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Abul-Abbas
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===Death=== In the year 810, Charlemagne left his palace and mounted a campaign intending to engage with King [[Gudfred]] of [[Denmark]] and his fleet that invaded and plundered [[Friesland]]. Charlemagne had crossed the [[Rhine River]] and tarried at a place called "Lippeham" awaiting troops for three days, when his elephant suddenly died.<ref name="ARF801-131">''Annales regni Francorum'' Anno 810 ({{Harvnb|Kurze|1895|p=131}}, [[Monumenta Germaniae Historica]] edition)</ref><ref name="Scholz091">{{Harvnb|Scholz|1970|pp=91}} (Eng. tr. of ''ARB'' = ''Royal Frankish Annals'')</ref> On the tacit assumption that Abul-Abbas was with Charlemagne when he died, some modern commentators venture that the beast had been brought to serve as a [[war elephant]].<ref name=war/><ref name="Dembeck264">{{cite book |last=Dembeck|first=Hermann|title=Animals and men |publisher=Natural History Press|year=1965|isbn= 1-598-84347-8|page=264|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1LS1AAAAIAAJ}} (Cf. Dembeck, ''Mit Tieren leben'', 1961)</ref><ref name="AiM">{{cite book |last= Kistler |first= John M. |title= Animals in the Military: From Hannibal's Elephants to the Dolphins of the U.S. Navy|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year= 2011 |isbn= 978-1-598-84347-7|page=91|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g9Bj-kyDi9AC&pg=PA91}}, citing Hodges, Richard. (cf. {{Harvnb|Kistler|Lair|2006}})</ref>
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