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April 8
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===1601β1900=== *[[1605]] – The city of [[Oulu]], Finland, is founded by [[Charles IX of Sweden]].<ref>[https://www.ouka.fi/oulu/english/some-history Some History] β City of Oulu</ref> *[[1730]] – [[Congregation Shearith Israel|Shearith Israel]], the first [[synagogue]] in continental North America, is dedicated.<ref>{{cite book|last=Sarna|first=Jonathan D.|chapter=The Evolution of the American Synagogue|title=The Americanization of the Jews|editor-last1=Seltzer|editor-first1=Robert M.|editor-last2=Cohen|editor-first2=Norman J.|location=New York|publisher=New York University Press|date=1995|isbn=9780814788806|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zjiUuHnkeOIC|page=217}}</ref> *[[1812]] – Czar [[Alexander I of Russia|Alexander I]], the [[Emperor of Russia|Russian Emperor]] and the [[Grand Duke of Finland]], officially announces the transfer of the status of the Finnish capital from [[Turku]] to [[Helsinki]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://yle.fi/news/3-5486170|title=Bicentennial of Helsinki as Finnish capital|work=[[Yle News]]|date=April 8, 2012|access-date=April 8, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.helsinkitimes.fi/finland/finland-news/domestic/1978-lobbying-for-helsinki-200-years-ago-2.html|title=Lobbying for Helsinki 200 years ago|work=[[Helsinki Times]]|date=April 19, 2012|access-date=April 8, 2022}}</ref> *[[1820]] – The ''[[Venus de Milo]]'' is discovered on the [[Aegean Sea|Aegean]] island of [[Milos]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Venus de Milo {{!}} sculpture |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Venus-de-Milo |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=8 April 2020 |language=en}}</ref> *[[1832]] – [[Black Hawk War]]: Around 300 United States 6th Infantry troops leave [[St. Louis, Missouri]] to fight the [[Sauk people|Sauk]] [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]].<ref>{{cite book|last=McGuire|first=Randy R.|title=St. Louis Arsenal: Armory of the West|location=Chicago|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|date=2001|isbn=9780738507804|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hiKdvZsiTpwC|page=36}}</ref> *[[1866]] – [[Austro-Prussian War]]: [[Italy]] and [[Prussia]] sign a secret alliance against the [[Austrian Empire]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Wawro|first=Geoffrey|title=The Austro-Prussian War: Austria's War With Prussia and Italy in 1866|location=Cambridge, UK|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=1996|isbn=9780521560597|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AimQzlVVlQoC|page=43, fn. 18}}</ref> *[[1886]] – [[William Ewart Gladstone]] introduces the first [[Irish Government Bill 1886|Irish Home Rule Bill]] into the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|British House of Commons]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Altholz|first=Josef L.|title=Selected Documents in Irish History|location=Armonk, N.Y.|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|date=2000|isbn=9780765605412|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d1brBgAAQBAJ|page=101}}</ref> *[[1895]] – In ''[[Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.]]'' the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] declares unapportioned [[Income tax in the United States|income tax]] to be [[Constitutionality|unconstitutional]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Putney|first=Albert H.|title=United States Constitutional History and Law|location=Chicago|publisher=Illinois Book Exchange|date=1908|oclc=1304138030|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zeMrAAAAIAAJ|page=234|isbn=9780722273838 }}</ref>
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