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==== Byzantine Empire ==== * Summer – [[Siege of Chandax]]: A [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] fleet with an expeditionary force (comprising about 50,000 men) under [[Nikephoros II Phokas|Nikephoros Phokas]] lands on [[Emirate of Crete|Crete]]. Nikephoros defeats the Muslim resistance and begins a [[siege]] at the capital of [[Heraklion|Chandax]]. He decides to [[blockade]] the city for the winter, while his engineers begin to construct [[siege engine]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Romane|first1=Julian|title=Byzantium Triumphant|date=2015|publisher=Pen and Sword Books|location=Barnsley|isbn=978-1473845701|pages=5}}</ref> Emir [[Abd al-Aziz ibn Shu'ayb]] sends for aid by the [[Fatimid Caliphate|Fatimids]] in [[Ifriqiya]] and the [[Caliphate of Córdoba]] (modern [[Spain]]). * [[November 8]] – [[Battle of Andrassos]]: The Byzantines under [[Leo Phokas the Younger]] defeat the [[Hamdanid dynasty|Hamdanid]] army (30,000 men) in an [[ambush]] in the passages of the [[Cilicia]]n mountains, in south [[Asia Minor]] (modern-day [[Turkey]]). Emir [[Sayf al-Dawla]] barely manages to escape, and returns to [[Aleppo]] with only 300 horsemen. The Hamdanids can no longer afford to raid in [[Anatolia]], which is a turning point in the [[Arab-Byzantine wars]] in the East.
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