Editing AP Stylebook (section)

==History==
The Associated Press organization was first created in 1846. The first company-wide AP "guide" did not cover English grammar. It was more of a brochure with 24 pages of various titles and corporate structures of the Associated Press organization and was first published in 1900 under the title "The Associated Press".

Although a formal English grammar style guide did not exist across the organization through the 1800s, individual bureaus were known to have maintained similar internal style guides as early as the late 1870s. The first corporate-wide style guide, with a complete reference to American English words and grammar, was released in 1909, under the title: ''"The Associate Press Rules Regulations and General Orders"''.{{efn|The [[title page]] has a full title ''Hand Book and Manual of Resolutions of the Board of Directors/General Orders and Instructions to Employees of The Associated Press''.}}<ref name="cjr_1">{{Cite web|date=2018-06-05 |first=Merrill |last=Perlman |title=AP Stylebooks through the ages |website=[[Columbia Journalism Review]] |url=https://www.cjr.org/language_corner/ap-stylebooks-history.php|access-date=2023-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615053220/https://www.cjr.org/language_corner/ap-stylebooks-history.php |archive-date=June 15, 2018 }}</ref><ref name="AP_Stylebook_origins">{{Cite web|date=May 4, 2018 |first1=Graham |last1=Colton |first2=Amanda |last2=Drapiewski|title=Style guide superjam |website=ACES: The Society for Editing|url=https://aceseditors.org/news/2018/style-guide-superjam|access-date=2023-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929060108/https://aceseditors.org/news/2018/style-guide-superjam |archive-date=September 29, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|date=2019 |orig-date=1909 |location=New York |title=The Associated Press Rules Regulations and General Orders |url=http://droppdf.com/files/mbb5e/1909-rules-regulations-and-general-orders.pdf|access-date=2023-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929074402/http://droppdf.com/files/mbb5e/1909-rules-regulations-and-general-orders.pdf |archive-date=September 29, 2019 }}</ref>

By the early 1950s the publication was formalized into the ''AP Stylebook'' and became the leading professional English grammar reference by most member and non-member news bureaus throughout the world. Due to growing demand by non-member journalists and writers working in public-facing corporate communications, the AP published their first official "stylebook" for the general public in 1953 under the title ''Associated Press Style Book''; the first publication focused on "where the wire set a specific style".<ref name="poynter_1"/><ref name="AP_2013">{{Cite web|date=May 29, 2013 |title=AP Stylebook marks 60th anniversary with new print edition|website=[[Associated Press]] |url=http://www.ap.org/Content/Press-Release/2013/AP-Stylebook-marks-60th-anniversary-with-new-print-edition|access-date=2023-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602045515/http://www.ap.org/Content/Press-Release/2013/AP-Stylebook-marks-60th-anniversary-with-new-print-edition |archive-date=June 2, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=June 12, 2018 |first=Merrill |last=Perlman |title=The history of AP's guidance on language |website=[[Columbia Journalism Review]] |url=https://www.cjr.org/language_corner/ap-stylebooks-language.php|access-date=2023-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929051658/https://www.cjr.org/language_corner/ap-stylebooks-language.php |archive-date=September 29, 2019 }}</ref><ref name="usc1">''abridged version:'' {{cite web|url=http://www.jour.sc.edu/news/csj/CSJJuly07.html |title=Norm Goldstein, keeper of AP style  |publisher= Common Sense Journalism magazine  |date= July 2007|access-date=March 21, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921155446/http://www.jour.sc.edu/news/csj/CSJJuly07.html |archive-date=September 21, 2017 }};<br/> ''full version:'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20190929085144/http://commonsensej.blogspot.com/2007/07/norm-goldstein.html Norm Goldstein]. Common Sense Journalism blog, 2007</ref> For nearly a quarter century it assumed its reader had a "solid grounding in language and a good reference library" and thus omitted any guidelines in those broader areas.<ref name="usc1"/> In 1977, prompted by AP Executive News Editor [[Louis Boccardi|Lou Boccardi]]'s request for "more of a reference work", the organization started expanding the book and in 1977 produced a book that was different in a few fundamental regards.<ref name="usc1"/> Firstly, The structure was changed and entries were organized in alphabetical order so that users could find what they need in a timely manner.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Heath|first=Robert L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AgpzAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA35|title=Encyclopedia of Public Relations|date=2013-08-20|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-1-4522-7622-9|language=en |pages=35–36}}</ref> Secondly, in 1977 the book was published for the first time by a 3rd party publisher – [[Lorenz Press]].<ref>{{Cite book|date=1977 |title=The Associated Press stylebook and libel manual |edition=revised |publisher=Lorenz Press |isbn=9780893280161 |ol=26337279M |oclc=3499556 }}</ref> Thirdly, in 1977, [[United Press International]] and AP cooperated to produce stylebooks for each organization based on revisions and guidelines jointly agreed to by editors of both ''UPI Stylebook'' (Bobby Ray Miller) and ''AP Stylebook'' (Howard Angione).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.upiu.com/stylebook |title=Introduction to the UPI Stylebook|author= United Press International|date=2009|website= UPIU|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100725083426/http://www.upiu.com/stylebook|archive-date=July 25, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Dorfman_Fuller_1982">{{Cite book|first=Eileen |last=Alt Powell |editor-last1=Dorfman|editor-first1=Ron|url=http://archive.org/details/reportingwriting0000dorf|title=Reporting/writing/editing : the Quill guides to journalism|editor-last2=Fuller|editor-first2=Harry Jr. |date=1982|location=Dubuque, Iowa |publisher=Kendall/Hunt|via=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-8403-2832-8 |chapter=Media (is) (are) getting new 'bible': Stylebook publication under way (2 words) |pages=131–138}}</ref> In 1982, Eileen Alt Powell, a co-editor of ''AP Stylebook'' 1980 edition, stated that: {{Blockquote|1=Howard Angione... at times thought the task he and UPI counterpart Bobby Ray Miller had undertaken resembled the quest of Don Quixote. It was "an impossible dream", Angione said, to find style rules that pleased everyone, especially since even grammarians couldn't agree among themselves.<ref name="Dorfman_Fuller_1982"/>}}

