Editing Adiponectin (section)

== Receptors ==
{{Main|Adiponectin receptor}}
Adiponectin binds to a number of receptors. So far, two [[receptor (biochemistry)|receptors]] have been identified with [[Homology (biology)|homology]] to [[G protein-coupled receptor]]s, and one receptor similar to the cadherin family:<ref name="pmid12802337">{{cite journal | vauthors = Yamauchi T, Kamon J, Ito Y, Tsuchida A, Yokomizo T, Kita S, Sugiyama T, Miyagishi M, Hara K, Tsunoda M, Murakami K, Ohteki T, Uchida S, Takekawa S, Waki H, Tsuno NH, Shibata Y, Terauchi Y, Froguel P, Tobe K, Koyasu S, Taira K, Kitamura T, Shimizu T, Nagai R, Kadowaki T | title = Cloning of adiponectin receptors that mediate antidiabetic metabolic effects | journal = Nature | volume = 423 | issue = 6941 | pages = 762–769 | date = June 2003 | pmid = 12802337 | doi = 10.1038/nature01705 | s2cid = 52860797 | bibcode = 2003Natur.423..762Y }}</ref><ref name="pmid15210937">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hug C, Wang J, Ahmad NS, Bogan JS, Tsao TS, Lodish HF | title = T-cadherin is a receptor for hexameric and high-molecular-weight forms of Acrp30/adiponectin | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 101 | issue = 28 | pages = 10308–10313 | date = July 2004 | pmid = 15210937 | pmc = 478568 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0403382101 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2004PNAS..10110308H }}</ref>
* [[Adiponectin receptor 1]] (AdipoR1)
* [[Adiponectin receptor 2]] (AdipoR2)
* [[T-cadherin|T-cadherin - CDH13]]

These have distinct tissue specificities within the body and have different affinities to the various forms of adiponectin. AdipoR1 is enriched in skeletal muscle, whereas AdipoR2 is enriched in liver.<ref name="pmid31706980" /> Six months of exercise has been shown in rats to double muscle AdipoR1.<ref name="pmid31706980" />

The receptors affect the downstream target [[AMP-activated protein kinase|AMP kinase]], an important cellular metabolic rate control point. Expression of the receptors is correlated with insulin levels, as well as reduced in mouse models of diabetes, particularly in [[skeletal muscle]] and adipose tissue.<ref name="pmid17052201">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fang X, Sweeney G | title = Mechanisms regulating energy metabolism by adiponectin in obesity and diabetes | journal = Biochemical Society Transactions | volume = 34 | issue = Pt 5 | pages = 798–801 | date = November 2006 | pmid = 17052201 | doi = 10.1042/BST0340798 | s2cid = 1473301 }}</ref><ref name="pmid18222103">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bonnard C, Durand A, Vidal H, Rieusset J | title = Changes in adiponectin, its receptors and AMPK activity in tissues of diet-induced diabetic mice | journal = Diabetes & Metabolism | volume = 34 | issue = 1 | pages = 52–61 | date = February 2008 | pmid = 18222103 | doi = 10.1016/j.diabet.2007.09.006 }}</ref>

In 2016, the University of Tokyo announced that it would launch an investigation into claims of fabrication of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 identification data, as accused by an anonymous person/group called [[Ordinary_researchers]].<ref name="Dennis">[https://www.science.org/content/article/university-tokyo-investigate-data-manipulation-charges-against-six-prominent-research University of Tokyo to investigate data manipulation charges against six prominent research groups] ScienceInsider, Dennis Normile, Sep 20, 2016</ref>