Editing Apitherapy (section)

== Risks ==
[[Adverse effect|Adverse reactions]] to bee venom therapy are frequent.<ref name="Park2015">{{cite journal |last1=Park |first1=Jeong Hwen |last2=Yim |first2=Bo Kyung |last3=Lee |first3=Jun-Hwan |last4=Lee |first4=Sangun |last5=Kim |first5=Tae-Hun |date=21 May 2015 |title=Risk Associated with Bee Venom Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=10 |issue=5 |page= e0126971|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0126971|pmid=25996493 |pmc=4440710 |bibcode=2015PLoSO..1026971P |doi-access=free }}</ref> Frequent exposure to the venom can also lead to [[arthropathy]].<ref name="arthropathy">{{cite journal|last1=Cuende|first1=E.|last2=Fraguas|first2=J.|last3=Pena|first3=J.E.|last4=Pena|first4=F.|last5=Garcia|first5=J.C.|last6=Gonzalez|first6=M.|title=Beekeeper's Arthropathy|journal=The Journal of Rheumatology|date=1999|volume=26|issue=12|pages=2684–2690|doi=10.1016/j.reuma.2018.02.012|pmid=29530760|s2cid=165720541 }}</ref> In sensitized persons, venom compounds can act as allergens, causing a spectrum of allergic reactions that can range from mild, local swelling to severe systemic reactions, [[anaphylactic shock]], or even death.<ref name="spaindeath">{{cite journal|last1=Vazquez-Revuelta, Madrigal-Burgaleta|title=Death due to Live Bee Acupuncture Apitherapy|volume=28|issue=1|pages=45–46|url=http://www.jiaci.org/revistas/vol28issue1_6-2.pdf|journal=The Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology|publisher=Esmon|access-date=21 March 2018|pmid=29461208|year=2018|doi=10.18176/jiaci.0202|doi-access=free}}</ref>

In March 2018, it was reported that a 55-year-old woman died after receiving "live bee [[acupuncture]]", suffering a severe anaphylactic episode which the apitherapy practitioner did not respond to by administering adrenaline.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.sfgate.com/science/article/bee-sting-acupuncture-apitherapy-death-12768293.php|title=Woman dies after undergoing 'bee acupuncture' treatment famously touted by Gwyneth Paltrow|work=SFGate|access-date=2018-03-21}}</ref> While stabilized by ambulance personnel on the way to the hospital, she died a few weeks later from complications resulting in [[multiple organ dysfunction syndrome|multiple organ failure]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Lagerquist|first1=Jeff|title=Woman's death after bee sting therapy shows the practice is 'unsafe': study|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/woman-s-death-after-bee-sting-therapy-shows-practice-is-unsafe-study-1.3850922|website=CTV News|date=20 March 2018|publisher=Bell Media|access-date=21 March 2018}}</ref>
Live bee acupuncture therapy is "unsafe and unadvisable", according to researchers who studied the case.<ref name="spaindeath" />