Editing Angklung (section)

==Varieties==
===Traditional {{Lang|su|Angklung}}===
===={{Lang|su|Angklung kanekes}}====
[[File:Angklung-Baduy.jpg|thumb|upright|{{Lang|su|Angklung kanekes {{lang|en|or}} Angklung Buhun {{lang|en|or}} Angklung [[Baduy people|Baduy]]}}, [[Banten]]]]
{{Lang|su|Angklung kanekes}} or {{Lang|su|Angklung buhun}} or {{Lang|su|Angklung [[Baduy people|baduy]]}} is an ancient {{Lang|su|angklung}} originating from the [[Baduy people|Baduy]] in [[Lebak Regency|Lebak]], the [[Banten]] province of Indonesia. This {{Lang|su|angklung}} is used to accompany the ritual of planting rice on the fields passed down by their ancestors. {{Lang|su|Angklung kanekes}} are only made by the Baduy Dalam tribe who still maintain the pure traditions of their ancestors. The names of {{Lang|su|angklung}} instruments in Kanekes from the biggest are: {{Lang|su|indung, ringkung, dongdong, gunjing, engklok, indung leutik, torolok}}, and {{Lang|su|roel}}.<ref name="Kabupaten Purwakarta">{{cite web|title=ANGKLUNG, Alat musik tradisional ini terbuat dari tabung-tabung bambu|url=https://disdik.purwakartakab.go.id/angklung|publisher=Government of Purwakarta |access-date=5 January 2021}}</ref>

===={{Lang|su|Angklung dogdog lojor}}====
{{Lang|su|Angklung dogdog lojor}} is an {{Lang|su|angklung}} that originates from the Dogdog Lojor culture found in the Kasepuhan Pancer Pangawinan community or Kesatuan [[Banten]] Kidul scattered around [[Mount Halimun]]. {{Lang|su|Angklung dogdog lojor}} is used to accompany the tradition of farming, circumcision, and marriage. This {{Lang|su|angklung}} is played by six players consisting of two players playing the {{Lang|su|angklung dogdog lojor}} and four players playing the large {{Lang|su|angklung}}.<ref name="Kabupaten Purwakarta"/><ref name="CNN Indonesia">{{cite web|title=Sejarah Angklung, Jenis, dan Cara Memainkan|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/hiburan/20201204124339-246-577949/sejarah-angklung-jenis-dan-cara-memainkan|publisher=cnnindonesia|access-date=5 January 2021}}</ref>

===={{Lang|su|Angklung gabrag}}====
{{Lang|su|Angklung gabrag}} is an {{Lang|su|angklung}} originating from Cipinang village, Cigudeg, [[Bogor]], [[West Java]]. This {{Lang|su|angklung}} is very old and is used to honor the goddess of rice, [[Dewi Sri]]. {{Lang|su|Angklung}} is played during {{Lang|su|melak pare}} (rice planting), {{Lang|su|ngunjal pare}} (transporting rice), and {{Lang|su|ngadiukeun}} (storage) in the {{Lang|su|leuit}} (barn). According to legend, {{Lang|su|gubrag angklung}} began to exist when Cipining village experienced a dry season because [[Dewi Sri]] did not make it rain.<ref name="Kabupaten Purwakarta"/>

===={{Lang|su|Angklung badeng}}====
{{Lang|su|Angklung badeng}} is an {{Lang|su|angklung}} originating from [[Garut]], [[West Java]]. Initially, this {{Lang|su|angklung}} was used for the ritual of planting rice, but now it has shifted to be used to accompany the preaching of Islam. It takes nine {{Lang|su|angklung}} to complete the {{Lang|su|da'wah}} accompaniment process consisting of two {{Lang|su|angklung roel}}, one {{Lang|su|angklung kecer}}, four {{Lang|su|angklung indung}}, two {{Lang|su|angklung anak}}, two {{Lang|su|angklung dogdogs}}, and two {{Lang|su|gembyung}}.<ref name="CNN Indonesia"/>