In 1989, Norm Goldstein became the ''AP Stylebook'' lead editor, a job he held until the 2007 edition.<ref name="usc1"/> After publishing the final edition under his editorship, Goldstein commented on the future of the ''AP Stylebook''{{'}}s section on name references: {{Blockquote|1=I think the difference... now is that there is more information available on the Internet, and I'm not sure, and at least our executive editor is not sure, how much of a reference book we ought to be anymore. I think some of our historical background material like on previous hurricanes and earthquakes, that kind of encyclopedic material that's so easily available on the Internet now, might be cut back.<ref name="usc1"/>}}

After Norm Goldstein stepped down as lead editor in 2007, in bibliographical records for all subsequent editions starting from 2008 lead editors' names are usually not explicitly called out and the author is simply referred to as ''Associated Press'' or ''AP Editors''. In 2009 and 2011 the ''Stylebook'' was released as an app called ''AP Stylebook Mobile'' edition for iOS and BlackBerry, respectively,<ref>{{Cite web|first=Ryan |last=Blundell |date=March 25, 2011 |title=Has your inkwell run dry? The AP Stylebook for BlackBerry gives you a refill |website= CrackBerry.com|url=https://crackberry.com/has-your-inkwell-run-dry-ap-stylebook-blackberry-gives-you-refill|access-date=2023-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929061559/https://crackberry.com/has-your-inkwell-run-dry-ap-stylebook-blackberry-gives-you-refill |archive-date=September 29, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=September 25, 2009| first=Mallary Jean |last=Tenore |title=AP Stylebook iPhone App Launches Today, a Hybrid of Print & Online Versions |website=Poynter|url=https://www.poynter.org/reporting-editing/2009/ap-stylebook-iphone-app-launches-today-a-hybrid-of-print-online-versions/|access-date=2023-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929061148/https://www.poynter.org/reporting-editing/2009/ap-stylebook-iphone-app-launches-today-a-hybrid-of-print-online-versions/ |archive-date=September 29, 2019 }}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190928043433/https://legacy.apstylebook.com/?do=product&pid=mobile AP Stylebook Mobile]. legacy.apstylebook.com, 2014</ref> however it was later discontinued in 2015 in favor of users simply accessing the ''AP Stylebook'' online edition through their desktop or mobile browsers.<ref name="AP_2015_">{{Cite web|date=May 27, 2015|title=2015 AP Stylebook adds more than 300 new or revised entries|website=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://www.ap.org/press-releases/2015/2015-ap-stylebook-adds-more-than-300-new-or-revised-entries|access-date=2023-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929062455/https://www.ap.org/press-releases/2015/2015-ap-stylebook-adds-more-than-300-new-or-revised-entries |archive-date=September 29, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-28|title=APStylebook — Can I continue to use my old Stylebook Mobile app?|url=https://apstylebook.helpjuice.com/18959-ap-stylebook-online/can-i-continue-to-use-my-old-stylebook-mobile-app|access-date=2023-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928043645/https://apstylebook.helpjuice.com/18959-ap-stylebook-online/can-i-continue-to-use-my-old-stylebook-mobile-app |archive-date=September 28, 2019 |website=[[Associated Press]] }}</ref> In March 2019 AP created an ''Archived AP Stylebooks'' section on its apstylebook.com website where anyone can access previous versions of the ''AP Stylebook'' starting from 1900 "brochure on AP corporate structure" and all the way to 1977 edition.<ref name="poynter_1">{{Cite web|first=Kristen |last=Hare |date=March 28, 2019|title=You can now search really old AP Stylebooks and guides online |website=Poynter |url=https://www.poynter.org/reporting-editing/2019/you-can-now-search-really-old-ap-stylebooks-and-guides-online/|access-date=2023-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928224335/https://www.poynter.org/reporting-editing/2019/you-can-now-search-really-old-ap-stylebooks-and-guides-online/ |archive-date=September 28, 2019 }}</ref>

