=Antoinette Bourignon, Quietist|page=[https://archive.org/details/antoinettebourig00maceuoft/page/27 27]|date=1910|publisher=Hodder and Stoughton|location=London|url=https://archive.org/details/antoinettebourig00maceuoft|access-date=May 15, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206150156/https://archive.org/details/antoinettebourig00maceuoft|archive-date=February 6, 2015}}</ref>
|-
|[[Tom Burke (actor)|Tom Burke]]
| English actor
|<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Cartwright G |title=He Was Born With a Cleft Lip |url=https://www.popsugar.co.uk/celebrity/photo-gallery/43980443/image/43980445/He-Born-Cleft-Lip |website=POPSUGAR Celebrity UK |access-date=May 15, 2019 |date=September 30, 2017 |archive-date=June 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190630163411/https://www.popsugar.co.uk/celebrity/photo-gallery/43980443/image/43980445/He-Born-Cleft-Lip |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|[[Franz Rogowski]]
| German actor
|<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Bartels G |title=Franz Rogowski im Porträt – Schönheit des Makels |url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/kultur/franz-rogowski-im-portraet-schoenheit-des-makels/20976074.html |newspaper=Der Tagesspiegel Online |access-date=February 6, 2021 |date=February 18, 2018 |language=de |quote=Dass ihm, der Hasenscharte, dem Lispeln und der hellen Stimme wegen auf der Bühne Grenzen gesetzt sind, ist ihm klar.}}</ref>
|}