===={{Lang|su|Angklung bungko}}====
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Enkelvellige cilindrische trom van bamboe TMnr 15-435.jpg|thumb|upright|{{Lang|su|Angklung Dogdog Lojor}}.]]
{{Lang|su|Angklung bungko}} is an {{Lang|su|angklung}} that originates in Bungko village, [[Cirebon]], [[West Java]]. {{Lang|su|Angklung Bungko}} is played with other musical instruments such as [[kendang]], {{Lang|su|tutukan, klenong}} and [[gong]]s. In ancient times, {{Lang|su|angklung bungko}} was a musical accompaniment to fights between villagers. The existing {{Lang|su|angklung bungko}} consists of three pieces which are believed to be 600 years old. This old {{Lang|su|angklung}} is believed to have originated from Ki Gede Bungko, the elder of Bungko village, as well as the Commander of the Navy of the [[Cirebon Sultanate]] in the [[Sunan Gunung Jati]] era around the 15th century. This {{Lang|su|angklung}} cannot be played anymore because it is fragile. The people believe that {{Lang|su|angklung bungko}} has magical powers. In ancient times, if a child was sick, when the {{Lang|su|angklung bungko}} was played around the village and accompanied by a dance, the child could recover on their own.<ref name="Kabupaten Cirebon">{{cite web|title=Angklung Bungko|url=http://www.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id/wisata/dest-det.php?id=301&lang=id|publisher=Government of West Java |access-date=6 January 2021}}</ref>

===={{Lang|su|Angklung badud}}====
{{Lang|su|Angklung badud}} is a type of {{Lang|su|angklung}} that is used for performing arts at parades or carnivals. The art of {{Lang|su|badud angklung}} was born and preserved in Parakanhonje Village, Indihiang District, [[Tasikmalaya]] City, [[West Java]]. Under the care of the Kanca Indihiang Big Family, {{Lang|su|angklung badud}} in its era around the 70s can be known everywhere.{{Clarify|date=May 2021}} The main function of {{Lang|su|angklung badud}} in society is to entertain children before the circumcision ritual. Before the invention of local anesthetics, a child who was going to be circumcised early in the morning would be paraded to the pool ({{Lang|su|balong}}) to soak in it. {{Lang|su|Angklung badud}} would be played on the way to and from the pool as the people watched, similar to a parade.<ref name="Kota Tasikmalaya">{{cite web|title=Angklung Badud|url=http://www.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id/wisata/dest-det.php?id=344&lang=id|publisher=Government of West Java |access-date=6 January 2021}}</ref>

===={{Lang|su|Angklung buncis}}====
[[File:Seren Taun 1012 Bogor A.jpg|thumb|{{Lang|su|Angklung Buncis}} in [[Seren taun]] ceremony in [[Bogor]], [[West Java]].]]
{{Lang|su|Angklung buncis}} is an {{Lang|su|angklung}} used for entertainment, such as the {{Lang|su|angklung}} in the Baros area, Arjasari, [[Bandung]], [[West Java]]. The instruments used in the art of {{Lang|su|angklung buncis}} are two {{Lang|su|angklung indung}}, two {{Lang|su|angklung ambrug}}, {{Lang|su|angklung panempas}}, two {{Lang|su|angklung pancer}}, one {{Lang|su|angklung enclok}}, three {{Lang|su|dogdogs}} (one {{Lang|su|talingtit}}, one {{Lang|su|panunggung}}, and one {{Lang|su|badublag}}). {{Lang|su|Tarompet}}, {{Lang|su|kecrek}}, and [[gong]]s have been added over time. The {{Lang|su|angklung buncis}} has a {{Lang|su|[[Slendro|salendro]]}} tone and a vocal song can be {{Lang|su|[[madenda]]}} or {{Lang|su|[[degung]]}}.<ref name="Kabupaten Bandung">{{cite web|title=Angklung Buncis|url=http://www.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id/wisata/dest-det.php?id=369&lang=id|publisher=Government of West Java |access-date=6 January 2021}}</ref>

