Editing Active site (section)

===Induced fit hypothesis===

[[Daniel E. Koshland Jr.|Daniel Koshland]]'s theory of enzyme-substrate binding is that the active site and the binding portion of the substrate are not exactly complementary.<ref name="Sullivan2008">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sullivan SM|date=2008|title=Enzymes with lid-gated active sites must operate by an induced fit mechanism instead of conformational selection|journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]]|volume=105|issue=37|pages=13829–13834|doi=10.1073/pnas.0805364105|pmc=2544539|pmid=18772387|bibcode=2008PNAS..10513829S|doi-access=free}}
</ref> The induced fit model is a development of the lock-and-key model and assumes that an active site is flexible and changes shape until the substrate is completely bound. This model is similar to a person wearing a glove: the glove changes shape to fit the hand. The enzyme initially has a conformation that attracts its substrate. Enzyme surface is flexible and only the correct catalyst can induce interaction leading to catalysis. Conformational changes may then occur as the substrate is bound. After the reaction products will move away from the enzyme and the active site returns to its initial shape. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that the entire protein domain could move several nanometers during catalysis. This movement of protein surface can create microenvironments that favour the catalysis.<ref name="Dagmar" />