Editing 3rd millennium BC (section)

==Events==
[[File:Los Millares recreacion cuadro.jpg|thumb|A model of the prehistoric town of [[Los Millares]], with its walls.]]
Certain [[4th millennium BC]] events were precursors to the 3rd millennium BC:

* {{Circa|3700}}-1800 BC: [[Norte Chico civilization|Caral-Supe]] flourished between the fourth and second millennia BC, with the formation of the first city generally dated to around 3500 BC, at [[Huaricanga]], in the Fortaleza area. It is from 3100 BC onward that large-scale human settlement and communal construction become clearly apparent, which lasted until a period of decline around 1800 BC.
* {{Circa|3500 BC}}-3000 BC [[Huaricanga]] is the earliest city of the Norte Chico civilization, called Caral or Caral-Supe in Peru and Spanish language sources. "It existed around 3500 BC and was the oldest city in the Americas and one of the earliest cities in the world." It is located in the arid Fortaleza Valley on Peru's north central coast and is 14&nbsp;mi (23&nbsp;km) inland from the Pacific Ocean. The site covers a total area of 100 hectares, and is the largest Late Archaic construction in the Norte Chico region. The three earthwork mounds on the large site are believed to be remains of pyramidal-shaped structures. Two standing stones, known as huancas, also survive. Excavation in 2007 revealed a structure believed to be a temple, of a design similar to, but predating, the Mito architectural tradition seen in the Peruvian highlands. In addition, later research in the Fortaleza and Pativilca valleys has found evidence of maize cultivation, as well as fourteen other domesticated species of fruits and vegetables. This suggests that agriculture may have been more important to the development of Caral-Supe civilization than previously thought, as it was for other independent civilizations of the world, such as Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, and India.
* c. [[3700 BC]]: [[Lothal]]: Indus Valley trade-port city in [[India]].
* c. [[3650 BC]]–[[3000 BC]]: [[Minoan culture]] appeared on [[Crete]].
* c. [[3200 BC]]/[[3100 BC]]: [[Helladic culture]] and [[Cycladic culture]] both emerge in [[Greece]].
[[File:P1150890 Louvre stèle de victoire Akkad AO2678 rwk.jpg|thumb|Detail of a victory stele of [[Akkadian Empire|Akkadian]] king [[Rimush]]]]
The 3rd millennium BC included the following key events:

* c. [[3000 BC]]: [[Upper and Lower Egypt#Unification|Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt.]]
* c. [[3000 BC]]: First evidence of gold being used in the Middle East.
* c. [[3000 BC]]: Nubian [[A-Group]], Ta-Seeti "kingdom" came to an end, possibly due to raids by [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]].
* c. [[3000 BC]]–[[2000 BC]]: [[marine vessel|Vessels]] from [[Denmark]] are made; they are now at [[National Museum]], [[Copenhagen]].
* c. [[2890 BC]]: Second Dynasty of Egypt, reign of [[Hotepsekhemwy]].
* [[Syria]]: Foundation of the city of [[Mari, Syria|Mari]] ([[29th century BC]]).
* Semitic tribes occupy Assyria in northern part of the plain of Shinar and Akkad.
* Phoenicians settle on Syrian coast, with centers at [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]] and [[Sidon]].
* Beginning of the period of the mythical [[Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors|Sage Kings]] in China, also known as the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors.
* c. [[2879 BC]]: Rise of the [[Xích Quỷ]] Kingdom and the [[Hồng Bàng dynasty]] in northern [[Viet Nam]] and southern [[China]].

[[File:Marble seated harp player MET DP256380.jpg|thumb|Harp Player from the island of [[Keros]], made by the [[Cycladic culture]] sometime in the 28th century BC.]]

*{{Circa|2800 BC}}–2700 BC: Harp Player, from [[Keros]], [[Cyclades]], was made. It is now at the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], [[New York City|New York]].
*[[Iran]]: Creation of the Kingdom of [[Elamite Empire|Elam]].
*[[Germination]] of the [[Bristlecone pine]] tree "[[Methuselah (pine tree)|Methuselah]]" about [[2700 BC]], one of the oldest known [[trees]] still living now.
* c. [[2686 BC]]: Third Dynasty of Egypt, reign of [[Sanakhte]].
* c. [[2613 BC]]: Fourth Dynasty of Egypt, reign of [[Sneferu]].
* c. [[2600 BC]]: Founding of the Chalcolithic Iberian civilizations of [[Los Millares]] and [[Vila Nova de São Pedro|Zambujal]].
*[[2600 BC]]: Unified [[Indus Valley civilisation]].
* c. [[2500 BC]]: The state of [[Assyria]] is established.
* c. [[2500 BC]]: Excavation and development of the [[Hypogeum of Ħal-Saflieni]] at [[Paola, Malta]], a subterranean temple complex subsequently used as a [[necropolis]].
* c. [[2500 BC]]–[[2200 BC]]: Incised panel [[Frying pan (NAMA 4974)|"Frying pan"]], from [[Syros]], [[Cyclades]] is made; it is now at the [[National Archaeological Museum, Athens|National Archaeological Museum]], [[Athens]].
* {{Circa|2500 BC}}–2200 BC: Two figures of women, from the [[Cyclades]], are made; they are now at [[Goulandris Museum of Cycladic Art|Museum of Cycladic Art]], [[Athens]].
* Dynasty of [[Lagash]] in [[Sumer]].
*[[2474 BC]]–[[2398 BC]]: Golden age of [[Ur]] in [[Mesopotamia]].
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* c. [[2498 BC]]: Fifth Dynasty of [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]], reign of [[Userkaf]].
* c. [[2492 BC]]: The [[Armenia]]n patriarch [[Hayk]] defeats the [[Babylonia]]n king Bel (legendary account).
* c. [[2345 BC]]: Sixth Dynasty of [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]], reign of [[Teti]].
* 2334 BC: [[Sargon of Akkad]] conquers Mesopotamia, establishing the [[Akkadian Empire]].
* {{Circa|[[2300 BC]]}}: [[C-Group]] pastoralists arrive in Nubia.
* c. [[2181 BC]]: Seventh and Eighth Dynasty of Egypt (2181–2160).
* c. [[2160 BC]]: Ninth Dynasty of Egypt, reign of [[Akhtoy Meryibtowe]].
* c. [[2130 BC]]: Tenth Dynasty of Egypt, reign of [[Meryhathor]].
* c. [[2134 BC]]: Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt, reign of [[Mentuhotep I]].[[File:Indo-European migrations.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Early [[Indo-European migrations]] from the [[Pontic steppes]] and across Central Asia]]
*[[Megalith]]ic, [[Corded Ware culture]] and the [[Beaker people|Beaker]] flourish in [[Europe]].<ref name="dynamic changes"/>
* Sumerian poetry, lamenting the death of [[Tammuz (deity)|Tammuz]], the shepherd god.
* Sumerian cuneiform writing (reduces pictographs still in use to about 550 BC).
* Major religious festival in Sumeria celebrates victory of god of spring over goddess of chaos.
* Earliest [[Troy|Trojan]] culture.
* Glass beads in Egypt.
* The world's last surviving [[mammoth]] population, on [[Wrangel Island]] in the [[Arctic Ocean]], goes extinct, sometime between 2500 and 2000 BC.
* {{Circa|2070 BC}}–1600 BC: The first dynasty in traditional [[Chinese historiography]]--[[Xia dynasty]] begins in China.