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Anxiolytic
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==Medications== Anti-anxiety medication is any drug that can be taken or prescribed for the treatment of [[anxiety disorder]]s, which may be mediated by neurotransmitters like [[norepinephrine]], [[serotonin]], [[dopamine]], and [[Γ-Aminobutyric acid|gamma-aminobutyric acid]] (GABA) in the [[central nervous system]].<ref name="Cleveland">{{Cite web |title=Anxiolytics and you: How anxiety medications can help. |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24776-anxiolytics |access-date=2024-01-15 |website=Cleveland Clinic |language=en}}</ref> Anti-anxiety medication can be classified into six types according to their different mechanisms: [[antidepressant]]s, [[benzodiazepine]]s, [[azapirone]]s, [[antiepileptics]], [[antipsychotic]]s, and [[beta blockers]].<ref name="Cleveland" /><ref name="CAMH">{{Cite web |title=Anxiety: Pharmacotherapy |url=https://www.camh.ca/en/professionals/treating-conditions-and-disorders/anxiety-disorders/anxiety---treatment/anxiety---pharmacotherapy |access-date=2024-01-15 |website=CAMH |language=en-CA}}</ref> Antidepressants include [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor]]s (SSRIs), [[serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor]]s (SNRIs), [[tricyclic antidepressant]]s (TCAs), and [[monoamine oxidase inhibitor]]s (MAOIs). SSRIs are used in all types of anxiety disorders while SNRIs are used for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Both of them are considered as first-line anti-anxiety medications. TCAs are second-line treatment as they cause more significant adverse effects when compared to the first-line treatment. Benzodiazepines are effective in emergent and short-term treatment of anxiety disorders due to their fast onset but carry the risk of dependence.<ref name="CAMH" /> [[Buspirone]] is indicated for GAD, which has much slower onset but with the advantage of less sedating and withdrawal effects.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Cassano |first1=Giovanni B. |last2=Rossi |first2=Nicolò Baldini |last3=Pini |first3=Stefano |date=2002 |title=Psychopharmacology of anxiety disorders |journal=Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=271–285 |doi=10.31887/DCNS.2002.4.3/gcassano |issn=1294-8322 |pmc=3181684 |pmid=22033867}}</ref>
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