Editing Fuel cell (section)

====Airplanes====
In 2003, the world's first propeller-driven airplane to be powered entirely by a fuel cell was flown. The fuel cell was a stack design that allowed the fuel cell to be integrated with the plane's aerodynamic surfaces.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/industry/1287561.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106235805/http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/industry/1287561.html|url-status=dead|title=First Fuel Cell Microaircraft|archive-date=6 January 2010}}</ref> Fuel cell-powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) include a [[Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies|Horizon]] fuel cell UAV that set the record distance flown for a small UAV in 2007.<ref>[http://www.horizonfuelcell.com/file/Pterosoardistancerecord.pdf "Horizon Fuel Cell Powers New World Record in UAV Flight"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111014121037/http://www.horizonfuelcell.com/file/Pterosoardistancerecord.pdf |date=14 October 2011 }}. Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies. 1 November 2007.</ref> [[Boeing]] researchers and industry partners throughout Europe conducted experimental flight tests in February 2008 of a manned airplane powered only by a fuel cell and lightweight batteries. The fuel cell demonstrator airplane, as it was called, used a proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell/[[lithium-ion battery]] hybrid system to power an electric motor, which was coupled to a conventional propeller.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boeing.com/news/releases/2008/q2/080403a_nr.html |title=Boeing Successfully Flies Fuel Cell-Powered Airplane |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509091442/http://www.boeing.com/news/releases/2008/q2/080403a_nr.html |archive-date=9 May 2013 }}. Boeing. 3 April 2008. Accessed 2 August 2011.</ref>

In 2009, the Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL's) Ion Tiger utilized a hydrogen-powered fuel cell and flew for 23 hours and 17 minutes.<ref>[http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/fuel-cell-powered-uav-flight/ "Fuel Cell Powered UAV Completes 23-hour Flight"]. Alternative Energy: News. 22 October 2009. Accessed 2 August 2011.</ref> Fuel cells are also being tested and considered to provide auxiliary power in aircraft, replacing [[Auxiliary power unit|fossil fuel generators]] that were previously used to start the engines and power on board electrical needs, while reducing carbon emissions.<ref>{{Cite news| url=https://www.cnbc.com/2016/02/02/hydrogen-fuel-cells-on-a-plane.html|title=Hydrogen fuel cells… on a plane?|last=CNBC.com|first=Anmar Frangoul {{!}} Special to|date=2016-02-02|work=CNBC|access-date=2018-02-06}}</ref><ref name="theengineer.co.uk">[http://www.theengineer.co.uk/sectors/aerospace/news/hydrogen-powered-unmanned-aircraft-completes-set-of-tests/1009080.article "Hydrogen-powered unmanned aircraft completes set of tests"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015230121/http://www.theengineer.co.uk/sectors/aerospace/news/hydrogen-powered-unmanned-aircraft-completes-set-of-tests/1009080.article |date=15 October 2015 }}.www.theengineer.co.uk. 20 June 2011. Accessed 2 August 2011.</ref>{{Failed verification|date=February 2012}} In 2016 a Raptor E1 drone made a successful test flight using a fuel cell that was lighter than the [[lithium-ion battery]] it replaced. The flight lasted 10 minutes at an altitude of {{Convert|80|m}}, although the fuel cell reportedly had enough fuel to fly for two hours. The fuel was contained in approximately 100 solid {{Convert|1|cm2}} pellets composed of a proprietary chemical within an unpressurized cartridge. The pellets are physically robust and operate at temperatures as warm as {{Convert|50|C|F}}. The cell was from Arcola Energy.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Drone flight powered by lightweight hydrogen-producing pellets|url = http://www.gizmag.com/cella-energy-fuel-cell-drone/41718|website = www.gizmag.com|access-date = 2016-02-09|date = 2016-02-08|last = Coxworth|first = Ben}}</ref>

[[Lockheed Martin Skunk Works Stalker]] is an electric UAV powered by solid oxide fuel cell.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://defense-update.com/20110819_stalker-ex-mini-uav-set-for-eight-hour-endurance-missions-2.html|title=Stalker EX Mini-UAV Set for Eight Hour Endurance Missions|first=Tamir|last=Eshel|date=19 August 2011}}</ref>