Editing 1864 in science (section)

==Chemistry==
* August 20 – [[John Alexander Reina Newlands]] produces the [[History of the periodic table#John Newlands|first periodic table]] of the [[chemical element|elements]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=On Relations Among the Equivalents|last=Newlands|first=John A. R.|journal=Chemical News|volume=10|pages=94–95|date=1864-08-20|url=http://web.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/EA/NEWLANDSann.HTML#newlands3|accessdate=2011-08-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721050432/http://web.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/EA/NEWLANDSann.HTML|archivedate=21 July 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>
* November 27 – [[Barbituric acid]] is first synthesized, by German chemist [[Adolf von Baeyer]].
* [[Lothar Meyer]] develops an early version of the periodic table, with 28 elements organized by [[Valence (chemistry)|valence]].<ref name="Profile">{{cite web|title=Julius Lothar Meyer and Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev|url=https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/julius-lothar-meyer-and-dmitri-ivanovich-mendeleev|website=Science History Institute|accessdate=21 March 2018|archive-date=21 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321130939/https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/julius-lothar-meyer-and-dmitri-ivanovich-mendeleev|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Bowden>{{cite book|last1=Bowden|first1=Mary Ellen|title=Chemical achievers : the human face of the chemical sciences|url=https://archive.org/details/chemicalachiever0000bowd|url-access=registration|date=1997|publisher=Chemical Heritage Foundation|location=Philadelphia, PA|isbn=9780941901123|chapter=Julius Lothar Meyer and Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev|pages=[https://archive.org/details/chemicalachiever0000bowd/page/59 59-63]}}</ref>
* [[Cato Maximilian Guldberg]] and [[Peter Waage]], building on [[Claude Louis Berthollet]]'s ideas, propose the [[law of mass action]].<ref name="GW1">{{cite journal|author1=Guldberg, C. M. |author2=Waage, P. |year=1864|title=Studies Concerning Affinity|journal=Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana|page=35}}</ref><ref name="GW2">{{cite journal|author=Waage, P.|title=Experiments for Determining the Affinity Law|journal=Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiania|year=1864|page=92}}</ref><ref name="GW3">{{cite journal|first=C. M.|last=Guldberg|title=Concerning the Laws of Chemical Affinity|journal=Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiania|year=1864|page=111}}</ref>