Initially, {{Lang|su|angklung buncis}} was used in agricultural events related to rice. Nowadays, {{Lang|su|angklung buncis}} is used as entertainment. This is related to societal changes and less emphasis on traditional beliefs. The 1940s can be considered the end of the ritual function of {{Lang|su|angklung buncis}} in honor of rice because it has since turned into an entertainment form. In addition, rice storage barns ({{Lang|su|leuit}}) began to disappear from people's homes, replaced by sack places that were more practical and easy to carry. Many of the rice is now sold directly, not stored in barns. Thus the art of {{Lang|su|angklung buncis}} that was used for the {{Lang|su|ngunjal}} (rice-carrying) ritual is no longer needed. The name of the {{Lang|su|angklung buncis}} is related to the well-known lyrics "{{Lang|su|cis kacang buncis nyengcle...}}". The text is part of the art of {{Lang|su|angklung buncis}}, so this art form is called {{Lang|su|buncis}}.<ref name="Direktoral Jenderal Kebudayaan">{{cite web|title=Angklung Buncis|url=https://warisanbudaya.kemdikbud.go.id/?newdetail&detailTetap=678|publisher=Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan|access-date=6 January 2021}}</ref>

===={{Lang|su|Angklung calung}}====
{{Lang|su|Angklung calung}} or {{Lang|su|calung}} is a prototype musical instrument made of bamboo. In contrast to the {{Lang|su|angklung}} which is played by shaking, the {{Lang|su|calung}} is played by hitting the rods ({{Lang|su|wilahan, bilah}}) of sections of bamboo tubes arranged according to {{Lang|su|titi laras}} (pentatonic scales), {{Lang|su|da-mi-na-ti-la}}. Most commonly {{Lang|su|calung}} are made from {{Lang|su|awi wulung}} (black bamboo), but some are made from {{Lang|su|awi temen}} (white bamboo).

The meaning of {{Lang|su|calung}}, apart from being a musical instrument, is also attached to the term performance art. There are two known forms of {{Lang|su|calung Sunda}}, namely {{Lang|su|calung rantay}} and {{Lang|su|calung jinjing}}. This musical instrument is a traditional Sundanese musical instrument, which is also known and developed in the Banyumas region. When playing the {{Lang|su|calung rantay}}, the player usually plays by sitting cross-legged, while a person playing {{Lang|su|calung jinjing}} carries the bamboo that has been lined up and plays it while standing. Initially, {{Lang|su|calung}} was performed to accompany Sundanese traditional ceremonies as a ritual for the celebration of the people of West Java, but with the development of the {{Lang|su|calung}} era, it began to be used as a musical instrument for entertainment.<ref name="Indonesia Kaya">{{cite web|title='Calung' Alat Musik yang Menghasilkan Harmoni Indah|url=https://www.indonesiakaya.com/jelajah-indonesia/detail/calung-alat-musik-yang-menghasilkan-harmoni-indah|publisher=Indonesia Kaya|access-date=6 January 2021}}</ref>

===={{Lang|su|Angklung Reog}}====
Angklung Reog is a musical instrument to accompany the [[Reog]] Ponorogo Dance in [[East Java]]. Angklung Reog has a characteristic in terms of a very loud sound, has two tones and an attractive curved shape of rattan (unlike the usual angklung in the form of a cube) decorated with beautiful colored fringed threads.
It is said that angklung was a weapon from the kingdom of Bantarangin against the kingdom of Lodaya in the 11th century, when the victory by the kingdom of Bantarangin was happy, the soldiers were no exception, the angklung holder was no exception, because of the extraordinary strength of the reinforcement of the rope, it loosened to produce a distinctive sound, namely klong-klok. and klung-kluk when heard will feel spiritual vibrations.

