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Aid climbing
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==Equipment== {{see also|Rock-climbing equipment}} {{multiple image | perrow = 2 | align = right | total_width = 350 | header = Aid climbing equipment | image1 = Laddder aider.jpg | caption1 = [[Aider]] | image2 = Daisychainclimbing.JPG | caption2 = [[Daisy chain (climbing)|Daisy chain]] | image4 = Skyhook.jpg | caption4 = [[skyhook (climbing)|Skyhook]] | image3 = Profilhaken.jpg | caption3 = [[Piton]] }} Modern aid climbing typically uses most of the equipment used in [[traditional climbing#Equipment|traditional climbing]] and particularly the protection equipment of traditional climbing (e.g. [[Nut (climbing)|nuts]], [[Hex (climbing)|hexcentrics]] and [[tricam]]s, and [[spring-loaded camming device]]s) that are needed for clean aid climbing.<ref name=MFOH15/> Where aid climbing is done as part of [[big wall climbing]] β which is normally its most common format β then even more [[big wall climbing#Equipment|equipment]] is required (e.g. including [[haul bag]]s, hauling pulleys and [[trail rope]]s; [[portaledge]]s, and [[poop tube]]s).<ref name=MFOH15/><ref name=CL1>{{cite web | magazine=[[Climbing (magazine)|Climbing]] | url=https://www.climbing.com/skills/how-to-climb-a-big-wall/ | title=Everything You Need to Know for Your First Big Wall | first=Mark | last=Synott | date=23 February 2022 | accessdate=16 May 2023}}</ref> A number of unique items of equipment are also used in aid climbing:<ref name=MFOH15>{{cite book | date=2018 | title=[[Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills]] | edition=9th | isbn=978-1846892622 | publisher=Quiller Publishing | author=[[The Mountaineers (club)|The Mountaineers]] |chapter=Chapter 15. Aid and Big Wall Climbing | pages=276β317}}</ref><ref name=CL10>{{cite web | website=[[Climbing (magazine)|Climbing]] | url=https://www.climbing.com/skills/big-wall-kit/ | first=Julie | last=Ellison | date=16 December 2013 | accessdate=18 May 2023 | title=Big Wall Kit}}</ref><ref name=BK1>{{cite book | title=Big Wall Climbing: Elite Technique | date=2005 | publisher=Mountaineers Books | edition=1st | isbn=978-0898867480 | first=Jared| last=Ogden | chapter=Chapter 1: Fundamentals | pages=16β56}}</ref> ===Fixed placement equipment=== Before the introduction of clean aid climbing, placements were [[rock climbing hammer|hammered-in]] by the aid climber as they ascended, with metal [[piton]]s hammered into cracks being a common placement (and the various piton types including [[Lost Arrow]]s, [[Bong (climbing)|bongs]], [[Piton#Styles and shapes|angles]] and [[knifeblade]]s), but also including [[Copperhead (climbing)|copperheads]] (or heads); aid climbers may also use bolt kits to place fixed [[bolt (climbing)|bolt]]s where there are no suitable cracks for pitons while ascending.<ref name=MFOH15/> ===Aiders and daisy chain systems=== The equipment used to ascend via the hammered in placements are dual sets of [[aider]]s, which are like ladders made of [[webbing]] material, and come in various styles including adjustable strap-aiders, and stirrup-style "etriers". These aiders are attached to the aid climber via a matching dual set of [[daisy chain (climbing)|daisy chains]] (which can be loop-style or adjustable), and the aid climber will use [[fifi hook]]s to manage the effective length of the daisy chains.<ref name=MFOH15/> ===Hooks and hangers=== Various types of rock climbing use hooks as temporary placements, but they feature most commonly in aid climbing where on more difficult aid-climbing routes (e.g. grades above A2+), the aid climber is expected to be able to use placements that can only handle their static bodyweight (but may otherwise fail in the case of a dynamic fall); the range of hook types used in aid climbing includes [[Skyhook (climbing)|skyhooks]], cam hooks and [[rivet hanger]]s.<ref name=MFOH15/> ===Ascenders and fixed rope jumaring equipment=== Aid climbing, and particularly for the belayer following the lead aid climbing, usually employ [[fixed rope]] ascending equipment, with [[Ascender (climbing)|ascenders]] being the most common devices, to reduce the effort on long big wall aid climbs.<ref name=MFOH15/>
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