Editing Clostridium perfringens (section)

== Research ==
''C. perfringens'' has shown increasing [[Multiple drug resistance|multidrug resistance]], particularly in strains from humans and animals. High resistance levels were found with antibiotics such as tetracycline, erythromycin, and sulfonamides. Genetic factors, misuse of antibiotics, and bacterial evolution are the cause of this issue. This highlights the importance of finding new treatment strategies.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ba |first1=Xuli |last2=Jin |first2=Youshun |last3=Ning |first3=Xuan |last4=Gao |first4=Yidan |last5=Li |first5=Wei |last6=Li |first6=Yunhui |last7=Wang |first7=Yihan |last8=Zhou |first8=Jizhang |date=August 2024 |title=Clostridium perfringens in the Intestine: Innocent Bystander or Serious Threat? |journal=Microorganisms |language=en |volume=12 |issue=8 |pages=1610 |doi=10.3390/microorganisms12081610 |doi-access=free |issn=2076-2607 |pmc=11356505 |pmid=39203452}}</ref>

[[Multilocus sequence typing|Multilocus Sequence Typing]] (MLST) and [[Whole genome sequencing|Whole Genome Sequencing]] (WGS) have been used to find the genetic diversity of ''C. perfringens''. These methods have identified 195 distinct sequence types grouped into 25 clonal complexes from 322 genomes. Phylogenetic groups were also found in multiple different hosts and environmental sources. This highlights the bacteria's  transmission potential and adaptability across species.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Camargo |first1=Anny |last2=Guerrero-Araya |first2=Enzo |last3=Castañeda |first3=Sergio |last4=Vega |first4=Laura |last5=Cardenas-Alvarez |first5=María X. |last6=Rodríguez |first6=César |last7=Paredes-Sabja |first7=Daniel |last8=Ramírez |first8=Juan David |last9=Muñoz |first9=Marina |date=2022-07-22 |title=Intra-species diversity of Clostridium perfringens: A diverse genetic repertoire reveals its pathogenic potential |journal=Frontiers in Microbiology |language=English |volume=13 |doi=10.3389/fmicb.2022.952081 |doi-access=free |issn=1664-302X |pmc=9354469 |pmid=35935202}}</ref>