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Alejandro Jodorowsky
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=== Performing arts career and Panic Movement foundation === Jodorowsky moved to France as he felt there was little for him left in Chile.<ref name="Church" /> He settled in [[Paris]] and started to study philosophy at the [[Paris-Sorbonne University]].<ref name="theparisreview.org"/> He also started to study mime with French actor [[Étienne Decroux]] and joined the troupe of one of Decroux's students, [[Marcel Marceau]]. It was with Marceau's troupe that he went on a world tour, and wrote several routines for the group, including "The Cage" and "The Mask Maker". After this, he returned to theatre directing, working on the music hall comeback of [[Maurice Chevalier]] in Paris.<ref name="Church" /> In 1960, Jodorowsky moved to Mexico, where he settled down in [[Mexico City]]. He continued to return occasionally to France, on one occasion visiting the [[Surrealism|Surrealist]] artist [[André Breton]], but had increasingly felt disillusioned by him as he felt he had become somewhat conservative in his old age.<ref name="Church" /> Continuing his interest in surrealism, in 1962 he founded the [[Panic Movement]] along with [[Fernando Arrabal]] and [[Roland Topor]]. The movement aimed to go beyond conventional surrealist ideas by embracing absurdism. Its members refused to take themselves seriously, while laughing at those critics who did.<ref name="Church" /> It was in Mexico City that he encountered {{ill|Ejo Takata|es|Ejo Takata|v=ib}} (1928–1997), a [[Zen Buddhism|Zen Buddhist]] monk who had studied at the [[Hōryū-ji|Horyu-ji]] and [[Shōfuku-ji (Fukuoka)|Shofuku-ji]] monasteries in Japan before traveling to Mexico via the U.S. in 1967 to spread Zen. Jodorowsky became a disciple of Takata and offered his own house to be turned into a [[zendo|Zendō]]. Subsequently, Takata attracted other disciples around him, who spent their time in [[meditation]] and the study of [[koan]]s.{{sfn|Jodorowsky|2005|pp=2–4}} Eventually, Takata instructed Jodorowsky that he had to learn more about his feminine side, and so he went and befriended the English surrealist [[Leonora Carrington]], who had recently moved to Mexico.{{sfn|Jodorowsky|2005|p=24}}
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