===={{Lang|su|Angklung Reog Gong Gumbeng}}====
Is a type of Angklung Reog from Sambit, [[Ponorogo]]. Shaped like Angklung Reyog but arranged from small to the largest angklung with various tones, Gong Gumbeng Angklung is the first and oldest type of pitched angklung. A set of angklung Gong Gumbeng that is more than 250 years old is now stored in the Sri Baduga Bandung Museum. 

===={{Lang|su|Angklung Bali}}====
Balinese angklung called Rindik has a distinctive Balinese shape and tone. The angklung Rindik is played by hitting the bamboo like a gamelan. Rindik Bali was originally Angklung Reog from Ponorogo who was brought by later [[Majapahit]] officials.

===Modern {{Lang|su|angklung}} or {{Lang|su|Angklung padaeng}}===
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Xylofoon van bamboe met vijftien toetsen onderdeel van tjalung-ensemble TMnr 1029-11a.jpg|thumb|{{Lang|su|[[Calung]] rantai}}, [[West Java]], before 1936.]]
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Portret van de muziekpedagoog Daeng Sutigna TMnr 20000362.jpg|thumb|upright|Daeng Soetigna in 1971.]]
{{Lang|su|Angklung padaeng}} is a musical instrument made of bamboo which is a modern variant of {{Lang|su|angklung}}. Traditional {{Lang|su|angklung}} used the {{Lang|su|[[slendro]], [[pelog]]}}, and {{Lang|su|[[madenda]]}} scales. In 1938, [[Daeng Soetigna]] made an innovation so that the {{Lang|su|angklung}} could play [[Diatonic scale|diatonic]] notes. To appreciate his work, this {{Lang|su|angklung}} was named {{Lang|su|angklung padaeng}}, which comes from the words {{Lang|su|Pa}} (father, respected adult male) and {{Lang|su|Daeng}} (the inventor's name). The tuning used is diatonic, according to the western music system, and can even be presented in an orchestral form.<ref name="Kabupaten Purwakarta"/>

In line with [[music theory]], the {{Lang|su|angklung padaeng}} is divided into two groups: the melodic {{Lang|su|angklung}} and the {{Lang|su|akompanimen angklung}}. A melody {{Lang|su|angklung}} specifically consists of two sound tubes with a pitch difference of one octave. In one {{Lang|su|angklung}} unit, generally there are 31 small melodic {{Lang|su|angklung}} and 11 large melodic {{Lang|su|angklung}}. Meanwhile, the {{Lang|su|akompanimen angklung}} is used as an accompaniment to play harmonic tones. The voice tube consists of three to four, according to a diatonic chord. After Daeng Soetigna's innovation, other reforms continued to develop. Some of them are {{Lang|su|sarinande angklung, arumba, toel angklung}}, and {{Lang|su|Sri Murni angklung}}. After Daeng Soetigna, one of his students, Udjo Ngalagena, continued his efforts by establishing {{Lang|su|saung angklung}} in the [[Bandung]] area. To this day, the area known as {{Lang|su|Saung Angklung Udjo}} is still a center of creativity with regard to {{Lang|su|angklung}}.

===={{Lang|su|Angklung sarinande}}====
[[File:Raffles Javanese manufacturing tools and handicrafts.png|thumb|upright|{{Lang|su|Angklung}} musical instrument, [[The History of Java]] by [[Thomas Stamford Raffles]] (1817).]]
{{Lang|su|Angklung sarinande}} is a term for {{Lang|su|angklung padaeng}} that only uses round tones (without chromatic tones) with a basic tone of C. The small unit of {{Lang|su|angklung sarinande}} contains 8 angklung (Low to High Do tones), while {{Lang|su|angklung sarinande}} plus contains 13 angklung (Low to High Sol until High mi).<ref name="Kumparan">{{cite web|title=7 Jenis Angklung, Alat Musik yang Ada di Indonesia|url=https://kumparan.com/berita-update/7-jenis-angklung-alat-musik-yang-ada-di-indonesia-1v9RRkfH47V/full|publisher=kumparan.com|access-date=23 June 2021}}</ref>

