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Mars Express
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==== 2008 ==== * In March 2008, the ''Mars Express'' Team was the winner of the [[Sir Arthur Clarke Award]] for Best Team Achievement.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sir Arthur Clarke Awards |url=https://www.bis-space.com/what-we-do/honours-and-awards/arthurs/ |access-date=2025-05-25 |website=The British Interplanetary Society |language=en-GB}}</ref> * During a [[Phobos (moon)|Phobos]] flyby on 23 July 2008, ''Mars Express'' observed backscattering of [[solar wind]] protons at Phobos, a process previously reported at the Earth's [[Moon]], suggesting that it is common at airless bodies covered by [[regolith]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Futaana |first=Y. |last2=Barabash |first2=S. |last3=Holmström |first3=M. |last4=Fedorov |first4=A. |last5=Nilsson |first5=H. |last6=Lundin |first6=R. |last7=Dubinin |first7=E. |last8=Fränz |first8=M. |date=2010 |title=Backscattered solar wind protons by Phobos |url=https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2010JA015486 |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |language=en |volume=115 |issue=A10 |doi=10.1029/2010JA015486 |issn=2156-2202}}</ref> The next such observation occurred in January 2016.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Futaana |first=Yoshifumi |last2=Holmström |first2=Mats |last3=Fedorov |first3=Andrey |last4=Barabash |first4=Stas |date=2021 |title=Does Phobos Reflect Solar Wind Protons? Mars Express Special Flyby Operations With and Without the Presence of Phobos |url=https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2021JE006969 |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets |language=en |volume=126 |issue=11 |pages=e2021JE006969 |doi=10.1029/2021JE006969 |issn=2169-9100}}</ref>
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