The first Spanish AP stylebook was created in 2012, after requests from the AP Mexico City bureau and others to develop such a stylebook. The bureau at the time was looking for ways to expand into Latin America while bridging the language barrier. In 2013 the AP Spanish Stylebook came into fruition and is now available to everyone.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Jean Tenore |first1=Mallary |title=AP Stylebook creates a Spanish version of the Stylebook to address changes in language |url=https://www.poynter.org/reporting-editing/2012/ap-stylebook-creates-a-spanish-language-stylebook-to-address-changes-in-language/ |website=Poynter.org |date=November 12, 2012 |access-date=10 June 2021}}</ref> The Spanish AP stylebook is also referred to as the ''Manual de Estilo''.

The most recent print edition is the 2020–2022 ''AP Stylebook'', available spiral-bound directly from AP, and as a [[Bookbinding#Thermally activated binding|perfect-bound]] paperback sold by [[Basic Books]]. Creation of ''AP Stylebook'' has been helmed by lead editor Paula Froke since 2016.<ref>{{cite web  |url=https://www.copyediting.com/guard-changes-on-ap-stylebook-team-of-editors/  |title=Guard Changes on 'AP Stylebook' Team of Editors  |access-date=July 19, 2016  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924222700/https://www.copyediting.com/guard-changes-on-ap-stylebook-team-of-editors/  |archive-date=September 24, 2016  |url-status=dead  }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=October 19, 2017|title=Froke named APME executive director and AP Stylebook editor|website=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://www.ap.org/ap-in-the-news/2017/froke-named-apme-executive-director-and-ap-stylebook-editor|access-date=2023-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929060021/https://www.ap.org/ap-in-the-news/2017/froke-named-apme-executive-director-and-ap-stylebook-editor |archive-date=September 29, 2019 }}</ref> In early 2023, the stylebook attracted attention for suggesting that "[[French people|the French]]" could be an offensive term in a tweet promoting [[people-first language]]; there was considerable mockery of the suggestion, and the AP subsequently retracted it.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cohen |first=Roger |date=2023-01-27 |title=The French Want to Remain the French |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/27/world/europe/ap-stylebook-the-french.html |access-date=2023-01-30 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-01-28 |title=AP deletes 'the French' tweet and apologises after it is widely mocked |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64436973 |access-date=2023-01-30}}</ref>

After American president [[Donald Trump]] issued [[Executive Order 14172]] to rename the [[Gulf of Mexico]] as the 'Gulf of America', the Associated Press style recommended both names were to be used, as "Mexico, as well as other countries and international bodies, do not have to recognize the name change", and "the Gulf of Mexico has carried that name for more than 400 years.<ref>{{cite news |title=AP reporter barred from White House over refusal to use 'Gulf of America' |url=https://www.france24.com/en/americas/20250212-ap-reporter-barred-from-white-house-over-refusal-to-use-gulf-of-america |access-date=February 14, 2025 |work=France24 |agency=Agence France-Presse |date=February 12, 2025}}</ref> Following this, Associated Press journalists were prevented from covering several events in the White House, due to the news agency's use of the 'Gulf of Mexico' name.<ref name=Bauder>{{cite news |last1=Bauder |first1=David |title=White House bars AP reporter from Oval Office because of AP style policy on 'Gulf of America' |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-ap-journalism-first-amendment-8a83d8b506053249598e807f8e91e1ae |access-date=February 14, 2025 |work=Associated Press |date=February 12, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Barr |first=Jeremy |date=2025-02-13 |title=Associated Press and the White House remain in standoff over access |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/media/2025/02/13/associated-press-gulf-of-america-media-access/ |access-date=February 13, 2025 |website=The Washington Post |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250214011912/https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/media/2025/02/13/associated-press-gulf-of-america-media-access/ |archive-date=February 14, 2025}}</ref> The White House then banned the Associated Press indefinitely from the [[Oval Office]] and [[Air Force One]] due to their reporting over the gulf's name.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Watson |first1=Kathryn |title=White House bars Associated Press from spaces like Oval Office and Air Force One |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/white-house-bars-associated-press-oval-office-air-force-one/ |access-date=February 15, 2025 |work=CBS News |date=February 14, 2025}}</ref>