===={{Lang|su|Angklung arumba}}====
{{Lang|su|Angklung arumba}} is a musical ensemble of various musical instruments made of [[bamboo]]. {{Lang|su|Angklung arumba}} was born around the 1960s in [[West Java]], Indonesia, and is now a typical West Javanese musical instrument. In 1964, Yoes Roesadi and his friends formed a musical group that specifically added angklung to its ensemble line. They got the idea to call themselves the Arumba group (Alunan Rumpun Bambu – Strains of Bamboo). With the passage of time, the term arumba finally stuck as an ensemble of bamboo music from [[West Java]].
{{Lang|su|Angklung arumba}} is a term for a set of musical instruments consisting of at least:<ref name="UM Surabaya">{{cite web|title=Angklung|url=http://p2k.um-surabaya.ac.id/ind/2-3045-2942/Angklung_27430_um-surabaya_p2k-um-surabaya.html#Arumba|publisher=um-surabaya.ac.id|access-date=23 June 2021}}</ref>
*) ''Angklung'' – One unit of melody angklung, hung so that it can be played by one person
*) ''Lodong'' (big bamboo) – One lodong bass unit, also lined up so that it can be played by one person
*) ''Gambang I'' – Melody bamboo xylophone
*) ''Gambang II'' – Companion bamboo xylophone
*) ''Kendang'' – Traditional drum

===={{Lang|su|Angklung toel}}====
{{Lang|su|Angklung toel}} is a new innovation from conventional angklung which was already legendary. The difference between Angklung toel and the angklung that people have known so far lies in its placement. This angklung has a waist-high frame with several angklungs lined up upside down and given a rubber band. How to play it is quite unique, almost similar to playing the piano. People who want to play {{Lang|su|Angklung toel}} simply 'touch' (toel) the angklung according to the tone and the angklung will vibrate for a while because of the rubber.<ref name="kumparan">{{cite web|title=7 Jenis Angklung, Alat Musik yang Ada di Indonesia|url=https://kumparan.com/berita-update/7-jenis-angklung-alat-musik-yang-ada-di-indonesia-1v9RRkfH47V/full|publisher=kumparan.com|access-date=11 July 2021}}</ref>

Angklung toel was created by Kang Yayan Udjo from Saung Angklung Udjo in 2008. With this Angklung toel, giving a new color to the world of angklung, this type of angklung makes playing it easier and simpler.

===={{Lang|su|Angklung sri murni}}====
{{Lang|su|Angklung sri murni}} was created from the idea of Eko Mursito Budi for the purposes of angklung robots. One angklung uses two or more sound tubes with the same tone, so that it will produce a pure tone (mono-tonal).<ref name="kumparan">{{cite web|title=7 Jenis Angklung, Alat Musik yang Ada di Indonesia|url=https://kumparan.com/berita-update/7-jenis-angklung-alat-musik-yang-ada-di-indonesia-1v9RRkfH47V/full|publisher=kumparan.com|access-date=11 July 2021}}</ref> This is different from the multi-tonal in angklung Padaeng. With this simple idea, the robot can easily play a combination of several angklungs simultaneously to imitate the effects of melodic angklung and accompaniment angklung.

<gallery mode="packed">
File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Muzikanten met angklungs en tifa's Batavia TMnr 10017848.jpg|{{Lang|su|Angklung}} performance in [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]] (now Jakarta), c. 1910–1930.
File:Angklung (2315119130).jpg|{{Lang|su|Angklung}} display.
File:Bali, gamelan player 2.jpg|{{Lang|su|Calung [[Bali]] (Rindhik)}}.
File:Pentas Seni Calung Menghibur Warga, Malam Kesenian 17 Agustus.jpg|{{Lang|su|Calung jinjing}} performance in [[West Java]].
</gallery>