Editing 1199 (section)

==== Europe ==== 

* [[January 13]] &ndash; A short-lived truce is declared, between the Kings [[Richard I of England|Richard I]] ('''the Lionheart''') and [[Philip II of France|Philip II]] ('''Augustus''').<ref name="CBH1199">{{cite book |last=Palmer |first=Alan |last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica |year=1992 |title=The Chronology of British History |publisher=Century Ltd |location=London |pages=73–75 |isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref> Two of Europe's most powerful rulers meet on the banks of the [[Seine|Seine River]], while shouting terms to one another. With a peace secured, Richard is able to refocus on bringing internal order to the south of the [[Angevin Empire]].<ref>Rees, Simon (2006). "King Richard I of England Versus King Philip II Augustus". Military History (published September 2006).</ref>
* [[March 26]] &ndash; Richard I besieges the unarmed castle of [[Château de Châlus-Chabrol|Châlus-Chabrol]], and is shot in the left shoulder with a [[crossbow]], by the French boy [[Pierre Basile]].<ref name="Cassell's Chronology">{{cite book |last=Williams |first=Hywel |title=Cassell's Chronology of World History |url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/129 |url-access=registration |location=London |publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson |year=2005 |isbn=0-304-35730-8 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/129 129–131]}}</ref> The war between the kingdoms of [[Kingdom of England|England]] and [[France in the Middle Ages|France]] has become so brutal, that [[Hugh of Lincoln]] is warned that "nothing now is safe, neither the city to dwell in nor the highway for travel".<ref>''King John'' by Warren.  Published by University of California Press in 1961.  p. 63</ref>
* [[April 6]] &ndash; Richard I dies from [[gangrene]], caused by his crossbow wound. His younger brother, [[John, King of England|John]] ('''Lackland'''), becomes [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]. Richard's jewels are left to his nephew, [[Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto IV]], [[King of the Romans]].<ref>{{cite book |title=King John |first=Lewis |last=Warren |publisher=University of California Press |year=1961 |page=48}}</ref> [[Mercadier]], a mercenary captain and Richard's [[second in command]], has Pierre Basile [[Flaying|flayed]] alive and [[Hanging|hanged]].
* [[Roman the Great|Roman Mstislavich]] ('''the Great'''), Grand Prince of [[Vladimir-Suzdal|Vladimir]]-[[Principality of Volhynia|Volhynia]], unites his realm with its westerly neighbor [[Galicia (Eastern Europe)|Galicia]] (after the death of [[Vladimir II Yaroslavich|Vladimir II]]). He makes the [[Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia]] more powerful than [[Principality of Kiev|Kiev]]. 
* Summer &ndash; Philip II renews his war against England, supporting the rival claim to the English throne of John's 12-year-old nephew [[Arthur I, Duke of Brittany|Arthur I]], duke of [[Duchy of Brittany|Brittany]].<ref name="CBH1199"/>
* Summer &ndash; After [[Brothers' Quarrel (Hungary)|uncovering a plot]] against him, [[Emeric, King of Hungary]] defeats his brother [[Andrew II of Hungary|Duke Andrew]] in a battle, forcing him into exile in [[Duchy of Austria|Austria]]. Thereafter, border clashes occurs between Hungary and Austria.<ref>{{cite book |last=Zsoldos |first=Attila |year=2022 |title=Az Aranybulla királya ''[The King of the Golden Bull]'' |publisher=Városi Levéltár és Kutatóintézet |page=32 |isbn=978-963-8406-26-2|language=hu}}</ref>